Derrick W Van Every, Alysha C D'Souza, Stuart M Phillips
{"title":"Hormones, Hypertrophy, and Hype: An Evidence-Guided Primer on Endogenous Endocrine Influences on Exercise-Induced Muscle Hypertrophy.","authors":"Derrick W Van Every, Alysha C D'Souza, Stuart M Phillips","doi":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000346","DOIUrl":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We review the evidence indicating that endogenous changes in these hormones, including testosterone, growth hormone, insulin growth factor-1, and estrogen, and their proposed anabolic effects contribute to and augment resistance exercise training (RET)-induced hypertrophy. Additionally, we provide recommendations for gold-standard methodological rigor to establish best practices for verifying menstrual phases as part of their research, ultimately enhancing our understanding of the impact of ovarian hormones on RET-induced adaptations.</p>","PeriodicalId":55157,"journal":{"name":"Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"117-125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelsey R Sewell, Audrey M Collins, Maddison L Mellow, Ryan S Falck, Belinda M Brown, Ashleigh E Smith, Kirk I Erickson
{"title":"A Compensatory Role of Physical Activity in the Association Between Sleep and Cognition.","authors":"Kelsey R Sewell, Audrey M Collins, Maddison L Mellow, Ryan S Falck, Belinda M Brown, Ashleigh E Smith, Kirk I Erickson","doi":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000345","DOIUrl":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We synthesize evidence investigating the hypothesis that greater engagement in physical activity (PA) may compensate for some of the negative cognitive consequences associated with poor sleep in older adults. Potential mechanistic pathways include glymphatic clearance, influences on depression, and other comorbidities. The evidence base is largely cross-sectional and observational, and further experimental studies are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":55157,"journal":{"name":"Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"145-151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bidirectional Link Between Exercise and the Gut Microbiota.","authors":"Belle Huang, Liping Zhao, Sara C Campbell","doi":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000343","DOIUrl":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercise is well known to exert beneficial changes to the gut microbiota. An emerging area is how the gut microbiota may regulate exercise tolerance. This review will summarize the current evidence on how exercise influences gut microbial communities, with emphasis on how disruptions or depletion of an intact gut microbiota impacts exercise tolerance as well as future directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55157,"journal":{"name":"Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"132-144"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Religion-Based Mindful Walking Meditation on Cardiometabolic and Mental Health.","authors":"Hirofumi Tanaka, Daroonwan Suksom","doi":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000341","DOIUrl":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Walking meditation or mindful walking is a widely performed form of Buddhist practice that focuses on mind-body interactions. We have found that this particular form of exercise was highly effective in eliciting improvements in cardiometabolic and functional fitness measures in a number of clinical populations. In some key measures, the magnitudes of benefits were greater than the traditional walking program.</p>","PeriodicalId":55157,"journal":{"name":"Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews","volume":"52 4","pages":"126-131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jenna C Stone, Jennifer S Williams, Maureen J MacDonald
{"title":"Modulation of Vascular Health by Hormonal Contraceptives and Exercise in Young Women: Using the FITT Principles Methodological Framework.","authors":"Jenna C Stone, Jennifer S Williams, Maureen J MacDonald","doi":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/JES.0000000000000350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Cardiovascular health is governed by responses of the heart and vasculature to stimuli, including exercise and synthetic hormones in hormonal contraception. In this review, we draw similarities between research examining the effects of exercise training and hormonal contraception on vascular health, aligned using FITT principles (frequency, intensity, type, and time) as a methodological framework, and outline future directions for research.</p>","PeriodicalId":55157,"journal":{"name":"Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roy M Salgado,Benjamin J Ryan,Afton D Seeley,Nisha Charkoudian
{"title":"Improving Endurance Exercise Performance at High Altitude: Traditional and Non-traditional Approaches.","authors":"Roy M Salgado,Benjamin J Ryan,Afton D Seeley,Nisha Charkoudian","doi":"10.1249/jes.0000000000000347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/jes.0000000000000347","url":null,"abstract":"Acute exposure to terrestrial altitude (hypobaric hypoxia) causes decrements in endurance performance relative to sea level. Altitude acclimatization consistently results in partial attenuation of these decrements, but due to logistical challenges is not readily implemented. We discuss mechanisms and impact (or lack thereof) of other non-acclimatization interventions to improve endurance performance and provide suggestions future research directions.","PeriodicalId":55157,"journal":{"name":"Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intracellular Ca2+ After Eccentric Muscle Contractions: Key Role for Ryanodine Receptors.","authors":"Ayaka Tabuchi,David C Poole,Yutaka Kano","doi":"10.1249/jes.0000000000000348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/jes.0000000000000348","url":null,"abstract":"Eccentric contractions (ECC) induce excessive intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) accumulation and muscle structural damage in localized regions of the muscle fibers. In this investigation, we present the novel hypothesis that the ryanodine receptor (RyR) plays a central role in evoking a Ca2+ dynamics profile that is markedly distinguishable from other muscle adaptive responses.","PeriodicalId":55157,"journal":{"name":"Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aerobic Exercise Training for the Aging Brain: Effective Dosing and Vascular Mechanism.","authors":"Takashi Tarumi,Tsubasa Tomoto,Jun Sugawara,Rong Zhang","doi":"10.1249/jes.0000000000000349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/jes.0000000000000349","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents evidence supporting the hypothesis that starting aerobic exercise in early adulthood and continuing it throughout life leads to significant neurocognitive benefits compared with starting exercise later in life. Regular aerobic exercise at moderate-to-vigorous intensity during midlife is associated with significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness, which may create a favorable brain microenvironment promoting neuroplasticity through enhanced vascular function.","PeriodicalId":55157,"journal":{"name":"Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Motor Output Variability in Movement Disorders: Insights From Essential Tremor.","authors":"Basma Yacoubi, Evangelos A Christou","doi":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000338","DOIUrl":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Findings on individuals with essential tremor suggest that tremor (within-trial movement unsteadiness) and inconsistency (trial-to-trial movement variance) stem from distinct pathologies and affect function uniquely. Nonetheless, the intricacies of inconsistency in movement disorders remain largely unexplored, as exemplified in ataxia where inconsistency below healthy levels is associated with greater pathology. We advocate for clinical assessments that quantify both tremor and inconsistency.</p>","PeriodicalId":55157,"journal":{"name":"Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"95-101"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sex-Based Differences in Muscle Stem Cell Regulation Following Exercise.","authors":"Kayleigh Beaudry, Michael De Lisio","doi":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000337","DOIUrl":"10.1249/JES.0000000000000337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual dimorphism, driven by the sex hormones testosterone and estrogen, influences body composition, muscle fiber type, and inflammation. Research related to muscle stem cell (MuSC) responses to exercise has mainly focused on males. We propose a novel hypothesis that there are sex-based differences in MuSC regulation following exercise, such that males have more MuSCs, whereas females demonstrate a greater capacity for regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":55157,"journal":{"name":"Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}