Flora最新文献 - Book学术

Leaves damaged by insect herbivory have consistently different biomechanical traits compared to undamaged leaves within individual plants 在单株植物中，被虫食损害的叶片与未受损害的叶片具有不同的生物力学特性

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Flora Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152857

Yang Liu , Jifa Cui , Bo Wang

{"title":"Leaves damaged by insect herbivory have consistently different biomechanical traits compared to undamaged leaves within individual plants","authors":"Yang Liu , Jifa Cui , Bo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leaf herbivory by insects is a widespread phenomenon across ecosystems, significantly impacting plant growth, survival, and community structure and biodiversity maintenance. While past research has mainly focused on interspecific and intraspecific differences in insect herbivory and its correlation with leaf traits, intra-individual variation in the susceptibility of leaves to insect herbivory remains under-investigated. Here, we investigated 5583 leaves from 584 seedlings of 40 woody species from a subtropical forest in southwestern China, focusing on five key leaf traits: size, specific leaf area (SLA), water content, thickness, and toughness. Our results revealed significant differences in these trait properties between insect-damaged and undamaged leaves from the same individual plant, with damaged leaves being larger, thicker, and harder, but having lower SLA and water content. These patterns were consistent across species, suggesting a conserved mechanism influencing the evolution of traits resisting insect herbivory. Furthermore, our findings offer valuable insights for future research on herbivory, particularly in terms of experimental design. Relying solely on traits from intact leaves may compromise the reliability of the leaf trait effects on herbivory. Traits of damaged leaves should also be considered to ensure the robustness of herbivory research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 152857"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145278070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Osmophores as key players in pollination of Caladium bicolor (Araceae): a structural approach 渗透孔在双色Caladium（天南星科）传粉中的作用：结构分析

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Flora Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152851

Elder Antônio Sousa Paiva , Igor Ballego-Campos , Marc Gibernau , Carlos Gabriel Pereira-Silva , Artur Campos Dália Maia

{"title":"Osmophores as key players in pollination of Caladium bicolor (Araceae): a structural approach","authors":"Elder Antônio Sousa Paiva , Igor Ballego-Campos , Marc Gibernau , Carlos Gabriel Pereira-Silva , Artur Campos Dália Maia","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>All known species of the Caladieae tribe are beetle-pollinated, with floral volatiles linked to thermogenesis playing a key role in attracting pollinators. In <em>Caladium bicolor</em>, the inflorescences emit a strong scent that attracts nocturnal cyclocephaline beetles, though the exact site of scent emission remains debated. This study identified the osmophore and examined tissues and subcellular structures involved in scent production. Preliminary observations indicated the staminate portion of the spadix as the scent source. Microscopic analyses revealed that the secretory region is composed of papillary epidermis and underlying secretory parenchyma. Stomata exhibited signs of exudate release. Starch reserves in the parenchyma decreased during peak thermogenesis and constitute the energy source for this process. The distal portion of the synandria exhibited cells with cytoplasm rich in mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles. In addition to being fundamental in the process of thermogenesis, mitochondria, in association with plastids, plays a key role in the biosynthesis of some components of the floral bouquet, primarily terpenes. The cell structure, combined with active exudate production and pronounced thermogenesis in the fertile staminate portion, strongly supports its role as the primary site of floral fragrance emission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152851"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Floral nectaries in Spathicarpa hastifolia (Araceae: Spathicarpeae): insights from ultrastructure and biology of the secretory process 天南星科Spathicarpa hastifolia的花蜜：分泌过程的超微结构和生物学观察

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Flora Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152850

Elder Antônio Sousa Paiva , Marc Gibernau , Carlos Gabriel Pereira-Silva , Artur Campos Dália Maia , Eduardo Gomes Gonçalves , Igor Ballego-Campos

{"title":"Floral nectaries in Spathicarpa hastifolia (Araceae: Spathicarpeae): insights from ultrastructure and biology of the secretory process","authors":"Elder Antônio Sousa Paiva , Marc Gibernau , Carlos Gabriel Pereira-Silva , Artur Campos Dália Maia , Eduardo Gomes Gonçalves , Igor Ballego-Campos","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Neotropical tribe Spathicarpeae (Araceae) exhibits unique floral traits, among which staminodes seem to be crucial for reproductive biology in most of its genera. Given the existing gap in the literature on pollination ecology, along with the uncertainties regarding nectar secretion, we studied <em>Spathicarpa hastifolia</em> to describe staminode ultrastructure, investigate secretory processes, and characterize the composition of exudates sought by floral visitors. Flower buds and flowers in different anthesis phases were collected, fixed, and processed for light and electron microscopy. Flowers of <em>S. hastifolia</em> lack a perianth and comprise a gynoecium surrounded by staminodes. Staminodes exude a hyaline fluid during the pistillate and staminate phases of anthesis, attracting floral visitors like cockroaches, ants, and sap beetles. The staminodes are slightly globose, vascularized, and covered by a uniseriate epidermis with widespread stomata that are mostly open pores. The ground tissue is a starch-rich parenchyma whose starch content varies throughout the day due to synthesis and hydrolysis cycles. Chemical analyses showed that staminode exudates constitute sucrose-rich nectar. On the other hand, the fused stamens or synandria exude tiny drops of liquid from their tops, sometimes containing sugars, but in too low concentration to be qualified as nectar. The structure of the secretory cells of staminodes, both from the epidermis and parenchyma, was shown to be compatible with nectar synthesis. Mitochondria, plastids, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and vacuoles prevail in these cells. Altogether, our results show that the staminodes of <em>S. hastifolia</em> are floral nectaries whose secretory activity extends throughout the entire period of anthesis and mediates interactions with potential pollinators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reproductive success over Calliandra fasciculata Benth. floral anthesis: evidence of adaptive generalization 黄花菜的繁殖成功。花开花：适应性泛化的证据

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Flora Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152852

Rodrigo Santiago , Pedro J. Bergamo , Vinícius L.G. Brito , Marsal D. Amorim , Lucas B. Castro , Sabrina A. Lopes , Cinthia S. Novaes , Larissa C. Mendes , Gizele C.A. Silva , Danila M. Silva , Ilmara A.O. Ferreira , Bernardo O. Dias , Leidy K.G. Cunha , Matheus A. Pacheco , André R. Rech

{"title":"Reproductive success over Calliandra fasciculata Benth. floral anthesis: evidence of adaptive generalization","authors":"Rodrigo Santiago , Pedro J. Bergamo , Vinícius L.G. Brito , Marsal D. Amorim , Lucas B. Castro , Sabrina A. Lopes , Cinthia S. Novaes , Larissa C. Mendes , Gizele C.A. Silva , Danila M. Silva , Ilmara A.O. Ferreira , Bernardo O. Dias , Leidy K.G. Cunha , Matheus A. Pacheco , André R. Rech","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interactions between plants and pollinators are shaped by floral traits, and the combination of these characteristics determines the level of specialization in pollination systems. Plants with generalist systems are expected to exhibit less restrictive traits and receive similar contributions from different visitors to their reproduction. For instance, greater floral longevity may enhance pollination by a wider range of visitors, leading to generalization. In this study, we investigated the pollination dynamics (floral visitors, changes in traits, reproductive success) along the floral longevity of <em>Calliandra fasciculata</em> in the Brazilian <em>Campos Rupestres</em> (rocky outcrops). The species has brush-shaped flowers, produces nectar, and changes color during anthesis. It was visited by hummingbirds and bees during the day, and by bats and hawkmoths at night. Flower color and nectar secretion changed synchronously during anthesis. High nectar production at night, when flowers are white and absorb UV, led to a higher frequency of visits than during the day. However, polyad removal and deposition on stigmas remained high throughout the floral lifespan, indicating that both diurnal and nocturnal pollinators contribute to pollination. Yet, fruit and seed production were consistently low, suggesting nutritional limitation. Our results indicate that extended floral longevity is associated with increased generalization in the pollination system of <em>C. fasciculata</em>. The comparable contribution of day and night pollinators suggests adaptive generalization, in which floral traits are linked to broader visitor diversity and enhanced reproductive success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 152852"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145278069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relevance of leaflet morphoanatomical characters in the taxonomy and ecology of seven species of the genus Mimosa (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimoseae) 含羞草属（豆科，含羞草科，含羞草科）7种含羞草属植物小叶形态解剖学特征与分类生态学的相关性

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Flora Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152849

Manuel Alberto Ayala-Ramos , Susana Adriana Montaño-Arias , Teresa Terrazas , Rosaura Grether

{"title":"Relevance of leaflet morphoanatomical characters in the taxonomy and ecology of seven species of the genus Mimosa (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimoseae)","authors":"Manuel Alberto Ayala-Ramos , Susana Adriana Montaño-Arias , Teresa Terrazas , Rosaura Grether","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Mimosa</em> is complex; it is distributed in a wide variety of habitats, and the delimitation of several of its species remains problematic. To date, leaflet morphoanatomy has not been explored in most of its species, despite the fact that such exploration would not only make it possible for the species to be distinguished but also provide information about the environment. It was for these reasons that the taxonomical and ecological implications of the morphoanatomical characters of seven <em>Mimosa</em> species’ leaflets were determined. The architecture and anatomy of three leaflets were observed in three individuals per species. Interspecific differences were evaluated through analysis of variance. Similarity analysis and a non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis were performed. Traits showed associations with several environmental variables using canonical correspondence analysis. The characters with specific taxonomic value include primary venation type, stomatal complex type, mesophyll type, presence or absence of twice-branched veinlets, and cuticular folds over the primary vein. The analysis of similarities grouped the species according to the section to which they belong (<em>M</em>. sect. <em>Batocaulon, M.</em> sect. <em>Habbasia</em>, and <em>M</em>. sect. <em>Mimosa</em>). Furthermore, the characters are associated with protection against solar radiation, reduction of water loss, and optimization of water transport and photosynthesis. This study demonstrates that leaflet morphoanatomical characters are important for the resolution of taxonomic problems and can provide insight into the survival strategies employed by <em>Mimosa</em> species, thus pointing the way for future exploration of the topic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152849"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anatomical characterisation of Euphorbia L. taxa from Serbia: implications for taxonomy and identification 塞尔维亚大戟属分类群的解剖特征：分类鉴定意义

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152848

Marina Ž. Jušković, Maja D. Jovanović, Jovana S. Stojanović, Bojan K. Zlatković

{"title":"Anatomical characterisation of Euphorbia L. taxa from Serbia: implications for taxonomy and identification","authors":"Marina Ž. Jušković, Maja D. Jovanović, Jovana S. Stojanović, Bojan K. Zlatković","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the anatomical variability of stem and leaf traits and their taxonomic significance in 11 <em>Euphorbia</em> species and subspecies from Serbia, six of which (<em>E. epithymoides, E. niciciana, E. serpentini, E. spinosa</em> subsp. <em>glabriflora, E. subhastata</em>, and <em>E. thessala</em>) are investigated for the first time. A total of 31 quantitative anatomical characters were measured and analysed using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. Key differentiating traits included stem diameter, stem collenchyma thickness, cortex parenchyma thickness, xylem thickness, width of stomata on the adaxial side, and stomatal surface area on the abaxial side. The findings underscore the diagnostic value of quantitative anatomical traits for taxa identification. Additionally, qualitative traits - particularly epidermal features such as indumentum, cell wall patterns, and stomatal types - further aid in taxa differentiation. This study provides the first comprehensive anatomical analysis of stems and leaves for most of the taxa examined, enhancing the understanding of <em>Euphorbia</em> variability patterns. It supports more precise taxa delimitation within the genus and establishes a foundation for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152848"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Absorptive and transport roots of two tree species respond differently to soil salinity along soil depth 两种树种的吸收根和运输根对土壤盐度的响应不同

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152847

Yan Wang , Xiaohui Guo , Qiulin Bi , Wen Zhou , Hongxi Yao , Jiacun Gu , Yanping Wang

{"title":"Absorptive and transport roots of two tree species respond differently to soil salinity along soil depth","authors":"Yan Wang , Xiaohui Guo , Qiulin Bi , Wen Zhou , Hongxi Yao , Jiacun Gu , Yanping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salinization is one of the factors seriously affecting the stability of forest ecosystems in coastal areas worldwide, which limits root growth and has adverse effects on forest development. Fine roots of woody plants can be divided into absorptive and transport roots; however, their responses to salinization along soil layers and the potential adaptation mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, absorptive and transport roots of <em>Styphnolobium japonicum</em> (L.) Schott and <em>Robinia pseudoacacia</em> L. in Yellow River Delta were collected in different soil layers, and their functional trait variations were analyzed, respectively. Absorptive roots exhibited greater respiration rates (RR), specific root length and area (SRL and SRA), nitrogen content, but lower root diameter (RD), tissue density (RTD), and dry matter contents than transport roots. Generally, compared with non-salinized roots, salinized absorptive roots had higher RR, lower SRL and SRA, while transport roots were relatively conservative. <em>Robinia pseudoacacia</em> was more sensitive to soil salinization than <em>S. japonicum</em>. Additionally, with the increase of soil depth in both sites, greater responses of SRL, RR, and nitrogen content were found in absorptive roots, whereas larger changes of RD and RTD in transport roots. These results highlight that the acquisitive strategy of absorptive roots, rather than the conservative strategy of transport roots, facilitates resource acquisition in responding to soil salinity. Our findings also imply the importance of applying root functional-based classification in the ecological progress for understanding the root resource foraging strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152847"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of the velamen water saturation on the photosynthetic performance of Vanda hybrid (Orchidaceae), a species with conspicuous pneumathodes 叶片含水饱和度对兰科万达杂交种光合性能的影响

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152846

Gisely de Souza Santos, Jessica Ferreira de Lima, Ana Silvia Franco Pinheiro Moreira

{"title":"Effects of the velamen water saturation on the photosynthetic performance of Vanda hybrid (Orchidaceae), a species with conspicuous pneumathodes","authors":"Gisely de Souza Santos, Jessica Ferreira de Lima, Ana Silvia Franco Pinheiro Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anatomical and physiological characteristics in orchids efficiently optimize the acquisition and use of water, such as the velamen in the roots, and the expression of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). However, the water saturation of the velamen may generate hypoxic conditions, which the presence of pneumathodes may reduce. The present study aimed to analyze the tolerance of the epiphyte <em>Vanda</em> hybrid subjected to water saturation, determining whether the velamen water saturation leads to root oxidative stress with a systemic effect on plant metabolism, and discussing the role of pneumathodes in root aeration. Five individuals were used as controls, and five were subjected to root system submersion for 120 h (time intervals: 0, 24, 72, and 120 h after submersion). Fragments of leaves and roots were used to obtain the specific mass and the relative water content, and to quantify the diurnal organic acid changes, the contents of chloroplast pigments, and chlorophyll <em>a</em> fluorescence. Histochemical analyses were performed to detect oxidative stress in the roots. The initial submersion of the roots led to plant hydration and increased CAM expression and photochemical quantum yield by leaves. Pneumathodes remained white throughout the experiment, but the submerged roots exhibited higher oxidative stress than those of control plants after 120 h of submersion. In addition to the connection between the root cortex and the external environment, the air pockets formed by pneumathode cells and the O<sub>2</sub> product of photosynthetic metabolism can reduce or at least delay the effects generated by water saturation conditions at the root.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152846"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do stem functional traits determine the phenology of tree species in semiarid highland forest, Brazil? 茎功能性状是否决定了巴西半干旱高原森林树种的物候？

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152845

Isnaiane Maria de Azevedo de Sousa Lima , Angela Lucena Nascimento de Jesus , Cintia Amando , Nielson Dinivan da Silva Brito , Marcia Nunes de Melo Santos , Maria Jesus Nogueira Rodal , Renata Akemi Shinozaki-Mendes , André Laurênio de Melo , André Luiz Alves de Lima

{"title":"Do stem functional traits determine the phenology of tree species in semiarid highland forest, Brazil?","authors":"Isnaiane Maria de Azevedo de Sousa Lima , Angela Lucena Nascimento de Jesus , Cintia Amando , Nielson Dinivan da Silva Brito , Marcia Nunes de Melo Santos , Maria Jesus Nogueira Rodal , Renata Akemi Shinozaki-Mendes , André Laurênio de Melo , André Luiz Alves de Lima","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phenology of tree species in tropical forests is better understood when both environmental factors and functional traits of plants are analyzed. However, the relation between phenology and functional traits is still poorly explored, especially in forest ecosystems. This study analyzed the relation between phenology, wood density (WD) and wood water storage capacity (Qwsat) of 21 tree species from highland forest, montane wetland in the semiarid region of Brazil, as well as their relation with environmental factors. Most species are semideciduous (43 %) or evergreen (43 %), while only three (14 %) are deciduous. Many species (86 %) have shown WD between 0.52 and 0.62 g/cm³, with low Qwsat, while only three species (14 %) have presented lower wood density (0.38–0.48 g/cm³), with higher Qwsat in their stems (105–157 % of dry mass). Leaf budding was positively influenced by rainfall. Leaf fall was the phenophase affected by the greatest number of variables, showing negative relationships with both humidity and wood density. Additionally, evergreen species exhibited a 22.4 % lower leaf fall rate compared to the other groups. These results indicate that stem functional traits were not relevant to explain the phenology of plant species in this environment, but that budding and leaf fall have a great contribution to understanding the functioning and distribution of functional groups in an upland forests. These results reveal that, unlike the surrounding Caatinga vegetation, in the highland forest the stem functional traits were not good indicators of plant functioning, but leaf traits are of great relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152845"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soil microbiota and native neighbor identity affect invasive plant competitiveness 土壤微生物群和原生邻居身份影响入侵植物的竞争力

IF 1.8 4区生物学

Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152844

Lei Wang, Dingding Feng, Ruonan Zhang, Ailing Wang, Hongbo Tang, Jie Sun, Xianqin Wei, Weibin Ruan

{"title":"Soil microbiota and native neighbor identity affect invasive plant competitiveness","authors":"Lei Wang, Dingding Feng, Ruonan Zhang, Ailing Wang, Hongbo Tang, Jie Sun, Xianqin Wei, Weibin Ruan","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Invasive plants often compete with diverse native species, thereby altering native ecosystem structure and function. Soil microbiota can further influence invasion outcomes through their effects on plant performance, yet it remains unclear how soil microbiota and native neighbor identity jointly shape these competitive dynamics. Here, we used natural and sterilized soil to separate biotic from abiotic effects and examined competition between the invasive <em>Alternanthera philoxeroides</em> (Amaranthaceae) and two native species, <em>Bidens bipinnata</em> (Asteraceae) and <em>Setaria viridis</em> (Poaceae), in a common garden experiment. We assessed plant performance and their interaction relationship under different soil treatment. Soil microbiota removal reduced the invader’s total biomass when competing with <em>S. viridis</em>, and its biomass was lower with <em>S. viridis</em> than when grown alone or with <em>B. bipinnata</em> in sterilized soil. Competition with either native species increased the invader’s root-shoot ratio regardless of soil treatment, while sterilization enhanced its specific leaf area under competition. Moreover, both soil microbiota and neighbor identity influenced interaction relationship and competition intensity of the invader. Natural soil weakened the competition interaction and reduced the competition intensity between invasive plant and <em>S. viridis</em>, but not with <em>B. bipinnata</em>. For the native species, <em>S. viridis</em> showed increased shoot biomass, total biomass, and root-shoot ratio when competing with invader, while <em>B. bipinnata</em> showed no significant response. Overall, our findings demonstrate that soil microbiota and neighbor identity jointly regulate the competitive ability of invasive plants, underscoring their importance in shaping invasion outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152844"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0