Current Opinion in Hematology最新文献

Novel neutrophil biology insights underlying atypical chemokine receptor-1/Duffy antigen receptor of chemokines-associated neutropenia. 非典型趋化因子受体-1/达菲抗原受体与中性粒细胞减少症相关的中性粒细胞生物学新见解。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Hematology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000834

Johnson M Liu, Hongbo R Luo

{"title":"Novel neutrophil biology insights underlying atypical chemokine receptor-1/Duffy antigen receptor of chemokines-associated neutropenia.","authors":"Johnson M Liu, Hongbo R Luo","doi":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000834","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000834","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Atypical chemokine receptor-1 (ACKR1)/Duffy antigen receptor of chemokines (DARC)-associated neutropenia (ADAN; OMIM 611862), previously named benign ethnic neutropenia, and present in two-thirds of individuals identifying as Black in the USA, is associated with mild to moderate decreases in peripheral neutrophil counts that nevertheless do not lead to increased infections. Consequently, recent initiatives have sought to establish normal neutrophil count reference ranges for ADAN, considering it a normal variant rather than a clinical disorder requiring medical intervention.Recent findings: A limited number of studies elucidating the mechanism of neutropenia in ADAN has suggested that neutrophils may redistribute from peripheral blood to the tissues including the spleen: this might explain why ADAN is not associated with increased risks of infection since the total number of neutrophils in the body remains normal. In this review, we critically examine the research underlying the molecular basis of ADAN.Summary: Insights into the biology of neutrophils and their trafficking may inform the clinical interpretation of neutropenia in ADAN. The bulk of research suggests that ADAN does not lead to a diminished host defense as do other forms of neutropenia. However, ADAN may lead to increased proinflammatory signaling, with possible implications for senescence of the immune system and predisposition to autoimmunity and cancer.","PeriodicalId":55196,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11426986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New insights of glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex organization and glycoprotein Ibα in platelet biogenesis. 糖蛋白 Ib-IX-V 复合物组织和糖蛋白 Ibα 在血小板生物生成过程中的新见解。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Hematology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000832

Lulu Huang, Bojing Shao

{"title":"New insights of glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex organization and glycoprotein Ibα in platelet biogenesis.","authors":"Lulu Huang, Bojing Shao","doi":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000832","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000832","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-V, a platelet surface receptor that plays a critical role in platelet adhesion and platelet-mediated immune responses, consists of GPIbα, GPIbβ, GPIX, and GPV in a stoichiometry of 2 : 4 : 2 : 1. Forming a complex is essential for GPIb-IX-V to function. GPIb-IX-V also plays an important role in platelet biogenesis by regulating the number and size of platelets. Yet how GPIb-IX-V regulates platelet biogenesis remains elusive. This review will summarize recent findings in the complex organization of GPIb-IX-V and its role in platelet biogenesis.Recent findings: Proteomics studies suggest that GPIbα, GPIbβ, GPIX, and GPV form the complex in a ratio of 1 : 2 : 1 : 1, which is supported by analysis of molecular weight of GPIb-IX-V and GPIb-IX and the structure of entire GPIb-IX-V. To activate platelets, GPIbα requires binding of CLEC-2 to trigger signals. Furthermore, disrupting the GPIbα anchorage to filamin A causes defects in platelet budding away from proplatelets leading to giant platelets and a low platelet count.Summary: New studies challenge the traditional model for the organization of GPIb-IX-V as a complex and indicate the role of GPIb-IX-V in platelet production. Those studies provide insights for GPIb-IX-V in the regulation of platelet activation and platelet biogenesis.","PeriodicalId":55196,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prophylactic red cell transfusions for sickle cell disease pregnancy: increased use of therapy could transform outcomes. 镰状细胞病妊娠的预防性红细胞输注：增加治疗的使用可改变预后。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Hematology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000837

Sheinei Alan, Deva Sharma, Lydia H Pecker

{"title":"Prophylactic red cell transfusions for sickle cell disease pregnancy: increased use of therapy could transform outcomes.","authors":"Sheinei Alan, Deva Sharma, Lydia H Pecker","doi":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000837","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000837","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Pregnancy for people with sickle cell disease (SCD) is high risk with persistently high rates of severe maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Transfusion therapy is the best-studied treatment for SCD in pregnancy; hydroxyurea is not usually used because of teratogenicity concerns. In high-resource settings, red cell transfusions are likely underutilized, while in low-resource settings, they may be altogether unavailable.Recent findings: A randomized controlled trial and meta-analysis, two of the strongest forms of clinical research, show transfusion significantly reduces maternal and fetal death, painful crisis, thrombosis, and acute respiratory failure. Downstream benefits of treatment are less well measured and may include improving maternal anemia, reducing opioid exposure, and avoiding hospitalization, which presents risk for additional complications. Alloimmunization is a particular transfusion risk in SCD. However, many strategies can mitigate this risk. Accordingly, the American Society of Hematology classifies chronic transfusion in pregnancy as low risk.Summary: Given the low risk classification, lack of alternative therapies, dismal, stagnant pregnancy outcomes and the potential for profound treatment benefit, wider use of chronic transfusion therapy for SCD pregnancy is likely indicated. This review discusses the benefits and potential risks of prophylactic transfusions for SCD pregnancy. Use of chronic transfusions during pregnancy is indicated to help urgently transform outcomes.","PeriodicalId":55196,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heme- and iron-activated macrophages in sickle cell disease: an updated perspective. 镰状细胞病中的血红素和铁激活巨噬细胞：最新观点。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Hematology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000836

Shobana Navaneethabalakrishnan, Xiuli An, Francesca Vinchi

{"title":"Heme- and iron-activated macrophages in sickle cell disease: an updated perspective.","authors":"Shobana Navaneethabalakrishnan, Xiuli An, Francesca Vinchi","doi":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000836","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000836","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary blood disorder due to a single-point mutation in the β-globin gene. The ensuing hemoglobin has the tendency to polymerize upon deoxygenation, leading to the typical sickle shape of red blood cells. While the primary pathology of sickle cell disease is a direct consequence of altered red blood cells, emerging evidence highlights the central role of macrophages in mediating hemoglobin scavenging, perpetuating oxidative stress and inflammation, and causing endothelial dysfunction and tissue remodeling.Recent findings: Recent research uncovered the impact of heme and iron overload on macrophage polarization and functions in sickle cell disease, and its implication for chronic inflammation and tissue damage in vital organs such as the liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys. By providing a thorough understanding of the dynamic interactions between macrophages and various cellular components within the sickle cell disease milieu, these studies have laid the foundation for the identification of macrophage-related cellular and molecular mechanisms potentially targetable for therapeutic purposes to attenuate sickle complications.Summary: This review provides a current update about recent discoveries on heme/iron-activated macrophages in SCD, shedding light on their critical role in disease pathophysiology. Ultimately, it proposes avenues for future research aimed at addressing the relevance of these cells for other sickle complications and at targeting them to mitigate disease morbidity and improve patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":55196,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Viral infection after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 造血干细胞移植后的病毒感染。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Hematology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000833

Per Ljungman

{"title":"Viral infection after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","authors":"Per Ljungman","doi":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MOH.0000000000000833","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Viral infections are important complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. New infections develop such as SARS-CoV-2 with the potential for severe consequences. In this review, newly published information regarding management of viral infections is discussed.Recent findings: Letermovir and maribavir are antiviral agents that have positively impacted the management of cytomegalovirus infections. These should today be included in treatment algorithms. The first antiviral cellular therapy for anti-CD20 refractory EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disease is now licensed and available. Vaccination as well as introduction of antiviral agents, mAbs and possibly the development of different viral strains have reduced mortality in COVID-19 in this patient population. Well designed studies have shown the improved immunogenicity of high-dose influenza vaccines. There is still an unmet medical need for patients infected with human metapneumovirus and parainfluenza viruses.Summary: Although improvements in patient management for several important posttransplantation viral infections have been reported, an unmet medical need still exists for other viruses occurring in this high-risk population.","PeriodicalId":55196,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Hematology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000835

Alexander H Schmidt

{"title":"Unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donor registries: present reality and future prospects.","authors":"Alexander H Schmidt","doi":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000835","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000835","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Stem cell donor registries play an important role in providing stem cell products from unrelated donors to patients with severe blood diseases. In this review, important aspects of donor registry work, current challenges and possible future developments are discussed.Recent findings: The current growth in global unrelated stem cell donations is in line with the long-term trend, indicating that donor registries have overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. A key challenge for donor registries is the recruitment of donors from disadvantaged populations to create greater equity in access to unrelated stem cell transplantation. In addition, recruiting young donors and increasing the availability of donors who are already registered are important goals. In recent years, numerous studies have looked at the context of these themes and the development of possible solutions.Summary: The international community of donor registries, together with the World Marrow Donor Association, has helped many patients in need of a stem cell transplant over the past decades and is, therefore, a bright example of international collaboration for a good cause. It is currently addressing a number of challenges to effectively help as many patients as possible from various populations also in the future.","PeriodicalId":55196,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11426981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Donor selection in allogeneic stem cell transplantation. 异体干细胞移植中的供体选择。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Hematology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000831

Francisco Barriga, Alberto Cardoso Martins Lima

{"title":"Donor selection in allogeneic stem cell transplantation.","authors":"Francisco Barriga, Alberto Cardoso Martins Lima","doi":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000831","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000831","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Recent progress in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) characterization, increased accrual of unrelated donors and cord blood units, and a new platform for haploidentical transplantation have resulted in the widespread availability of donors for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Recent findings: Advances in HLA typing have identified an increasing number of loci and alleles that are crucial for successful transplantation. Newer HLA A, B, C, DRB1, and DQB1 alleles, DPB1 mismatches, and HLA B leader sequence matching are incorporated into donor selection algorithms. Donor selection is highly relevant because of recently published conflicting studies using different donor types. These studies are largely retrospective and compare patients with different diseases and stages, conditioning regimens, graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, and time periods. A broad consensus indicates that the best donor is an available matched sibling, followed by a matched unrelated donor, and then alternative donors such as haploidentical, mismatched unrelated, and cord blood units. This consensus is being challenged by other factors, such as donor age, patient condition, urgency of transplantation, and costs involved.Summary: In this review, we will analyze the unique characteristics of each donor type, the HLA and non HLA factors that affect donor choices, and the outstanding comparative outcome studies of different donor usage in hematologic malignancies.","PeriodicalId":55196,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Platelet transfusion. 血小板输注。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Hematology Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000843

Allison Mo, Erica Wood, Zoe McQuilten

{"title":"Platelet transfusion.","authors":"Allison Mo, Erica Wood, Zoe McQuilten","doi":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MOH.0000000000000843","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Platelet transfusions, used as prophylaxis or treatment for bleeding, are potentially life-saving. In many countries, demand for platelet transfusion is rising. Platelets are a limited and costly resource, and it is vital that they are used appropriately. This study will explore the evidence behind platelet transfusions in different contexts, in particular recent and important research in this area.Recent findings: Recent randomized clinical trials demonstrate the efficacy of platelet transfusions in some contexts but potential detrimental effects in others. Platelet transfusions also carry risk of transfusion reactions, bacterial contamination and platelet transfusion refractoriness. Observational and clinical studies, which highlight approaches to mitigate these risks, will be discussed. There is growing interest in cold-stored or cryopreserved platelet units, which may improve platelet function and availability. Clinical trials also highlight the efficacy of other supportive measures such as tranexamic acid or thrombopoietin receptor agonists in patients with bleeding.Summary: Although platelet transfusions are beneficial in many patients, there remain many settings in which the optimal use of platelet transfusions is unclear, and some situations in which they may have detrimental effects. Future clinical trials are needed to determine optimal use of platelet transfusions in different patient populations.","PeriodicalId":55196,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial introduction. 编辑介绍。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Hematology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000829

引用次数: 0

Improving our understanding on the clinical role of plasmin-mediated von Willebrand factor degradation. 进一步了解由 plasmin 介导的 von Willebrand 因子降解的临床作用。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Hematology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000825

Hinde El Otmani, Karen Vanhoorelbeke, Claudia Tersteeg

{"title":"Improving our understanding on the clinical role of plasmin-mediated von Willebrand factor degradation.","authors":"Hinde El Otmani, Karen Vanhoorelbeke, Claudia Tersteeg","doi":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000825","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOH.0000000000000825","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Von Willebrand factor (VWF) plays a pivotal role in primary hemostasis. A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase with a ThromboSpondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) is primarily responsible for cleaving ultra-large VWF multimers into smaller, less adhesive forms. However, plasmin has also been shown to cleave VWF multimers. This proteolytic cleavage of VWF results in a decreased multimer size and, hence, a lower VWF activity. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the involvement of plasmin-mediated VWF proteolysis in (micro)thrombosis.Recent findings: Plasmin-mediated VWF proteolysis has been suggested to play a role in various pathologies involving microthrombosis in combination with an imbalance in VWF antigen levels and ADAMTS13 activity, as well as activation of the fibrinolytic system, but quantitative assays to demonstrate this were lacking. Recently, a V H H-based bioassay was developed designed specifically to quantify plasmin-cleaved VWF (cVWF). The novel ELISA assay holds significant promise for gaining further insights into the clinical relevance of plasmin-mediated VWF proteolysis in several pathologies. Furthermore, local plasmin activation at the site of microthrombosis has been shown to be a promising treatment strategy by degrading VWF-rich microthrombi.Summary: Plasmin-mediated proteolysis of VWF is observed during microthrombosis; however, it remains unclear whether it impacts disease severity. A novel ELISA method to detect cVWF will improve our understanding of the clinical role of plasmin-mediated VWF degradation.","PeriodicalId":55196,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0