Flora最新文献

{"title":"The significance of reproduction-related traits for wet meadow species survival in a fragmented landscape","authors":"Antigoni Sounapoglou ,&nbsp;Štěpán Janeček ,&nbsp;Michael Bartoš ,&nbsp;Eliška Chmelová ,&nbsp;Sylvain Delabye ,&nbsp;Jan Horník ,&nbsp;Jana Jersáková ,&nbsp;Šárka Jiráská ,&nbsp;Yannick Klomberg ,&nbsp;Vincent Maicher ,&nbsp;Robert Tropek ,&nbsp;Petra Janečková","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Habitat fragmentation refers to the breaking of continuous habitats into multiple isolated patches, which can result in smaller populations of plant species. The response of individual species to fragmentation can be largely determined by specific plant reproductive traits including traits related to pollination. To reveal the role of these plant traits for plant survival in fragmented landscapes, we targeted European grasslands, the most fragmented biome in the world. We explored whether plants of wet meadows are affected by the degree of connectivity between patches and, if so, which reproductive traits are responsible for their success. More particularly, we constructed a trait suite for 39 wet meadow species encompassing 15 traits related to reproduction and pollination. Six traits were revealed as important predictors, which in decreasing order of importance were: flowering duration, floral colour, flower’s reward accessibility, clonality, nectar guides presence, and plant’s specialisation to particular number of pollinator functional groups. Species found to be more successful were characterised mainly by increased flowering durations, displayed certain floral colours (e.g. UV - yellow bright), had easily accessible rewards, were highly clonal, did not hold nectar guides and were visited by many pollinator groups. Our results revealed that the most successful species presented altogether broader ecological niches. We highlight the importance of examining poorly studied floral traits alongside related ecological processes to understand better the factors driving species' success in fragmented habitats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 152771"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of warming and phosphorus on the stoichiometry of native and invasive plant and their rhizosphere soil","authors":"Miaomiao Cui ,&nbsp;Jie Dong ,&nbsp;Bin Yang ,&nbsp;Haochen Yu ,&nbsp;Xue Fan ,&nbsp;Zhaoqi Zhu ,&nbsp;Guangqian Ren ,&nbsp;Daolin Du","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many studies have examined the interactions among multiple global change factors, but their combined effects on plant and soil stoichiometry, particularly in invasive and native plants, remain poorly understood. This study investigated how warming and phosphorus influence plant biomass, and carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus of a native and an invasive plant species and their soils, and how stoichiometry mediates biomass responses to environmental change. <em>Artemisia argyi</em> (native) and <em>Solidago canadensis</em> (invasive) were treated with warming (2 °C above ambient temperature), phosphorus (4 g <em>m</em>⁻² yr⁻¹, NaH₂PO₄), and their combination under single planting. Warming significantly inhibited the total biomass accumulation of <em>S. canadensis</em> (-69.7 %) and <em>A. argyi</em> (-49.0 %). The C:P and N:P of <em>A. argyi</em> significantly increased under warming due to decreased total phosphorus. Structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that the effect of warming on total biomass accumulation of <em>A. argyi</em> resulted from its direct negative influence. Conversely, phosphorus input increased the total biomass of <em>S. canadensis</em> (+22.8 %) and <em>A. argyi</em> (+11.6 %). SEM showed that phosphorus could promote the total biomass accumulation of <em>S. canadensis</em> directly or indirectly through soil C:N:P. The warming * phosphorus treatment significantly inhibited total biomass accumulation of <em>S. canadensis</em> (-56.4 %) and <em>A. argyi</em> (-50.3 %). Both species exhibited higher N:P under combined environmental treatment, driven by reduced total phosphorus concentration in <em>A. argyi</em> (-24.2 %) and increased total nitrogen concentration in <em>S. canadensis</em> (+70.3 %). Compared with <em>A. argyi</em>, the total biomass of <em>S. canadensis</em> was higher under warming * phosphorus treatment, though its growth stimulation by phosphorus input was significantly inhibited by high temperature. This indicates that rising environment temperature may gradually weaken the growth advantage of invasive plants. In addition, the coupling relationship between plant and soil stoichiometry jointly regulates plant responses to global change, emphasizing the importance of stoichiometry in plant–soil systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 152768"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing leaf structure characters of taxa of Campomanesia Ruiz & Pav. (Myrtaceae) to use in the taxonomy of the genus","authors":"Daiane Aparecida Camargo Portella ,&nbsp;Marla Ibrahim Uehbe de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Káthia Socorro Mathias Mourão ,&nbsp;Marcela Thadeo","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leaf structure studies focused on anatomy have helped resolve taxonomic problems in Myrtaceae, demonstrating they are a promising method to better understand poorly known groups. Taxonomically delimiting sterile specimens of <em>Campomanesia</em> is difficult, although this group has leaf structure characters that are little explored in the literature. The present study had the objectives of describing the leaf structure characters of <em>Campomanesia</em> and determining their potential to delaminate taxa. The leaf architecture varied among the species: secondary veins are excurrent or decurrent, with alternate to irregular arrangements; and tertiary veins are percurrent alternate, mixed, or opposite. Freely ending veinlets range from unbranched to highly branched (dendritic), offering potential characters to separate species based on venation complexity. The leaves are dorsiventral and hypostomatic, with a median vascular bundle forming a continuous arch with ends that turn upward or toward the center. This pattern suggests structural adaptations that may be conserved within clades and, thus, might be useful for taxonomic grouping. Petioles have vascular arches that are either invaginated or directed towards the center, and these variations, along with the continuity or discontinuity of the arch, provide additional anatomical markers for species delimitation. The lateral veins have sheath extensions, and aligned secretory cavities can occur in both epidermis surfaces or only in the abaxial surface. The distribution of secretory cavities has proven to be a useful trait for species differentiation in Myrtaceae, which is corroborated here for <em>Campomanesia</em>. These findings demonstrate that leaf structural features are consistent and diverse enough to serve as reliable characters for species delimitation within <em>Campomanesia</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 152759"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foliage leaf and floral bract micromorphology vary by habitat and habit in Guadua (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae)","authors":"Elizabeth K. McMurchie ,&nbsp;Josephine A. Crock ,&nbsp;Devin Molnau ,&nbsp;Haldre S. Rogers ,&nbsp;Dean C. Adams ,&nbsp;Lynn G. Clark","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micromorphology of bamboo foliage leaves is a valuable tool for determining taxonomic placement of species. Members of the Neotropical woody bamboo subtribe Guaduinae, including <em>Guadua</em>, are unusual in that most have stomata on both leaf surfaces. Foliage leaves of savanna-dwelling <em>Guadua</em> also often feature papillae on both surfaces, while the plants share a suite of macromorphological characteristics. We sought to evaluate statistically whether there were patterns in micromorphological variation in <em>Guadua</em> foliage leaves that aligned with known habitat- or habit-based patterns in macromorphological variation. Additionally, we investigated the micromorphology of <em>Guadua</em> floral bracts to determine whether they displayed variation similar to that of foliage leaves. By analyzing scanning electron microscopy images of these structures, we constructed binary datasets recording presence or absence of micromorphological features on foliage leaves and floral bracts of <em>Guadua</em> specimens belonging to 28 and 24 described species, respectively, as well as four and two putative species, respectively, for foliage leaves and floral bracts. We produced distance matrices using simple matching coefficient for the micromorphology datasets, visualized our data using principal coordinates analysis, and determined whether there were significant differences in foliage leaf and floral bract micromorphology based on habitat and habit using factorial multivariate analyses of variance. Our results indicate that <em>Guadua</em> foliage leaf and floral bract micromorphology differs significantly between <em>Guadua</em> found in savanna, forest, or river habitats and between <em>Guadua</em> of small arching, climbing, or larger erect habits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 152767"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical-foliar diversity in three species of Lupinus L. (Fabaceae) from central Mexico and its taxonomic implications","authors":"Estela Sandoval-Zapotitla ,&nbsp;Ma. Concepción Guzmán Ramos ,&nbsp;Rebeca Vergara Espinoza ,&nbsp;W. Victor Velasco Tapia ,&nbsp;Aurora I. Cantor del Ángel ,&nbsp;Alejandro Vallejo Zamora ,&nbsp;Kalina Bermúdez Torres","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Lupinus</em> L. comprises approximately 280 species with high diversity in the American continent. The knowledge and taxonomic delimitation of this is still scarce and inconsistent. Anatomical characters provide information for the taxonomic resolution of several plant groups, nevertheless, that is scarce for <em>Lupinus</em>. The objective of this study is to conduct a comparative anatomical analysis of three species of <em>Lupinus</em> which are morphologically well separated, investigate the structure of their leaves to evaluate the taxonomic significance of their characters for confirm their existing classifications and reveal anatomical characteristics that have not yet been reported for the group. The study utilizes leaflets and petioles from three distinct localities of <em>L. bilineatus</em> Benth., <em>L. hintonii</em> C.P. Smith and <em>L. mexicanus</em> Cerv. ex Lag. were collected, fixed in the field, and processed using conventional histological techniques for inclusion in paraplast and permanent preparations of cross sections and for epidermis characterization. Thirty-two qualitative and twenty-five quantitative characters were examined. The latter were based on statistical analyses. The histological structure of the leaflet and petiole are described. The statistical analysis showed that some characters distinguish the species, as the abundance, location, and length of adaxial stomata, the thickness of the anticlinal wall, the height of adaxial epidermal cells, the type and density of trichomes, the height of adaxial papillae, the type of mesophyll, the magnitude of the midrib, diameter of vessels in middle in the leaflet. The outline and height of epidermal cells, type and number of collenchyma strata, arrangement and number of vascular bundles and location of air spaces in the petiole. The combination of qualitative and quantitative traits indicates a high degree of similarity within the species, particularly between the populations of <em>L. hintonii</em>. Eleven characters differentiates the <em>L. mexicanus</em> population Lm3 from the other two, suggesting that it is a distinct species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 152758"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing natural regeneration of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L.) trees under different forest managements in Hyrcanian-temperate forest","authors":"Sayed Reza Azadeh,&nbsp;Kambiz Abrari Vajari,&nbsp;Sayed Vahid Sayedena","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The successful regeneration of trees in forests requires proper establishment and growth of seedlings. The traits of seedlings can be improving the decision- making forest managers regarding when applying silvcultural systems in forest ecosystems. We measured the major morphological traits of beech seedlings under different forest managements including single-tree selection, shelterwood systems and control(unlogged) site in Hyrcanian-temperate forest. We found that different forest managements are statistically the most important factor for the variation of seedlings traits in the forest. Small seedlings (<em>H</em> ≤ 50 cm) in the logged forest via single-tree selection and shelterwood showed the higher mean values regarding to plagiotropic, forked, height and H/D ratio. Tall seedlings (H:51–150 cm) in single-tree selection system had a higher mean values for seedling features including straight, single, H/D ratio, distance from seed trees and seedling number compared with shelterwood system and control site (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.01). Among the two beech seedlings height classes (small vs. tall), we found some attributes to differ significantly for control, shelterwood and single-tree selection sites (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.01, <em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). The main findings of our study might be favorable for forest managers to know the reaction of beech seedlings to different logging operations in Hyrcanian forests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 152748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphoanatomical characterization of vegetative organs and leaf histochemistry and phytochemistry of Laportea aestuans","authors":"Marina Maria Barbosa de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Gabriel Vitor Teixeira da Silva ,&nbsp;Herlayne Carolayne Caetano da Silva ,&nbsp;Cledson dos Santos Magalhães ,&nbsp;Karina Perrelli Randau","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Brazil, as well as in South Africa and other regions of the world, <em>Laportea aestuans</em> is considered an Unconventional Food Plant and possesses significant medicinal properties. This species is native to Brazil and is the only one of its genus in the country. Due to its nutritional and medicinal importance, as well as its status as a native species, this study aims to characterize the morphoanatomy of its vegetative organs, along with a preliminary histochemical and phytochemical analysis of its leaves. To achieve this, the macroscopic characterization was performed using a caliper and a stereomicroscope. Cross-sections of the root, stem, petiole and leaf blade and paradermal sections of the leaf blade were obtained freehand and mounted on microscope slides for anatomical characterization. In histochemical and phytochemical analysis, different reagents were used according to the target metabolite. In macroscopic analysis, L. <em>aestuans</em> has a stem, with branches showing trichomes, leaf blade with acuminate apex, obtuse base, serrate-crenate to toothed margin, reticulate dictyodromous vein, inflorescences with the presence of trichomes on the apical and dorsal portions. Anatomically, the species presents roots with collateral vascular cylinder; stem with four to five layers of angular collenchyma, sclerenchyma caps and collateral vascular cylinder; petiole with five to six layers of angular collenchyma and bicollateral vascular bundle; hypostomatic leaf blade, with paracytic and anisocytic stomata; and central vein with angular collenchyma with four to five layers and collateral vascular bundle. All vegetative organs show drusen. There are non-glandular trichomes on the stem, petiole, and leaf blade and secretory channels only on the petiole and leaf blade. Histochemical and phytochemical tests showed the presence of different metabolites with pharmacological indications cited in the literature. Thus, this study contributes to the pharmacobotanical standardization of L. <em>aestuans</em> and provides important data for taxonomic, nutritional, and pharmacological studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 152749"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphoanatomical characteristics of fruits in Bixa orellana L. accessions with contrasting dehiscence phenotypes","authors":"Rocío Tamayo-García ,&nbsp;José Alberto Narváez-Zapata ,&nbsp;Angela Ku-González ,&nbsp;Felipe Barredo-Pool ,&nbsp;Margarita Aguilar-Espinosa ,&nbsp;Renata Rivera-Madrid","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The main source of bixin is the <em>Bixa orellana</em> L. plant, known as achiote. Bixin, a red apocarotenoid, accumulated mainly in the seeds. The major genetic improvement goal in <em>B. orellana</em> plants is to increase their bixin content. In the search for the most relevant trait associated with bixin production, one of the significant features was the fruit's dehiscence. To generate insight into this characteristic, three variants of <em>B. orellana</em> were selected with different fruit phenotypes related to the dehiscent phenomenon level (dehiscent, indehiscent, and partially dehiscent) and bixin content. Detailed analysis of the anatomical structures of the fruits reveals differences in the dehiscence zone, which is important for seed release, the endocarp glands and vascular bundles vary widely between the three phenotypes. The distribution and number of the endocarp gland vary according to dehiscent phenomena. The dehiscent fruits have smaller cells and a well-defined dehiscence zone with enzymatic degradation. The partially dehiscent fruits combine characteristics of both fruit of the other phenotypes. Lignin deposition was accessed through phloroglucinol-HCl and autofluorescence. Dehiscent fruits showed low lignin deposition, while indehiscent fruits exhibited a clear lignin accumulation in several structures but not in the dehiscence zone. Partially dehiscent fruits showed an intermediate pattern that reinforces their dehiscent or non-dehiscent character. This detailed analysis shows how lignification patterns are associated with each fruit phenotype’s functionality and opening capacity. Lignification and dehiscent phenomena may be important traits in characterizing the <em>B. orellana</em> variants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 152743"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on the stipe morpho-anatomical traits in some members of Pteridaceae and its Taxonomic relevance","authors":"Saradiya Mitra,&nbsp;Saurav Moktan","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The vascular arrangement of fern and fern-allies has been a source of great fascination for botanists since the nineteenth century to modern times. The study of stipe anatomy has been accepted to be of great taxonomical value and the patterns of organization and vasculature in ferns is a great point for comparative study. The morpho-anatomical traits of fern stipes provide essential insights into fern systematics and phylogenetics. This study explores the morpho-anatomy of stipes in 24 species of Pteridaceae span under four subfamilies, Pteridoideae, Vittarioideae, Cryptogrammoideae, and Cheilanthoideae, collected from the eastern Himalayan region. The morphological traits such as stipe length, colour, surface texture, and scale characteristics were systematically examined. Concurrently, anatomical investigations revealed variations in stipe outlines, vascular bundle shapes, and xylem strand configurations.</div><div>The study highlights significant interspecific variability, with vascular bundle ranging from U to inverted Ω shaped, and xylem strands adopting diverse morphologies such as V, U, and hippocampus-shaped configurations. These anatomical traits show potential taxonomic and phylogenetic value, aiding in species delineation, particularly in cases where morphological features overlap due to convergent evolution.</div><div>Additionally, the study confirms the presence of consistent sclerenchymatous epidermal layers across species, reinforcing the adaptive role of these structures in their ecological niches. The findings emphasize the importance of stipe anatomy as a reliable tool for taxonomic delineation, enhancing the understanding of evolutionary relationships within Pteridaceae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 152747"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative morpho-anatomy of the female flowers in species of the amazonia palm genuS Oenocarpus Martius","authors":"Genise Luz de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Maria Gracimar Pacheco de Araújo ,&nbsp;Fred Stauffer ,&nbsp;Kaio Cesar Marinho da Cunha","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among the Amazon native palm species with potential economic use are those of genus Oenocarpus Mart., tribe Euterpeae, considered one of the most ecologically and economically important tribes within Arecaceae. Considering that floral structure provides a wide range of morphological characters with complex evolutionary patterns, and that morphology and anatomy contribute to our better understanding of physiology and ecological, taxonomic, and phylogenetic relationships, we studied female flowers of four <em>Oenocarpus</em> species (<em>O. bacaba, O. bataua, O. minor</em> and <em>O. mapora</em>) occurring in the Amazonas state, Brazil, representing most species in the Brazilian Amazon. Morphoanatomy indicates that an oval shape pattern is the main trend for the flowers of the genus, with specific differences observed in stigmas, whereas anatomy, histochemistry, and SEM analyses revealed that the main differentiating characteristics are restricted to the perianth. Geometric morphology helped establish similarities and distances between species in shape of the floral outline. Anatomy and histochemistry show that there is a pattern of structural and metabolic organization within the genus, regardless of environment, reinforcing the putative affinity between the species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 152745"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}