Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of decrease in elbow flexion strength in patients after tenotomy and tenodesis of the long head of the biceps brachii.","authors":"Robert Krause, Augustin Majcher, Boris Steno","doi":"10.4149/BLL_2024_32","DOIUrl":"10.4149/BLL_2024_32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ntroduction: </strong>The last two decades have been leading to the development of several types of surgical techniques and procedures to manage the LHB lesions. This paper analyses and compares the difference in muscle strength pre- and post-operatively in two most commonly used surgical procedures - LHB tenotomy and tenodesis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study includes 68 patients who underwent surgery between 2016 and 2020. The patients who had met the prospective study inclusion criteria were divided into two groups based on type of surgery they had undergone (LHB tenotomy or tenodesis); each group consisted of 34. The muscle strength during elbow flexion was measured preoperatively and postoperatively using the Commander Echo Console ultrasound muscle testing device. All patients enrolled in the study had been assessed for elbow flexion strength preoperatively. The muscle strength was measured preoperatively and then 3 years postoperatively (12 to 60 months) on average.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study confirmed that the patients who had undergone LHB tenodesis show a significantly lower decrease in elbow flexion strength and a significantly lower incidence of \"Popeye\" deformity than the patients after LHB tenotomy. Moreover, in the tenodesis group, it was possible to initiate rehabilitation earlier. The incidence of postoperative complications was almost identical in both groups of patients (Tab. 10, Fig. 6, Ref. 40).</p>","PeriodicalId":55328,"journal":{"name":"Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy","volume":"125 4","pages":"211-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140289710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic determinants of taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy.","authors":"Beata Mladosievicova, Magdalena Nemcokova Jablonicka, Lucia Tatayova, Michal Bernadic","doi":"10.4149/BLL_2024_31","DOIUrl":"10.4149/BLL_2024_31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The efficacy of taxane‑containing regimens has been demonstrated for various cancers, particularly ovarian, endometrial, breast, lung, and prostate cancers. However, extensive taxane-induced toxicities limit their use. Prediction and management of many toxic complications in cancer patients have evolved significantly over the last decade. Peripheral neuropathy is the most typical non-hematological taxane-related complication, and it has a multifactorial pathogenesis. It is often dose-dependent and progressive during therapy and sometimes even after treatment. Unfortunately, the prediction of these common adverse events remains unclear. In the past few years, several polymorphisms of candidate genes with a possible role in the development of this consequence were studied. This minireview aims to highlight the critical yet underappreciated roles of genetic predictors that may increase susceptibility to taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy in cancer patients (Ref. 40). Keywords: taxanes, paclitaxel, docetaxel, peripheral neuropathy, risk factors, genetic polymorphisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":55328,"journal":{"name":"Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy","volume":"125 4","pages":"207-210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140289715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from matched related donors for acute myeloid leukemia.","authors":"Balazs Galffy, Ladislav Sopko, Jozef Lukas, Michaela Martisova, Barbora Ziakova, Peter Rohon, Silvia Cingelova, Martin Mistrik, Eva Bojtarova, Angelika Batorova","doi":"10.4149/BLL_2024_86","DOIUrl":"10.4149/BLL_2024_86","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the priority treatment option as the most effective prevention of relapse. When an HLA-matched sibling is available, these transplants are preferred.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We stratificated patients according to risk, disease state (an active disease, the 1st or 2nd complete remission ‒ CR1, CR2, which was achieved after the 1st or 2nd induction) and type of graft (from brother or sister). Finally, the overall survival (OS) of patients in individual groups was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The retrospective single-center study included 104 transplantations in 97 adult patients with AML who underwent HSCT from matched sibling donor in a period of 10 years between January 2011 and December 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>54 patients (55.7%) were alive as of the January 1, 2022. The median OS of the entire group, as well as the cohort with favorable (5y-OS 75.0%) and intermediate prognosis risk (5y‒OS 78.5%) was not reached. We found that patients, who required second induction therapy to achieve CR, had poorer OS after allogeneic HSCT, median 20.7 months (95% CI, 6.5-35.5) than those who achieved CR after first induction, median not reached (95% CI, 63.5‒63.5, p=0.0048). Statistically significant effect on OS shows transplantation in CR2 (HR 6.76, CI 95% 2.19‒20.80, p=0.0009), In addition, this parameter influenced OS more than achieving CR up to the 2nd induction course (HR 2.44, CI 95% 1.17‒5.11; p=0.0180) or entry to transplantation without CR (HR 2.81, CI 95% 1.09‒7.26; p=0.0326).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results presented in the work show the high efficiency of HSCT in each risk group. The number of induction therapies required to achieve CR is a good prognostic factor. The gender of a sibling has no impact on OS (Tab. 11, Fig. 7, Ref. 18). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: acute myeloid leukemia, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, overall survival, remission status, donor tender.</p>","PeriodicalId":55328,"journal":{"name":"Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy","volume":" ","pages":"551-557"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational study of endogenous magnetic particles' effect on action potential processing in a Purkinje cell model.","authors":"Michal Sabo, Martin Kopani","doi":"10.4149/BLL_2024_117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/BLL_2024_117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aims to investigate how changes in the conductance of axonal (Na+) and calcium (Ca2+) ion channels affect the generation, course, excitability and firing rate of action potentials in a model of Purkinje cell neurons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The NEURON Simulator was utilized with a Purkinje cell model to investigate generation, time to first spike, firing rate and pattern of action potential (AP) as well as neuronal excitability in relation to the influence of magnetic field on axonal ion channels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The downregulation of axonal Na+ and Ca2+ conductance led to a significant delay in the generation of the first spike, with completely blocked action potential generation when downregulated by 75%. Conversely, upregulation of axonal Na+ and Ca2+ conductance accelerated the emergence of the first spike.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that alterations in ion channel conductance influence the timing and generation of action potentials, suggesting that magnetic fields can modulate neuronal behaviour (Tab. 4, Fig. 12, Ref. 34). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: axon, ion channels, conductance, action potential, magnetic field, Purkinje cell.</p>","PeriodicalId":55328,"journal":{"name":"Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy","volume":"125 12","pages":"766-774"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational neuroscience as a tool for studying neurons.","authors":"Michal Sabo, Martin Kopani","doi":"10.4149/BLL_2024_120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/BLL_2024_120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Computational neuroscience uses a neuron model to investigate the behavior of a neuron under different stimuli e.g. magnetic field. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of conductivity change of sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ion channels on the generation and course of action potential, excitability and firing rate of neuron.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HHSim (Hodgkin-Huxley) graphical simulator was used for investigation of generation and firing rate of action potential (AP) and investigation of neuronal excitability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Na+ channel downregulation of conductance reveals a decrease of AP amplitude, and upregulation an increase of amplitude. Higher conductance of Na+ channel leads to higher firing rate from the value 53 HZ to 66 Hz. K+ channel downregulation of conductance reveals an increase of AP amplitude. Lower conductance of K+ channel leads to higher firing rate from the value 62 HZ to 68 Hz. K+ channel upregulation of conductance shows a decrease of AP amplitude.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From the results it can be drawn that effect of conductivity change as a result of magnetic field is significant and can leads to change of neurons. uman brain cultures, often termed \"glia-like\" cells (Tab. 4, Fig. 6, Ref. 21).</p>","PeriodicalId":55328,"journal":{"name":"Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy","volume":"125 12","pages":"785-789"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspective on the role of pharmacogenetic testing in mental health care in Slovakia.","authors":"Michaela Krivosova, Peter Hutka, Sara Kusnierova, Zuzana Macekova, Laura Maggioni, Matteo Marcatili, Massimo Clerici, Juraj Mokry","doi":"10.4149/BLL_2024_106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/BLL_2024_106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pathophysiology of mental illnesses is not fully understood, leading to insufficient remission, frequent adverse drug reactions, and treatment resistance. Pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing, a personalized approach recently adopted also in psychiatry, can guide effective drug therapy and minimize side effects. The objective of this study was to determine the perspective of Slovak clinicians regarding the integration of PGx testing in psychiatric clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Questionnaires covering various aspects such as prior experience with PGx testing, self-perceived competence, perceived utility, potential risks and challenges were distributed directly to attendees at two psychiatric conferences held in Slovakia in 2023 and their responses were statistically analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 54 respondents, only 7.4% had previous experience with PGx in clinical practice. The most clinicians felt that they should possess the skills to apply PGx testing in psychiatric clinical practice and were enthusiastic about increasing their expertise. They found PGx useful in medication selection, adverse effect management, and treatment-resistant depression. The primary concerns centered around the lack of well-defined guidelines and the financial considerations linked to the testing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Considering the participants' interest in PGx and its integration into clinical practice, educational programmes based on recommendations, guidelines, and convincing evidence could be organized (Tab. 4, Ref. 30). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, psychiatry, personalized treatment, Slovakia, perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":55328,"journal":{"name":"Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy","volume":"125 11","pages":"701-705"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latest advancements in the development of new therapies for type 1 diabetes.","authors":"Bakhytzhan Alzhanuly, Kamalidin Sharipov","doi":"10.4149/BLL_2024_75","DOIUrl":"10.4149/BLL_2024_75","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to explore new treatments for type 1 diabetes that could serve as an alternative or adjunct to insulin therapy. This is a literature review based on a search of relevant scientific articles in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases. The scrutiny of publications revealed that the introduction of glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists into insulin therapy can improve disease control and reduce the frequency of hypoglycaemic episodes. While immune therapy is pathogenetically justified, its utility is limited in patients with recent onset of type 1 diabetes. It may, however, find application in prophylaxis in individuals at increased risk of developing this type of diabetes. Concurrently, stem cell therapy is under active investigation in clinical trials and has shown promise in reducing insulin dependence, improving β-cell function and controlling glucose levels. In addition, stem cells have demonstrated efficacy in treating complications of diabetes such as diabetic nephropathy, peripheral neuropathy and diabetic angiopathy. There is compelling evidence supporting the significant potential of gene-editing technology. Intravenous administration of T-regulatory cells, as one method of cell therapy, shows potential in stabilising the course of diabetes and slowing its progression. However, further research is warranted to confirm efficacy. While gene therapy holds promise, much of its research is currently in the preclinical stage. Further development of innovative therapies for type 1 diabetes has the potential to enhance the quality of life of patients, improve disease control and prevent the development of complications (Fig. 1, Ref. 54). Keywords: diabetes type 1, treatment, cell therapy, insulin, pancreatic β-cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":55328,"journal":{"name":"Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy","volume":" ","pages":"484-491"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prognostic effect of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and De Ritis ratio in glioblastoma multiforme patients.","authors":"Yusuf Uzum, Tarik Salman, Utku Oflazoglu, Yasar Yildiz, Umut Varol, Murat Aysin, Yuksel Kucukzeybek, Ahmet Alacacioglu, Mustafa Oktay Tarhan","doi":"10.4149/BLL_2024_71","DOIUrl":"10.4149/BLL_2024_71","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Individuals with a higher De Ritis ratio (aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have an inferior survival in varied malignancies. To our knowledge, the prognostic potential of the De Ritis ratio and NLR to predict the survival in nonmetastatic glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the prognostic power of the De Ritis ratio and NLR in patients with nonmetastatic glioblastoma multiforme.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of 262 patients with glioblastoma multiforme have been retrospectively analyzed. Their age, gender, tumor characteristics, AST/ALT ratio, NLR and hemogram values, including age at diagnosis and date of diagnosis were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median survival time of the study group was 21 months (95% CI: 19‒23 months). The first-year and second-year survival rates were 73.0% and 40.5%, respectively. The univariate analysis revealed that the correlation of survival with age, gender, left/right location of tumor, mean platelet volume and De Ritis ratio did not reach the level of significance. The univariate analysis of the prognostic potential of NLR indicated that a 1-unit increase in NLR value translates to a 1.05 times higher risk of death (95% CI: 1.01‒1.09).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study lead to the observation that NLR value can serve as an effective prognostic marker in predicting the outcomes of patients with glioblastoma multiforme. It can be positioned as an easily accessible and cost-effective biomarker for establishing appropriate therapeutic strategies (Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 20).</p>","PeriodicalId":55328,"journal":{"name":"Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy","volume":" ","pages":"463-467"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated global and local feature extraction and classification from computerized tomography (CT) images for lung cancer classification.","authors":"Murugaiyan Suresh Kumar, Panneerselvam Deepak, Parthasarathy Vasanthan, Kandasamy Vijayakumar","doi":"10.4149/BLL_2024_34","DOIUrl":"10.4149/BLL_2024_34","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite being the second most often diagnosed form of cancer, lung cancers are rarely found in the general population. It is proposed in this study to employ a methodology of extracting both global and local features from CT scan images for the identification of lung cancer. Data gathering, globalised and localised training as well as testing the model are all part of this structure. This study makes use of 800 CT scan images. Images are pre-processed by warping and cropping in advance of the global testing step. Each image is represented by a feature vector employing eight distinct types of image characteristics, which are taken from the images. After creating feature vectors, three machine learning methods are employed to create detection models. Every medical image has been partitioned over a series of simple divisions throughout the training and testing process locally. To describe each block, feature vectors are derived from the image features that worked effectively in the general phase of the experiment. Similar extracted features are then used to build detection systems for all picture blocks using the learning strategies that were effective in the global stage. SVM using Haar Wavelet characteristics had an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 89%, 90%, and 89%, respectively. One might get 90%‑accurate results with SVM and 91%‑sensitive and 91%‑specific results using SVM plus HOG features. Finally, the utilisation of SVM with Gabor Filter characteristics achieved the greatest correctness, specificity, and sensitivity values, particularly 87%, 86%, and 87%, respectively (Tab. 3, Fig. 7, Ref. 18). Keywords: feature extraction, support vector machine, lung cancer, classification, machine learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":55328,"journal":{"name":"Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy","volume":"125 4","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140289766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors of cognitive impairment in elderly people in the Republic of Kazakhstan.","authors":"Assel Tukinova, Gulnar Shalgumbayeva, Zhanna Mussabekova","doi":"10.4149/BLL_2024_019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/BLL_2024_019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the risk factors of cognitive impairment in elderly people in the Republic of Kazakhstan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study design - cross - sectional. 385 elderly people randomly selected from all over Kazakhstan took part in the survey. The questionnaire for the elderly included socio-demographic data and a small test that determines the absence or the risk of developing cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Incomplete secondary education increases the risk of developing CI 4.92 times, secondary education 1.24, secondary special education 2.25 times compared to higher education. The absence of work at this time increases the risk of cognitive impairment compared to those who continue to work 2.24 times, being retired 0.42 times. Smoking increases the risk of developing CI compared to those who do not smoke 2.51 times, smoking history 0.86 times. Alcohol consumption increases the risk of developing CI compared to those who do not drink alcohol 1.62 times, other (on holidays) 0.31 times    .</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prevention of dementia does not exist today, but it is possible to reduce the risk of its development. Risk factors increase the chances of getting sick but also serve as guidelines that can be influenced (Tab. 3, Ref. 17).</p>","PeriodicalId":55328,"journal":{"name":"Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy","volume":"125 2","pages":"113-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}