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Bulletin of the History of Medicine最新文献

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Constructing Centimeters: Emanuel Friedman's Cervimeter and the Dilatation-Time Curve. 构造厘米：伊曼纽尔·弗里德曼的厘米计和膨胀-时间曲线。
IF 0.9 2区 哲学
Bulletin of the History of Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2025.a963726
Rebecca L Jackson
{"title":"Constructing <i>Centimeters</i>: Emanuel Friedman's Cervimeter and the Dilatation-Time Curve.","authors":"Rebecca L Jackson","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2025.a963726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2025.a963726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1954 Emanuel Friedman created a new dimension for measuring labor-change in dilatation rate over time-allowing the birthing body to participate in defining what it meant for labor to be \"arrested.\" Yet in constructing a \"normal\" standard curve of dilatation-over-time for guiding labor decisions and constructing a measuring instrument (the \"cervimeter\") to evidence the shape of this curve, Friedman unintentionally enabled a new dimension of labor to emerge: centimeters of dilation, today read as the state of labor progress. This article examines an oral interview with Friedman, the raw data from his first study, and his published research to show how the cervimeter reified centimeters as an \"objectively\" measurable interval-scale unit (rather than representing an ordinal approximation felt by hand) and enabled the transformation of Fried-man's curve from a graphical tool meant to conform to women into a tool used to conform them.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":"51-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Absolute Necessity": The Discovery of the Fetal Heartbeat with the Stethoscope, and Its Impact on Obstetric Practice in Dublin and Edinburgh, 1820-1840. “绝对必要”：用听诊器发现胎儿心跳，以及它对都柏林和爱丁堡产科实践的影响，1820-1840。
IF 0.9 2区 哲学
Bulletin of the History of Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2025.a963725
Caroline Avery
{"title":"\"Absolute Necessity\": The Discovery of the Fetal Heartbeat with the Stethoscope, and Its Impact on Obstetric Practice in Dublin and Edinburgh, 1820-1840.","authors":"Caroline Avery","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2025.a963725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2025.a963725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many people now take knowledge of the fetal heartbeat for granted. Despite this, it wasn't until 1818, following the invention of the stethoscope and popularization of the technique of auscultation, that the fetal heartbeat was first discovered. Listening to the fetal heartbeat enabled practitioners to confirm the existence of pregnancy, gain information on the internal positions of the fetus and the placenta, and determine the life or death of the fetus in utero. Additionally, signs from the stethoscope provided guidance for practitioners when dealing with long or difficult labors. This article examines the work and writings of the early key players in this story, emphasizing the impact of enthusiastic stethoscope advocacy on Irish obstetric practitioners' uptake of the instrument and how the changes in practice that stemmed from these changes went on to impact practitioners in Scotland.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":"17-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Books Received. 书收到了。
IF 0.9 2区 哲学
Bulletin of the History of Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2025.a963738
{"title":"Books Received.","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2025.a963738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2025.a963738","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":"285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Sometimes the Yoni Is Like a Jasmine Flower": The Vayattati's Hands in Twentieth-Century Kerala. “有时Yoni就像一朵茉莉花”：20世纪喀拉拉邦瓦亚塔蒂的手。
IF 0.9 2区 哲学
Bulletin of the History of Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2025.a963730
Aparna Nair
{"title":"\"Sometimes the Yoni Is Like a Jasmine Flower\": The Vayattati's Hands in Twentieth-Century Kerala.","authors":"Aparna Nair","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2025.a963730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2025.a963730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, the author relies on oral histories from vayattatis who worked in southwestern India over the course of the twentieth century and on archival research to examine the techniques and technologies that have been and continue to be a part of both pre- and postpartum care in southern India. The author tracks the wider social contexts and histories of this figure and examines how they came to learn, develop, and adapt their techniques of care for women and children through the generations. The author also examines how they constructed their corpus of authoritative knowledge as a necessary antidote to what they perceived as both the inaccessibility and technicism of biomedicine. The article also presents the vayattatis' own critique of technoscientific modernities and the toll they took on women's bodies. The article also examines how the vayattatis used unique local techniques including massage to facilitate postpartum healing and recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":"185-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
(Re)producing Reproduction: Obstetrical Training Models and Methods, 1880-1900. 再生产：1880-1900年产科培训模式和方法。
IF 0.9 2区 哲学
Bulletin of the History of Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2025.a963732
Jessica M Dandona
{"title":"(Re)producing Reproduction: Obstetrical Training Models and Methods, 1880-1900.","authors":"Jessica M Dandona","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2025.a963732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2025.a963732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents a close look at the material and visual culture of obstetrical training in the late nineteenth-century North Atlantic world, focusing on the obstetrical machines employed in contemporary midwifery courses. Created during a time of growing interest in public health, widespread anxiety over rising infant mortality, and emerging pronatalist policies, these widely produced pedagogical objects provided an interactive, mechanistic, and process-oriented simulacrum of the birthing body. By the late nineteenth century, obstetrical machines, once purpose-built by individual midwives, were mass-produced using durable commercial materials. This article focuses on the Budin-Pinard manikin, a widely used obstetrical manikin designed in France by renowned obstetricians Pierre Budin and Adolphe Pinard, to illustrate that objects used in obstetrical teaching in this period sought to provide a consistent structure, and through that a framework of method and of practice, within which the unexpected could be accommodated, managed, and made to signify.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":"236-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Other Things and Apparatuses": Abortion Techniques and Technologies in Pre-Roe South Carolina. “其他事物和设备”：南卡罗来纳州罗伊案之前的堕胎技术和技术。
IF 0.9 2区 哲学
Bulletin of the History of Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2025.a963731
Cara Delay, Madeleine Ware, Beth Sundstrom
{"title":"\"Other Things and Apparatuses\": Abortion Techniques and Technologies in Pre-<i>Roe</i> South Carolina.","authors":"Cara Delay, Madeleine Ware, Beth Sundstrom","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2025.a963731","DOIUrl":"10.1353/bhm.2025.a963731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article centers the methods and materials of illegal abortion in South Carolina from criminalization (1883) to Roe v. Wade (1973) as they appeared in criminal trial records, coroners' reports, newspaper accounts, oral histories, and contemporary medical literature. The authors explore abortion techniques and technologies by analyzing the objects used in criminal abortion attempts. In particular, they focus on the common objects and substances that could be found in homes or local shops, such as herbs and emmenagogues, turpentine, and rubber tubing, which are medical technologies and obstetrical objects. The analysis of illegal abortions in pre-Roe South Carolina demonstrates that abortion providers, and especially Black laywomen providers, not only depended on but actively nurtured centuries of intergenerational knowledge of abortion techniques and tools. Furthermore, they innovated with everyday objects and professional instruments alike to provide abortions to Black and white women.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":"211-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-Tech Obstetrics, Colonialism, and Childbirth Choice in Late Twentieth-Century Canada. 20世纪晚期加拿大的高科技产科、殖民主义与生育选择。
IF 0.9 2区 哲学
Bulletin of the History of Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2025.a963729
Whitney Wood, Danielle Cossey-Sutton
{"title":"High-Tech Obstetrics, Colonialism, and Childbirth Choice in Late Twentieth-Century Canada.","authors":"Whitney Wood, Danielle Cossey-Sutton","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2025.a963729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2025.a963729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developed in the United States in the late 1950s and 1960s, the electronic fetal monitor (EFM) was increasingly used in obstetric practice throughout North America by the 1970s. In identifying and delineating the \"normal\" fetal heart rate, EFM played a central role in defining obstetric risk and, in the eyes of many practitioners, quickly became an essential tool of \"modern\" and \"safe\" hospitalized birth. Focusing on one specific settler-colonial context, this article explores the relationship between obstetric technologies including the EFM and the childbirth \"choices\" available to mothers giving birth in late twentieth-century Canada. As smaller hospitals, health centers, and nursing stations, particularly in rural, remote, and northern areas, lacked access to what were framed as essential technologies, obstetric services were withdrawn from many communities, a shift that continues to disproportionately affect Indigenous mothers who are routinely evacuated out to give birth in provincial hospitals.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":"156-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Internal Rotation(s): Sociomaterial Practices and Embodiments in Hugo Sellheim's Experiments on Birth Mechanics. 内部旋转：雨果·塞尔海姆出生力学实验中的社会物质实践与体现。
IF 0.9 2区 哲学
Bulletin of the History of Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2025.a963728
Martina Schlünder
{"title":"Internal Rotation(s): Sociomaterial Practices and Embodiments in Hugo Sellheim's Experiments on Birth Mechanics.","authors":"Martina Schlünder","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2025.a963728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2025.a963728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At the turn of the twentieth century, in the midst of a shift in obstetrical research toward physiology, German obstetrician Hugo Sellheim (1871-1936) embarked upon a research project on the laws of birth mechanics. In a comprehensive experimental program, centering on the internal rotation of fetuses during birth, he tried to find out what kind of mechanical and expulsive forces were at work in the birthing process. From these experiments emerged a wealth of objects such as anatomical models, mechanical dolls, measuring devices, new physical instruments, and also birthing machines. By paying close attention to these objects and the sociomaterial practices associated with them, this article identifies, tracks, and characterizes the shift to physiology in obstetrics. By adopting a historical-praxiographic method, the article reveals the entanglement between the social and the material and renders visible a new and wider set of actors and relationships that, in turn, adds a novel dimension to the historiography of obstetrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":"122-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reproductive Objects. 生育对象。
IF 0.9 2区 哲学
Bulletin of the History of Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2025.a963724
Scottie Buehler, Margaret Carlyle
{"title":"Reproductive Objects.","authors":"Scottie Buehler, Margaret Carlyle","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2025.a963724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2025.a963724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This special issue traces the material \"stuff\"-the instruments and other material objects-that constitutes the uneven tapestries of power, authority, and knowledge making around human reproduction. To reevaluate our definition of what counts as a reproductive object, this collection recasts familiar objects, introduces new ones, and juxtaposes mundane things side-by-side with high-tech instruments. It also brings together various methodological approaches to highlight the myriad and multifaceted ways objects are enmeshed in sociomaterial webs. The resulting view of reproductive health care is thus contingent, fluid, and, fundamentally, material.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Midwife's Bag: Tracing the Objects of Professional Identity in Post-Unification Italy. 助产士的袋子：追寻统一后意大利职业认同的对象。
IF 0.9 2区 哲学
Bulletin of the History of Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2025.a963727
Jennifer Kosmin
{"title":"The Midwife's Bag: Tracing the Objects of Professional Identity in Post-Unification Italy.","authors":"Jennifer Kosmin","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2025.a963727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2025.a963727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an immediate target of post-Unification legislation, Italian midwives were subject to national efforts to standardize educational and professional practices. As a material emblem of these initiatives, the midwife's bag signified both a recognizable marker of midwives' new professional status and a mechanism for the increased surveillance directed toward them. Drawing on the material feminism of scholars like Donna Haraway and Karen Barad, the author considers three objects contained within the midwife's bag-syringes, stethoscopes, and birth registers-and the associated technologies of asepsis, auscultation, and statistical enumeration. In physical birthing rooms and on the pages of midwifery's new professional journals, the embodied practices associated with, rationale for, and impacts of novel obstetrical objects were negotiated. These technologies were part of the ongoing production of particular kinds of birthing and fetal bodies, ones that were both known and increasingly defined by technologically derived data and measurement.</p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":"94-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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