Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A最新文献

{"title":"Super-Resolution Reconstruction Algorithm-Based MRI Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer and Evaluation of Treatment Effect of Prostate Specific Antigen","authors":"Biao Liu, Rongping Tan, Baogao Tan, Chenhui Huang, Keqin Yang","doi":"10.1155/2022/5447347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5447347","url":null,"abstract":"MRI of prostate cancer (PCa) was performed using a projection onto convex sets (POCS) super-resolution reconstruction algorithm to evaluate and analyze the treatment of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and provide a theoretical reference for clinical practice. A total of 110 patients with PCa were selected as the study subjects. First, the modified POCS algorithm was used to reconstruct the MRI images, and the gradient interpolation algorithm was used instead of the traditional bilinear algorithm to preserve the edge information. The diagnostic and therapeutic effects of MRI examination, PSA examination, and MRI combined with PSA based on a super-resolution reconstruction algorithm were then compared. The simulation results showed that the POCS algorithm was superior to the bilinear interpolation results and was superior to the common POCS algorithm. After adding noise artificially, the restoration algorithm was effective and could preserve the details in the image. The performance indexes of PSA in the diagnosis of PCa were 75.4%, 60.1%, 70.08%, 72.2%, and 60.3%, respectively; the performance indexes of MRI in the diagnosis of PCa were 84.6%, 61.4%, 71.11%, 73.08%, and 61.9%, respectively; and the performance indexes of MRI combined with PSA based on the super-resolution reconstruction algorithm in the diagnosis of PCa were 96.05%, 88.3%, 95.1%, 93.6%, and 92.7%, respectively. The indicators of MRI combined with PSA based on the super-resolution reconstruction algorithm were significantly higher than those of the other two methods (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 \u0000  < 0.05). The signal-to-noise ratio of MRI of PCa based on the super-resolution reconstruction algorithm has been greatly improved, with good clarity, which can improve the diagnostic accuracy of PCa patients and has certain advantages in the examination. MRI based on the super-resolution reconstruction algorithm has a high value in the diagnosis and treatment of PCa.","PeriodicalId":55216,"journal":{"name":"Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83617863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Observation of Modified Implantation of ASD Closure Device to Treat BPFs","authors":"Yangfei Lu, Jisong Zhang, E. Chen, K. Ying","doi":"10.1155/2022/1666982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1666982","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. The aim of the paper is to explore the clinical efficacy and prognosis of the modified implantation of atrial septal defect (ASD) closure device to treat bronchopleural fistulas (BPFs). Methods. This paper has reviewed the results of 13 BPF patients implanted with a modified ASD closure device in Shaw Hospital Affiliated with the Medical College of Zhejiang University from October 2018 to November 2021. Anesthesia was selected based on the patient’s condition. Different sizes of ASD closures were selected based on the characteristics of fistulas. The modified implantation of the ASD closure device was applied to treat BPFs. The closure effects, closure time, and Borg score were observed at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks after the surgery. Results. All 13 BPF patients were successfully implanted with the ASD closure device, and the immediate clinical remission rate was 100%. Follow-up at 4 weeks after the surgery showed that 2 cases were automatically discharged within a few days and 4 cases had closed fistula at 1 day after the surgery; follow-up at 8 weeks after the surgery showed that 1 case with fistula closure was observed at 55 days after the surgery; follow-up at 12 weeks after the surgery showed that 1 case with fistula closure was observed at 82 days after the surgery. T/P values (T = 7.90, 5.99, 7.44, \u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ) of paired t-tests before surgery and 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks after the surgery were rated by the Borg scale. The data were statistically different, and the clinical symptoms improved significantly. As of publication, the follow-up at 12 weeks after the surgery showed that the clinical remission rate was 9/11, namely, 81.8%, 3 of 11 cases had relieved clinical symptoms but still needed continuous drainage, and 2 cases had fistula closure. The median time of thoracic extubation was 63 (3,120) days. No patients died from surgical complications or BPF recurrence during the prognosis and the follow-up period. Conclusions. The modified implantation method has a high success rate and clinical remission rate, quick and early fistula closure, and simple and noninvasive operation, without the need for a dedicated delivery sheath and rigid endoscopy. Moreover, it has accurate positioning, reliable closure efficiency, and prognosis, and can be completed under local anesthesia. This reduces the operation time, difficulty, and risks of anesthesia.","PeriodicalId":55216,"journal":{"name":"Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78574363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum Derivation of the Bloch Equations Excluding Relaxation","authors":"Eric R. Johnston","doi":"10.1155/2022/4461529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4461529","url":null,"abstract":"The equation of motion of the density matrix of an ensemble of identical spin-1/2 nuclei subject to a rotating-frame radiofrequency field and Zeeman frequency offset is derived from the Schrodinger equation and shown to be equivalent to the magnetization differential equations originally proposed by Bloch (excluding relaxation). The quantum and classical differential equations are then integrated.","PeriodicalId":55216,"journal":{"name":"Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83615103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI Features and Significance of Serum miRNAs and Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy","authors":"Nengyun Yao, Yanmei She, Songlin Tang, Huafei Liu, Fang Liu","doi":"10.1155/2022/3401838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3401838","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to investigate the changes of brain MRI features and serum biological parameters in patients with TLE. 30 patients with unilateral TLE confirmed by surgical pathology were selected as study subjects, and 30 subjects without a history of epilepsy who underwent health examinations during the same period were selected as controls. The brain MRI features of the patients were explored and the T2 relaxation time (HCT2) indexes of the bilateral hippocampus were extracted. The differences in levels of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets, inflammatory cytokines, and miRNAs were measured. The results showed that the hippocampal volume of TLE patients was significantly reduced, and the HCT2 value of the hippocampus was greater than that of the control group (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). CD3+ (77.9 ± 4.4)%, CD4+ (45.6 ± 2.2)%, CD8+ (22.1 ± 1.9)%, and CD3+/CD8+ (2.24 ± 0.22) in peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets of epileptic patients, compared with control group, CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ levels were significantly increased and CD8+ concentration was significantly decreased in epileptic patients (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ); inflammatory cytokines TNF-α was (2.63 ± 0.26) pg/mL, IL-1β was (4.61 ± 0.57) pg/mL, IL-2 was (1.59 ± 0.21) pg/mL, IL-6 was (2.28 ± 0.19) pg/mL, and ICAM-1 was (1.89 ± 0.30) pg/mL in peripheral blood of epileptic patients, which was significantly increased compared with control group, while IL-10 was significantly decreased in epileptic patients (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ); miR-146a was (2.14 ± 0.28) and miR-210 was (1.89 ± 0.31), miR-221 (2.44 ± 0.35), miR-34a (0.59 ± 0.14), miR-135b (10.17 ± 0.16), miR-33 (0.26 ± 0.09) in peripheral blood miRNA levels of epileptic patients, and miR-146a, miR-210, miR-221, and miR-34a levels of epileptic patients were significantly increased compared with control group, while MiR-135b and miR-33 levels of epileptic patients were significantly reduced (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). In summary, patients with TLE have hippocampal lesions, which may be related to peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets imbalance, chronic inflammatory response, and abnormal expression of miRNAs.","PeriodicalId":55216,"journal":{"name":"Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75813925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy Evaluation of Modified Siwu Decoction to Treat Osteoporosis in Patients with Poststroke Hemiplegia by Using the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features","authors":"Jing Wang, Xiuyun Liu, Yanni Chen, Bingjie Zhang, Yi Peng, Zhipeng Sun, Tao Yang","doi":"10.1155/2022/5068888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5068888","url":null,"abstract":"This study was focused on the clinical efficacy and safety of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based Siwu decoction for poststroke hemiplegia complicated with osteoporosis. 120 patients with poststroke hemiplegia and osteoporosis were divided into an observation group (modified Siwu decoction based on the treatment scheme of control group, 60 cases) and a control group (conventional drugs in neurology + neurology-based rehabilitation training treatment of muscle enhancement surgery, 60 cases). They all underwent MRI scans. The results showed that the bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine, ipsilateral femoral neck, and ipsilateral patella in the observation group was higher than that in the control group 180 days after treatment (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). MRI showed restricted diffusion and edema in the left frontoparietal cortex and subcortical white matter. The levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-OH-VD) and bone gla-containing protein (BGP) in the observation group 180 days after treatment were higher, and the type I collagen n-terminal propeptide (PINP) and type I collagen cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide (β-CTX) were lower (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). The visual analogue scale (VAS) score of the observation group at 180 days after treatment was lower, while the quality of life score was higher (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). The median cell count in the observation group at 180 days after treatment was less, while the lymphocytes showed a higher level (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). In conclusion, the Siwu decoction could effectively improve the bone metabolism of patients with poststroke hemiplegia and osteoporosis, promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteocytes, and improve the BMD and quality of life of patients.","PeriodicalId":55216,"journal":{"name":"Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80921912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiling of Plant Derived Natural Constituents by Using Magnetic Resonance Techniques","authors":"Anupama Anand, Anshu Sharma, Harpreet Kaur Saini, Somesh Sharma, Ruchi Sharma, C. Thakur, Priyanka, M. Atanassova, G. Caruso, Ardalan Pasdaran","doi":"10.1155/2022/5705637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5705637","url":null,"abstract":"Plants are reservoirs of naturally occurring chemical constituents with a wide range of structural diversity. These biological compounds can be derived from different parts of plants such as leaves, barks, seeds, seed coats, flowers, and roots. A broad array of secondary metabolic compounds is present in the plants such as antibiotics, alkaloids, antimicrobials, food-grade pigments, and phenolics which have been reported to possess numerous health-related benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiobesity activities. Therefore, the identification and detection of these compounds are of utmost importance in order to utilise their benefits into various fields. Wherein, magnetic resonance techniques, such as NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), and EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance), being far more reproducible, nondestructive, than other analytical techniques such as liquid chromatography, mass spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography cover a much wider dynamic range of metabolites with easy sample preparation techniques with high speed and fidelity. Hence, these magnetic resonance techniques have been proven to be extremely useful in plant metabolite profiling and disease metabolomics, along with structural elucidation of bioactive compounds from plant sources. Therefore, the present review focuses on the effectiveness of magnetic resonance for the detection of plant-derived metabolites that may lead to new areas of research in various fields such as drug discovery and development, metabolomics, combinatorial chemistry, and assessing overall food safety and quality.","PeriodicalId":55216,"journal":{"name":"Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83564147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Nursing Intervention on Self-Management and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Evaluated by Renal Diffusion Tensor Imaging Features Using Image Registration Algorithm","authors":"Z. Zhou","doi":"10.1155/2022/5331883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5331883","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to explore the effect of nursing intervention on self-management and quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) by using the renal diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) feature of image registration algorithm. A total of 100 patients with CKD were randomly divided into experimental group (nursing maintenance guidance intervention) and control group (routine nursing), with 50 cases in each group. The image effect before and after registration, self-management behavior after 6 months, quality of life, DTI-related parameters, and renal function indicators were collected and analyzed. The results showed that the images were clearer than those before registration, the self-management ability in the control group (92.81 ± 19.32) was smaller than that in the experimental group (107.12 ± 18.78), the quality of life in the experimental group (121.47 ± 11.21) was greater than that in the control group (104.89 ± 12.11), and the corresponding magnetic resonance apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) (2.54 ± 0.28) and fractional anisotropy (FA) (0.28 ± 0.07) in the cortex were greater than those in the control group (2.35 ± 0.21, 0.23 ± 0.04). The differences were statistically significant (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). The corresponding ADC value (2.32 ± 0.22) and FA value (0.59 ± 0.02) of medulla were greater than those of the control group (2.12 ± 0.24 and 0.41 ± 0.17). The levels of serum creatinine (Scr) (μmol/L) (421.38 ± 42.78) and 24 h urinary protein (24 h-Upro) (mg/d) (1,836.7 ± 545.98) were lower than those of the control group, and the differences had statistical significance (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). In summary, the registration algorithm can enhance the effect of image presentation and nursing intervention has positive significance for the self-management and quality of life of patients with CKD.","PeriodicalId":55216,"journal":{"name":"Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76288010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning-Based Magnetic Resonance-Ultrashort Time of Echo Imaging for Analyzing Degeneration of Intervertebral Disc Cartilage Endplate and Rehabilitation Nursing","authors":"Sainan Jiang, Xiaoyun Song, Chengming Jiang","doi":"10.1155/2022/8709075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8709075","url":null,"abstract":"This study was focused on the magnetic resonance-ultrashort time of echo (MR-UTE) imaging technology based on the convolution residual network (CRN) algorithm to evaluate the degeneration of intervertebral disc endplate (DIDCE) and the efficacy of rehabilitation nursing intervention. In this study, 90 patients with intervertebral disc degeneration in the hospital were randomly divided into an intervention group (45 cases) and a control group (45 cases). All patients were scanned by a magnetic resonance imaging system, and the original UTE images were postprocessed. The control group received routine nursing. The intervention group used massage and rehabilitation nursing intervention measures. The CRN algorithm is used to reconstruct the undersampled MR image and compared with ESPIRiT algorithm and the Regridding algorithm. The result found that CRN has more advantages than ESPIRiT and Regridding reconstruction algorithms. The proportion of partial disappearance and complete disappearance of fibrous ring structure in the low back pain group was higher than that in the non-low back pain group, with a statistical difference (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). 90 patients with intervertebral disc cartilage endplate degeneration were divided into lumbago group (62 cases) and nonlumbago group (28 cases) according to whether they had lumbago. The nursing satisfaction of patients in the intervention group (97%) is significantly higher than that of patients in the control group (69%) (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). In conclusion, the CRN algorithm successfully removes artifacts and noise in the undersampled image. Cartilage endplate, annulus fibrosus, and bony endplate partially disappeared by the MR-UTE imaging technique. Rehabilitation intervention proved to have a positive effect on the treatment of patients with intervertebral disc degeneration and can improve patients’ satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":55216,"journal":{"name":"Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78866885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI Semi-Quantitative Evaluation of Clinical Features of Cartilage Injury in Patients with Osteoarthritis","authors":"Xianchao Zhou, X. Shen","doi":"10.1155/2022/9057181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9057181","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of articular cartilage and clinical symptoms in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Eighty patients with OA were selected as the study subjects (OA group) and 80 healthy subjects during the same period were also selected as the control group. All subjects underwent knee sagittal PDW-SPAIR, sagittal T1WI-aTSE, sagittal T2WI-TSE, coronal PDW-SPAIR, sagittal 3D-WATSc, and sagittal T2 mapping scans. Thereafter, all subjects underwent clinical assessment. The whole-organ MRI score (WORMS) was adopted for MRI examination and semiquantitative analysis, and the T2 value was calculated. The correlation among T2 value, WORMS, and Western Ontario and Mc Master University OA Index (WOMAC) was then compared and analyzed. The correlation coefficients between T2 values and WORMS in each sub-region of patients with OA were 0.8, 0.55, −0.038, 0.811, and 0.743; the correlation coefficients between WORMS and WOAMC were 0.66, 0.71, 0.46, and 0.88; and the correlation coefficients between T2 values and WOAMC were 0.483, 0.33, 0.282, and 0.636, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the results of MRI semiquantitative analysis and clinical symptoms as well as disease severity in patients with OA.","PeriodicalId":55216,"journal":{"name":"Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76295415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clebsch–Gordan Coefficients and Their Application to Magnetic Resonance","authors":"Edward P. Saliba, A. Barnes","doi":"10.1155/2022/1143341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1143341","url":null,"abstract":"The Clebsch–Gordan coefficients are extremely useful in magnetic resonance theory, yet have an infamous perceived level of complexity by many students. The Clebsch–Gordan coefficients are used to determine both the matrix elements of the spherical tensor operators and the total angular momentum states of a system of component angular momenta. Full derivations of these coefficients are rarely worked through step by step. Instead, students are provided with tables accompanied by little or no explanation of where the values in it originated from. This lack of direction is often a source of confusion for students. For this reason, we work through two common examples of the application of the Clebsch–Gordan coefficients to magnetic resonance experiments. In the first, we determine the components of the magnetic resonance Hamiltonian of ranks 0, 1, and 2 and use these to identify the secular portion of the static, heteronuclear dipolar Hamiltonian. In the second, we derive the singlet and triplet states that arise from the interaction of two identical spin-\u0000 \u0000 1\u0000 /\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 particles.","PeriodicalId":55216,"journal":{"name":"Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74908843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}