Ear and Hearing最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Age on the Bone-Conduction Amplitude-Modulated cVEMP Temporal Modulation Transfer Function.","authors":"Raghav H Jha, Erin G Piker, Christopher G Clinard","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) reflect saccular stimulation that results in an inhibitory muscle reflex recorded over the sternocleidomastoid muscle. These responses are utilized to study basic vestibular functions and are also applied clinically. Traditionally, cVEMPs have utilized transient stimuli such as clicks and tonebursts to evoke onset responses. Recently, amplitude-modulated tones have been used to elicit cVEMPs (AMcVEMPs). These AMcVEMP responses can provide information about the magnitude, phase synchrony, and nonlinearities from the vestibulo-collic reflexes that cannot be captured using other existing testing techniques. Although temporal modulation transfer functions (TMTFs) of AMcVEMPs for young, healthy adults have been established using different analysis techniques, there is currently no information regarding the effects of age on these responses. Thus, the current study aimed to examine the effects of age on AMcVEMPs across a broad range of modulation frequencies (MFs) using various AMcVEMP metrics including amplitude, signal to noise ratio (SNR), and phase coherence (PC).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The study included 16 (aged 20 to 39 years) young, 17 (aged 40 to 59 years) mid-age, and 16 (60 to 75 years) older adults with no history of neurological, vestibular, or middle-ear complaints. The stimuli consisted of amplitude-modulated tones with a carrier frequency of 500 Hz and 10 MFs ranging from 11 to 397 Hz. These stimuli were presented using a B81 transducer at 123 dB FL. AMcVEMPs were recorded from the sternocleidomastoid muscle (ipsilateral to the stimulating mastoid) using surface electrodes. Response analysis was performed using an FFT-based approach with analyses including amplitude, SNR, and PC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AMcVEMP waveforms exhibited periodicity corresponding to the stimulus MF, consistent with previous observations. Furthermore, significant age-related degradation in AMcVEMP amplitude, SNR, and PC measures were observed across a broad range of MFs. While AMcVEMPs were elicited across a wide range of MFs (11 to 263 Hz) for young adults, in mid-age and older adults, these metrics were robust only across a narrower range of MFs, resulting in a reduced TMTF. In addition, the MF eliciting the most robust AMcVEMP varied across different AMcVEMP analysis metrics and age groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A significant decline in the AMcVEMP response is seen as an effect of aging; however, the effect of aging is not uniform across measures or across MFs. The TMTF of AMcVEMP gets flatter, and the overall range is reduced as an effect of aging. Results from this study enhance our understanding of age-related changes in the vestibular system. Expansion of AMcVEMP to clinical populations may lead to a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of vestibular disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Occupational Noise Exposure and Extended High-Frequency Hearing Loss in Young Workers With Normal Hearing.","authors":"Panqi Xue, Wulan Zhao, Xiangjing Gao, Fang Wei, Fei Xu, Hongwei Xie, Hangze Mao, Hua Zou, Wei Qiu","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Studies on the relationship between occupational noise exposure and extended high-frequency (EHF) hearing loss are limited. This study investigated the relationship between occupational noise exposure and EHF hearing loss in workers exposed to noise as measured by sound pressure level, exposure duration, and kurtosis to help provide a basis for early detection and prevention of hearing loss in noise-exposed workers.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 602 participants with 472 noise-exposed workers and 130 non-noise-exposed controls. General demographic characteristics, noise exposure data, and hearing thresholds at conventional frequencies (0.25 to 8 kHz) and EHF (9 to 16 kHz) were collected and analyzed. Linear mixed-effects model analyses between hearing thresholds of EHF and noise exposure indicators including the 8-h equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (LAeq,8h), cumulative noise exposure (CNE), and kurtosis-adjusted CNE (CNE-K) were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 602 participants included in the analysis, 472 individuals (78.4%) were occupationally exposed to noise exposures ≥75 dBA. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in sex, exposure duration, LAeq,8h, CNE, and CNE-K between the noise-exposed group and the nonexposed group. The mean hearing thresholds for all tested extended high frequencies ranging from 9 to 16 kHz were significantly higher in the noise-exposed group than in the nonexposed group (p < 0.05). The mean hearing thresholds of subjects in different groups of LAeq,8h exposures were generally stable with little variance in the conventional frequencies (0.25 to 8 kHz) but differed in the EHF range. Moreover, EHF hearing loss appeared to be most prominent in the subjects exposed to noise with 80 dBA < LAeq,8h ≤ 85 dBA. After the combination of the sound pressure level, exposure duration, and kurtosis by using the noise exposure indicators CNE and CNE-K, the subjects at the different noise exposures showed significant differences in hearing thresholds at EHF (p < 0.05). Linear mixed-effected model analyses showed that the CNE-K was the best to indicate noise-induced hearing loss among the three noise exposure indicators at EHF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicate that the EHF hearing threshold testing is more sensitive to identifying early occupational noise-induced hearing loss than conventional audiometry. The CNE-K, an indicator combining noise energy, exposure duration, and kurtosis, is a more comprehensive and effective method for assessing the risk of EHF hearing loss due to occupational noise exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended High-Frequency Audiometry Using the Wireless Automated Hearing Test System Compared to Manual Audiometry in Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Chelsea M Blankenship, Lindsey M Hickson, Tera Quigley, Erik Larsen, Li Lin, Lisa L Hunter","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001621","DOIUrl":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Valid wireless automated Békésy-like audiometry (ABA) outside a sound booth that includes extended high frequencies (EHF) would increase access to monitoring programs for individuals at risk for hearing loss, particularly those at risk for ototoxicity. The purpose of the study was to compare thresholds obtained with (1) manual audiometry using an Interacoustics Equinox and modified Hughson-Westlake 5 dB threshold technique to automated audiometry using the Wireless Automated Hearing Test System (WAHTS) and a Békésy-like 2 dB threshold technique inside a sound booth, and (2) ABA measured in the sound booth to ABA measured outside the sound booth.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study including 28 typically developing children and adolescents (mean = 14.5 years; range = 10 to 18 years). Audiometric thresholds were measured from 0.25 to 16 kHz with manual audiometry inside the sound booth and with ABA measured both inside and outside the sound booth in counterbalanced order.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ABA thresholds measured inside the sound booth were overall about 5 dB better compared with manual thresholds in the conventional frequencies (0.25 to 8 kHz). In the EHFs (10 to 16 kHz), a larger threshold difference was observed, where ABA thresholds were overall about 14 dB better compared with manual thresholds. The majority of ABA thresholds measured outside the sound booth were within ±10 dB of ABA thresholds measured inside the sound booth (conventional: 86%; EHF: 80%). However, only 69% of ABA thresholds measured inside the sound booth were within ±10 dB of manual thresholds in the conventional frequencies and only 32% of ABA thresholds measured inside the sound booth were within ±10 dB of manual thresholds in the EHFs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that WAHTS ABA results in better thresholds in conventional frequencies than manual audiometry in children and adolescents, consistent with previous studies in adults. Hearing thresholds for the EHF were better when measured with WAHTS ABA compared with manual audiometry, likely due to different transducer-related calibration values that are not age-adjusted. Additional studies of WAHTS automated Békésy-like EHF thresholds that include healthy pediatric participants are needed to establish age-appropriate normative thresholds for clinical application in monitoring programs for noise-induced hearing loss and/or ototoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Corrective Saccades in the Bilateral Posterior Canal Stimulation During the Video Head Impulse Test: A Marker of Central Vestibulopathy?","authors":"Genoveva Hurtado, Elizabeth A Poth, Neil P Monaghan, Shaun A Nguyen, Habib G Rizk","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine if the presence of corrective saccades during video head impulse test (vHIT) stimulation of the bilateral posterior semicircular canals (PSCs) correlated with other vestibular test results, demographics, symptoms, or diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study was a retrospective chart review where 1006 subjects' vHIT records were screened with 17 subjects meeting inclusion criteria for isolated bilateral PSC saccades.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1006 patients undergoing vHIT testing, only 1.7% had isolated bilateral PSC saccades. The median age of subjects was 73 years, with a range of 61 to 85 years. Statistical significance was identified between groups with abnormal PSC vHIT gain and abnormal ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential results as well as those with 1 to 2 diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study confirms the rarity of isolated bilateral PSC vHIT saccades and as well as association with central vestibulopathy. Correlations with other vestibular test results, demographics, symptoms, or diagnoses may be strengthened with future large-scale studies. Further understanding of the clinical utility of isolated bilateral PSC vHIT saccades is needed. Patients with bilateral PSC vHIT abnormalities may benefit from a comprehensive neurological evaluation and consultation.</p>","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the Mismatch Negativity to Evaluate Hearing Aid Directional Enhancement Based on Multistream Architecture.","authors":"Christopher Slugocki, Francis Kuk, Petri Korhonen","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate whether hearing aid directivity based on multistream architecture (MSA) might enhance the mismatch negativity (MMN) evoked by phonemic contrasts in noise.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Single-blind within-subjects design. Fifteen older adults (mean age = 72.7 years, range = 40 to 88 years, 8 females) with a moderate-to-severe degree of sensorineural hearing loss participated. Participants first performed an adaptive two-alternative forced choice phonemic discrimination task to determine the speech level-that is, signal to noise ratio (SNR)-required to reliably discriminate between two monosyllabic stimuli (/ba/ and /da/) presented in the presence of ongoing fixed-level background noise. Participants were then presented with a phonemic oddball sequence alternating on each trial between two loudspeakers located in the front at 0° and -30° azimuth. This sequence presented the same monosyllabic stimuli in the same background noise at individualized SNRs determined by the phonemic discrimination task. The MMN was measured as participants passively listened to the oddball sequence in two hearing aid conditions: MSA-ON and MSA-OFF.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The magnitude of the MMN component was significantly enhanced when evoked in MSA-ON relative to MSA-OFF conditions. Unexpectedly, MMN magnitudes were also positively related to degrees of hearing loss. Neither MSA nor the participant's hearing loss was found to independently affect MMN latency. However, MMN latency was significantly affected by the interaction of hearing aid condition and individualized SNRs, where a negative relationship between individualized SNR and MMN latency was observed only in the MSA-OFF condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hearing aid directivity based on the MSA approach was found to improve preattentive detection of phonemic contrasts in a simulated multi-talker situation as indexed by larger MMN component magnitudes. The MMN may generally be useful for exploring the underlying nature of speech-in-noise benefits conferred by some hearing aid features.</p>","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Vanderbilt Classroom Listening Assessment Short Survey for Children With Unilateral Hearing Loss.","authors":"Erin M Picou, Hilary Davis, Kathleen Healy Lunsford, Anne Marie Tharpe","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001612","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;Children with unilateral hearing loss experience difficulties in classroom listening situations. There are a limited number of validated questionnaires available for monitoring listening development and quantifying the challenges school-aged children with unilateral hearing loss experience. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a survey that describes the classroom listening challenges reported by children with unilateral hearing loss with and without the use of personal hearing devices (air conduction hearing aid, bone conduction hearing aid, cochlear implant, contralateral routing of signals system).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;Children aged 9 to 17 years with self-reported unilateral hearing loss completed an online survey about classroom listening difficulties when not using a personal hearing device (n = 1148) or with the use of a personal hearing device (n = 897). The survey includes 15 questions examining different situations common in modern classrooms. Each question includes a picture depicting the described listening situation. Exploratory factor analysis was used to develop subscales and the internal reliability of the subscales was evaluated. To validate the survey, the relationships between survey scores and self-reported hearing difficulties (without a personal hearing device) or type of device (with a personal hearing device) were evaluated using regression analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Factor analysis revealed survey scores for individual items statistically loaded onto three factors. On the basis of these factors, subscales were created, which are related to: (1) listening situations where the talker is faraway from the child, (2) listening situations where the talker is close to the child and they are inside a building, and (3) listening situations where the talker is close to the child and they are outside a building. Regression analyses revealed children reported the greatest difficulty in school settings when the sound of interest was faraway from them. Although scores were generally higher, indicating listening was easier, when children were wearing their personal hearing devices (i.e., air conduction hearing aid, bone conduction hearing aid, contralateral routing of signals system, cochlear implant), situations with faraway signals were still reported as more challenging than were situations where signals were close.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This set of findings highlights the need to incorporate distance effects into laboratory evaluations that include children with unilateral hearing loss. In addition, the findings support clinical interventions that address talker-to-listener distances, such as preferential seating and remote microphone systems. Last, the results of this study validate the Vanderbilt Classroom Listening Assessment Short Survey for use with children aged 9 to 17 years of age with unilateral self-reported hearing difficulty. The subscales are em","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catch-Up Saccades in Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Deficit: Contribution of Visual Information?","authors":"Ruben Hermann, Stefano Ramat, Silvia Colnaghi, Vincent Lagadec, Clément Desoche, Denis Pelisson, Caroline Froment Tilikete","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001616","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;Catch-up saccades help to compensate for loss of gaze stabilization during rapid head rotation in case of vestibular deficit. While overt saccades observed after head rotation are obviously visually guided, some of these catch-up saccades occur with shorter latency while the head is still moving, anticipating the needed final eye position. These covert saccades seem to be generated based on the integration of multisensory inputs. Vision could be one of these inputs, but the known delay for triggering visually guided saccades questions this possibility. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the potential role of visual information for controlling (triggering and guiding) the first catch-up saccades in patients suffering from bilateral vestibulopathy. To investigate this, we used head impulse test in a virtual reality setting allowing to create different visuo-vestibular mismatch conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;Twelve patients with bilateral vestibulopathy were recruited. We assessed in our patient group the validity of our virtual reality head impulse testing approach by comparing recorded eye and head movement to classical video head impulse test. Then, using the virtual reality system, we tested head impulse test under both normal and three visuo-vestibular mismatch conditions. In these mismatch conditions, the movement of the visual scene relative to the head movement was altered: decreased in amplitude by 50% (half), nullified (freeze), or inverted in direction (inverse). Recorded eye and head movements during these different conditions were then analyzed, more specifically the characteristics of the first catch-up saccade.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Impaired vestibulo-ocular reflex required subjects to systematically perform catch-up saccades, which could be covert or overt. The latency of the first catch-up saccade increased along with the amount of visuo-vestibular mismatch between the four conditions (i.e., from normal to half to freeze to inverse) and, consequently, the mean percentage of covert saccades decreased with increasing visual feedback error. However, the freeze and inverse conditions allowed us to reveal the existence of many saccades performed in the wrong direction relative to visual feedback. These visually discordant saccades were present in over half of the trials, they were mainly covert and their percentage was inversely correlated with residual vestibulo-ocular reflex gain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Visual information significantly impacts catch-up saccade latency and the relative number of covert saccades during head impulse testing in vestibular deficit. However, in more than 50% of trials involving a visuo-vestibular mismatch, catch-up saccades remained directed in the compensatory direction relative to head movement, that is, they were visually discordant. Therefore, contrary to previously published proposals, visual information does not appear to b","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech Perception and Language Abilities Among Children Using Cochlear Implants: Findings From a Primary School Age Cohort in South India.","authors":"Jeena Mary Joy, Lakshmi Venkatesh, Samuel N Mathew, Swapna Narayanan, Sita Sreekumar","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001610","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to profile the speech perception and language abilities of a cohort of pediatric cochlear implant (CI) users in primary school years. It also aimed to understand the intercorrelations among audiological, child, and environmental characteristics, speech perception, and language skills and to explore the predictors of speech perception and language skills.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;A cross-sectional design was used for the study. The participants were 222 pediatric CI users (106 boys; 116 girls) with a mean chronological age of 10.51 (SD ± 1.28) years. Participants had received CIs at a mean age of 2.93 (SD ± 0.95) years, with the mean duration of CI use being 7.43 (SD ± 1.15) years at the time of assessment. Participants completed an assessment battery comprising speech perception (phoneme discrimination, open-set speech perception in quiet) and language (semantics, syntax) tasks. Selected audiological, child, and environmental characteristics were documented. The mean and SDs of the measures across age categories (8 to 12 years) and the proportion of children attaining scores better than 80%, between 50 and 80%, and poorer than 50% of the total possible score in each task were computed to generate a profile of speech perception and language abilities. Correlational and regression analyses assessed the intercorrelations among the variables and predictors of speech perception and language abilities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A large proportion (79.0%) of children in the study group obtained scores better than 80% for phoneme discrimination, whereas only 17.8% scored better than 80% for open-set speech perception in quiet. Additionally, 42.8 and 20.8% of children scored better than 80% for semantics and syntax, respectively. Speech perception and language abilities demonstrated moderate-strong intercorrelations, contributing to a significant proportion of the total variance explained in phoneme discrimination (42.9%), open-set speech perception (61.8%), semantics (63.0%), and syntax (60.8%). Phoneme discrimination and open-set speech perception emerged as large contributors to variance in overall language abilities. Among the audiological factors, only hearing age contributed to a small proportion of variance (3 to 6%) across children's speech perception and language performance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Children using CI demonstrated highly variable performance in speech perception and expressive language skills during primary school. Although children demonstrated improved performance in phoneme discrimination and semantics, they continued to face challenges in the (quiet) speech perception and syntax abilities. The effect of audiological, child, and environmental factors was minimal in explaining the variance in speech perception and language abilities, which shared a bidirectional relationship. The findings relating to mid-term outcomes, ranging from 4 to 9 years after cochle","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral Response Modeling to Resolve Listener- and Stimulus-Related Influences on Audiovisual Speech Integration in Cochlear Implant Users.","authors":"Cailey A Salagovic, Ryan A Stevenson, Blake E Butler","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001607","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;Speech intelligibility is supported by the sound of a talker's voice and visual cues related to articulatory movements. The relative contribution of auditory and visual cues to an integrated audiovisual percept varies depending on a listener's environment and sensory acuity. Cochlear implant users rely more on visual cues than those with acoustic hearing to help compensate for the fact that the auditory signal produced by their implant is poorly resolved relative to that of the typically developed cochlea. The relative weight placed on auditory and visual speech cues can be measured by presenting discordant cues across the two modalities and assessing the resulting percept (the McGurk effect). The current literature is mixed with regards to how cochlear implant users respond to McGurk stimuli; some studies suggest they report hearing syllables that represent a fusion of the auditory and visual cues more frequently than typical hearing controls while others report less frequent fusion. However, several of these studies compared implant users to younger control samples despite evidence that the likelihood and strength of audiovisual integration increase with age. Thus, the present study sought to clarify the impacts of hearing status and age on multisensory speech integration using a combination of behavioral analyses and response modeling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;Cochlear implant users (mean age = 58.9 years), age-matched controls (mean age = 61.5 years), and younger controls (mean age = 25.9 years) completed an online audiovisual speech task. Participants were shown and/or heard four different talkers producing syllables in auditory-alone, visual-alone, and incongruent audiovisual conditions. After each trial, participants reported the syllable they heard or saw from a list of four possible options.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The younger and older control groups performed similarly in both unisensory conditions. The cochlear implant users performed significantly better than either control group in the visual-alone condition. When responding to the incongruent audiovisual trials, cochlear implant users and age-matched controls experienced significantly more fusion than younger controls. When fusion was not experienced, younger controls were more likely to report the auditorily presented syllable than either implant users or age-matched controls. Conversely, implant users were more likely to report the visually presented syllable than either age-matched controls or younger controls. Modeling of the relationship between stimuli and behavioral responses revealed that younger controls had lower disparity thresholds (i.e., were less likely to experience a fused audiovisual percept) than either the implant users or older controls, while implant users had higher levels of sensory noise (i.e., more variability in the way a given stimulus pair is perceived across multiple presentations) than age-matched controls.","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Do Enriched Speech Acoustics Support Language Acquisition in Children With Hearing Loss? A Narrative Review.","authors":"Laura E Hahn, Anke Hirschfelder, Dirk Mürbe, Claudia Männel","doi":"10.1097/AUD.0000000000001606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Language outcomes of children with hearing loss remain heterogeneous despite recent advances in treatment and intervention. Consonants with high frequency, in particular, continue to pose challenges to affected children's speech perception and production. In this review, the authors evaluate findings of how enriched child-directed speech and song might function as a form of early family-centered intervention to remedy the effects of hearing loss on consonant acquisition already during infancy. First, they review the developmental trajectory of consonant acquisition and how it is impeded by permanent pediatric hearing loss. Second, they assess how phonetic-prosodic and lexico-structural features of caregiver speech and song could facilitate acquisition of consonants in the high-frequency range. Last, recommendations for clinical routines and further research are expressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55172,"journal":{"name":"Ear and Hearing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}