Bulletin of the History of Medicine最新文献

{"title":"\"Just Listen to Us\": The Role of Oral Histories in Decolonizing Academic Medicine.","authors":"Jason E Glenn, Geraldlyn R Sanders, Carmaletta Williams, Danielle Binion, Jill N Peltzer","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a955172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a955172","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"98 4","pages":"523-533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flipping the Script-Community Grand Rounds.","authors":"Shavonne Wong, Norlissa Cooper, Sam Dennison, Paula Fleisher, Aimee Medeiros","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a955171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a955171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"98 4","pages":"512-522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making Time for the Body: Galen on Time Scarcity and Health.","authors":"Kassandra Miller","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a955173","DOIUrl":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a955173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Today, many patients and health care providers feel they lack sufficient discretionary time to maintain personal health and offer high-quality care. While this problem seems strictly modern, the Roman-era physician Galen of Pergamon also recognized that time scarcity has adverse health effects and proposed strategies to mitigate them. This article critically examines Galen's approach and its relevance today. The study demonstrates that Galen understood time scarcity to affect individuals across divisions of class and civic status and that he believed the time-scarce could, by adopting certain strategies, achieve a kind of good health. Nevertheless, Galen is clear that optimal health demands leisure. Read in the modern day, Galen's arguments highlight how time scarcity can deepen financial and identity-based health inequities while simultaneously transcending typical demographic categories. Though Galen's solutions focus on individual choices, his argument's implications should also encourage modern readers to pursue collective, structural change.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"98 4","pages":"534-563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tensions of a Discipline: The First World Congress of Psychiatry in Paris, between Global Ambitions and Local Practices.","authors":"Benoît Majerus","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a955174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a955174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1950, the First World Congress of Psychiatry took place in Paris. Gathering more than two thousand people, the event became a stage where many issues were negotiated for the psychiatric discipline in particular but also for the way of doing science of which the international conference was one of the most widespread practices. Between two wars-World War II and the Cold War-defining the international community was complex. Recently awarded a Nobel Prize for Medicine, psychiatry as a discipline negotiated its boundaries between biological and/or social determinants. This boundary work was framed by a narrative that underlined the novelty of the process-the first congress-and the materiality of a congress that also legitimized itself through a particular place, the Sorbonne in Paris.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"98 4","pages":"564-586"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Creation and Circulation of Evidence and Knowledge in American Medicine through the Lens of the \"Husband's Stitch\".","authors":"Sarah B Rodriguez","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a929785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a929785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physicians in the twentieth century routinely used episiotomy-a cut made during childbirth-to better facilitate labor, using the evidence of their experiences that it was useful. But physicians were not alone in producing evidence regarding episiotomy and its repair. Here I consider how three groups-male physicians, husbands, and laboring women-were involved in creating evidence and circulating knowledge about episiotomies, specifically, the intention of its repair, the so-called \"husband's stitch,\" to sexually benefit men. By doing so I seek to consider the meanings of evidence within medicine, evidence as a basis for challenging the hegemony of medicine by lay women, and how medical knowledge is produced and shared among physicians and non-physicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"98 1","pages":"93-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Books Received.","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a955179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a955179","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"98 4","pages":"686"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Memoriam, Natalie C. Köhle (1976-2024).","authors":"Katja Guenther, Marta Hanson, Daniela Helbig","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a955166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a955166","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"98 4","pages":"v-xiv"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"A Person Like Me\": Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Gender, and Racial Immunity in the Twentieth-Century United States.","authors":"Mike Winstead","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a929786","DOIUrl":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a929786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that affects mostly women and disproportionately Black women. Until the 1940s, SLE was rarely diagnosed in Black Americans, reflecting racist medical beliefs about Black immunity. In the 1940s and 1950s, SLE and its treatment were part of a patriarchal narrative of American industrialization. By the 1960s, newer diagnostic techniques increased recognition of SLE, especially among Black women; medical thinking about SLE shifted from external causes like infection or allergy to autoimmunity, which emphasized biological, genetically determined racial difference. In the 1970s and 1980s, an advocacy structure crystalized around memoirs by women with SLE, which emphasized the experiences of able-bodied, economically privileged white women, while Black feminist health discourse and SLE narratives by Black authors grappled with SLE's more complicated intersections. Throughout the twentieth century, SLE embodied immunity as a gendered, racialized, and culturally invested process.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"98 1","pages":"122-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sounding Bodies: Music and the Making of Biomedical Science by Peter Pesic (review)","authors":"Myles W. Jackson","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a915272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a915272","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt; &lt;span&gt;Reviewed by:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sounding Bodies: Music and the Making of Biomedical Science&lt;/em&gt; by Peter Pesic &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; Myles W. Jackson &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Peter Pesic. &lt;em&gt;Sounding Bodies: Music and the Making of Biomedical Science&lt;/em&gt;. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2022. 408 pp. Ill. $55.00 ( 978-0-262-04635-0). &lt;p&gt;There have been a number of works over the years in the history of science that detail the importance of music to the development of physical theory and experimentation. The same has not been true of the role of music in the biological and medical sciences. Peter Pesic's work goes a long way in filling that substantial void. By tracing the development of biology and medicine over two and a half millennia, Pesic convincingly demonstrates that while the influences of music and sound were certainly substantial, they were rather different from those that shaped the physical sciences.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Pesic's tome is divided into four parts based on themes, which are organized chronologically. Part I takes us to the ancient origins of the quadrivium. Pythagorean thought, for example, shaped the rational medicine of the Hippocrates and his followers, who insisted that numbers regulated critical moments in the development of diseases in the body. Plato considered medicine as a paradigm for the practice of philosophy as it could heal the souls suffering from ignorance and delusion. Herophilus linked musical ratios with the health and illness of the pulse. And subsequent scholars, such as Galen, elucidated upon the connection between musical ratios and pulses. During the Middle Ages and Renaissance, music was seen as a treatment of melancholia. In addition to this important medical practice, the theoretical link between astronomy and music was forged by Robert Grosseteste, Marsilio Ficino, and of course Johannes Kepler, who famously argued that musical harmony was the essence of \"the soul,\" which animated humans, animals, the earth, and even the cosmos.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Part II details what Pesic refers to as \"the sonic turn.\" This section details how the human body was no longer seen as being composed of the four humors but rather was viewed as comprising fibers and organs that could respond to sonic vibrations. In short, sound became for scholars a powerful resource in reconceptualizing how living organisms respond to stimuli. By the eighteenth century, sound became an important diagnostic tool for a number of physicians. For example, Austrian physician Leopold Auenbrugger invented the technique of percussion, and the nineteenth-century French physician René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laënnec, who was a skilled flautist and carved his own wooden flutes, invented the stethoscope and the technique of clinical auscultation.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Part III addresses the ways in which sounds were employed in understanding and treating mental illness. On the one hand, Gaetano Brunetti wonderfully captured the musical fascination with mania, a","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138744024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All Health Politics Is Local: Community Battles for Medical Care and Environmental Health by Merlin Chowkwanyun (review)","authors":"Beatrix Hoffman","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a915278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a915278","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt; &lt;span&gt;Reviewed by:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; &lt;em&gt;All Health Politics Is Local: Community Battles for Medical Care and Environmental Health&lt;/em&gt; by Merlin Chowkwanyun &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; Beatrix Hoffman &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Merlin Chowkwanyun. &lt;em&gt;All Health Politics Is Local: Community Battles for Medical Care and Environmental Health&lt;/em&gt;. Studies in Social Medicine. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2022. xii + 338 pp. Ill. $29.95 ( 978-1-4696-6767-6). &lt;p&gt;In 2019, General Iron, a polluting scrap metal company, began to relocate from Chicago's affluent Lincoln Park neighborhood to a poor Latinx community on the city's southeast side. Both the previous mayor, Rahm Emanuel, and the new one, Lori Lightfoot, encouraged the move. But after three years of protests by southeast side residents, including a monthlong hunger strike and a federal civil rights lawsuit, the city withdrew General Iron's permit.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;With both the Green New Deal and Medicare for All facing daunting political obstacles, this is an excellent time to pay closer attention to environmental and health care activism at the neighborhood level. Merlin Chowkwanyun's &lt;em&gt;All Health Politics Is Local: Community Battles for Medical Care and Environmental Health&lt;/em&gt; provides the invigorating analysis we need to begin to assess the efficacy and possibilities of community action to defend the public's health. Taking as a starting &lt;strong&gt;[End Page 523]&lt;/strong&gt; point Tip O'Neill's adage that \"all politics is local,\" Chowkwanyun argues that historians of U.S. health politics have synthesized national developments at the expense of variation at the grassroots. To address this deficiency, &lt;em&gt;All Health Politics Is Local&lt;/em&gt; presents examples from New York, Los Angeles, Cleveland, and Central Appalachia \"to identify cross-cutting and common themes across places while preserving local uniqueness\" (p. 5). Utilizing this ingenious comparative structure, Chowkwanyun incisively evaluates six ground-level political battles around industrial pollution and medical care.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;While the case studies, which take place from the 1950s through the 1970s, are organized geographically, readers will also find it useful to read the themed chapters alongside each other. Four of the chapters are about community fights around hospital and clinic care, and two are about environmental health movements. In New York, neighborhood groups, health workers' unions, and medical organizations protested the city's strategy to shut down some of its public hospitals and affiliate the rest with academic medical centers. They won their demand for a new Gouverneur Hospital on the Lower East Side but lost the larger battle against affiliation, primarily due to the overwhelming fiscal pressures on cities in the 1970s. In Los Angeles, activists in the wake of the Watts uprising led a movement for a new public hospital. Here Chowkwanyun's comparative approach provides crucial insights, since the loc","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"29 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138744033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}