Flora最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Variation in leaf gall pigmentation in Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Euphorbiaceae) and its associations with structural host traits 木薯(Manihot esculenta, Euphorbiaceae)叶片胆色素沉着的变异及其与寄主结构性状的关系
IF 1.8 4区 生物学
Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152842
Vinícius Coelho Kuster , Daniela Maria Wickert , Ana Paula de Souza , Nathalia Assis Coimbra , Denis Coelho de Oliveira
{"title":"Variation in leaf gall pigmentation in Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Euphorbiaceae) and its associations with structural host traits","authors":"Vinícius Coelho Kuster ,&nbsp;Daniela Maria Wickert ,&nbsp;Ana Paula de Souza ,&nbsp;Nathalia Assis Coimbra ,&nbsp;Denis Coelho de Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cassava (<em>Manihot esculenta</em>, Euphorbiaceae) hosts various gall-inducing organisms, such as <em>Iatrophobia brasiliensis</em> (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera), which induce both white‒green and purple-leaf galls. In this study, we aimed to understand the relationship between gall structure and histochemistry with the occurrence of purple coloration in galls. Therefore, nongalled leaves of the 3rd node (<em>n</em> = 5) and mature white–green and purple galls (<em>n</em> = 5 each) were collected. Fragments of the median region of leaves (petiole and leaf blade) and of the galls were evaluated fresh and/or included in Historesin. Starch, reducing sugars, lipids, proteins, phenolics and alkaloids were histochemically evaluated in the galls. The galls assume the same pigmentation from petioles (white‒green or purple) of each <em>M. esculenta</em> individual, which are the mandatory intraspecific traits that determine its variation. Both white–green and purple galls have a uniseriate epidermis, with a thin cuticle and visually rare stomata. The cortex is exclusively parenchymatic and comprises an outer and inner cortex. The vascular bundles are collateral. The purple galls have subepidermal layers containing larger cells that act as sites for pigment accumulation alongside the epidermis. The occurrence of reducing sugars in the outer cortex was exclusive to purple galls, same for proteins and alkaloids in vascular bundles for white–green galls. The purple phenomenon of <em>M. esculenta</em> galls appears to be related to intraspecific variations in the plant species, resulting from a metabolic continuum with the petiole. Anthocyanin production seems to be sustained by the influx of sugars into the outer cortex of purple galls.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152842"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Leaf morphoanatomical diversity of representative gypsophyte angiosperm lineages from the Chihuahuan Desert 奇瓦瓦沙漠具代表性的石膏属被子植物系叶片形态解剖多样性
IF 1.8 4区 生物学
Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152843
Manuel Alberto Ayala-Ramos , Teresa Terrazas , Rosaura Grether , Hilda Flores-Olvera
{"title":"Leaf morphoanatomical diversity of representative gypsophyte angiosperm lineages from the Chihuahuan Desert","authors":"Manuel Alberto Ayala-Ramos ,&nbsp;Teresa Terrazas ,&nbsp;Rosaura Grether ,&nbsp;Hilda Flores-Olvera","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gypsophytes living in soils high in gypsum, which affects water availability and physiological processes, exhibit a range of foliar strategies to deal with excess Ca and S. These include xeromorphy, succulence, accumulation of large amounts of Ca, S, Mg, and gypsum, as well as calcium-secreting glands. Due to the great richness of species in the gypsum soils of the Chihuahuan Desert and the surrounding areas of the Sierra Madre Oriental, as to which species there is little knowledge of leaf anatomy, the aim of this contribution was to determine the morphological and anatomical diversity of gypsophyte species of various genera covering representative angiosperm lineages and compare this diversity with that of gypsovag or gypsophobe species of those genera from the surrounding areas. The study was conducted in cross-sections and paradermal sections of field-fixed leaves from 48 species of 29 genera belonging to 21 families within 14 orders. We generated comparative tables based on 41 characters among taxonomic groups and among gypsophytes, gypsovags, and gypsophobes. The results show remarkable morphoanatomical diversity among the studied genera and the three groups without statistical differences. The observed xeromorphic characteristics—namely, thickened cuticles and outer periclinal walls, sunken stomata, the presence of trichomes, well-developed palisade tissue, and sheath extensions—are consistent with those reported in species that inhabit nutrient-poor soils with low water availability and high levels of incident light, characteristics of the arid region in which these plants live. Original findings such as the detection of less-reported traits (e.g., vessels arranged in radial rows, gelatinous fibers) and the leaf anatomy for many species studied for the first time, contribute to anatomical knowledge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Solanum sanctae-catharinae Dunal, a new study of the morpho-anatomy and micromorphology of the leaf and stem 龙葵(Solanum sanctakaarinae Dunal),叶片和茎的形态解剖学和显微形态学的新研究
IF 1.8 4区 生物学
Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152841
Leandro Taborda da Rocha , Lorene Armstrong , Cintia Aparecida dos Anjos , Karine Amorim Fladzinski , Juliana de Fátima Garcia , Marco Franceschi , Deise Prehs Montrucchio , Josiane de Fátima Gaspari Dias , Marilis Dallarmi Miguel , Obdulio Gomes Miguel
{"title":"Solanum sanctae-catharinae Dunal, a new study of the morpho-anatomy and micromorphology of the leaf and stem","authors":"Leandro Taborda da Rocha ,&nbsp;Lorene Armstrong ,&nbsp;Cintia Aparecida dos Anjos ,&nbsp;Karine Amorim Fladzinski ,&nbsp;Juliana de Fátima Garcia ,&nbsp;Marco Franceschi ,&nbsp;Deise Prehs Montrucchio ,&nbsp;Josiane de Fátima Gaspari Dias ,&nbsp;Marilis Dallarmi Miguel ,&nbsp;Obdulio Gomes Miguel","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Solanum</em> is considered cosmopolitan due to its worldwide distribution. The species <em>Solanum sanctae-catharinae</em> Dunal (“<em>joá-manso</em>”, “<em>canema</em>”) is a native species which is found in the south and southeast regions of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. This study aimed to describe leaf and stem morpho-anatomy of the species and determine its morphological singularities, and to identify qualitatively the metabolites of <em>S. sanctae-catharinae</em> through histochemical tests. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) were used to analyze the micromorphology and composition of crystals. Findings in this species, such as hypostomatic leaf and anomocytic stomata, striate cuticle, dorsiventral mesophyll, bicolateral vascular bundle, stellate trichomes in the leaf and stem are reported. With regard to sand crystals in all the structures analyzed, a platy aggregate and magnesium crystals are detected in the petiole. The presence of starch grains, lipid substances and lignin, were reported. These relevant characteristics help in the identification of <em>S. sanctae-catharinae</em>. These were compared with several species of the genus to highlight the main similarities and differences between them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152841"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does seed morphology affect seedling emergence in Amazonian forest species? 种子形态是否影响亚马逊森林物种的幼苗出苗?
IF 1.8 4区 生物学
Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152840
Ayla Yanne Gomes Pinheiro , Graciliano Galdino Alves dos Santos , Evandro Ferreira da Silva , Fabio Miranda Leão , Emil José Hernández-Ruz
{"title":"Does seed morphology affect seedling emergence in Amazonian forest species?","authors":"Ayla Yanne Gomes Pinheiro ,&nbsp;Graciliano Galdino Alves dos Santos ,&nbsp;Evandro Ferreira da Silva ,&nbsp;Fabio Miranda Leão ,&nbsp;Emil José Hernández-Ruz","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Morphological and morphometric knowledge, as well as assessments of fruit and seed quality and vigor, are crucial for the large-scale production of seedlings of Amazonian species. This study aimed to describe the morphometric characteristics of seeds from six forest species collected in the Volta Grande do Xingu region and to evaluate the effects of fruit morphology (fleshy vs. dry) and pre-hydration on seedling emergence. It also examined the relationship with the Emergence Speed Index (ESI), Mean Emergence Time (MET), and Emergence Percentage (EP). Fleshy fruits were defined as those with nutritional reserves in the mesocarp (<em>Psidium densicomum</em> Mart. ex DC., <em>Virola surinamensis</em> Warb<em>., Genipa americana</em> L<em>.</em>), while dry fruits lack a succulent pericarp (<em>Hevea brasiliensis</em> Willd. ex A. Juss., <em>Carapa guianensis</em> Aubl., <em>Campsiandra laurifolia</em> Benth.). A completely randomized design was adopted, with four replicates of 20 seeds each. The treatments applied were (1) hydration and (2) control (no hydration). Fruit morphology did not influence seed emergence indices. However, hydration for 24 hours resulted in a shorter MET and a higher ESI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152840"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interplay of ant defense and leaf functional traits determine herbivory and fluctuating asymmetry during ontogeny of a myrmecophytic tropical plant 蚂蚁防御和叶片功能性状的相互作用决定了一种桃生热带植物在个体发育过程中的食草性和波动性不对称性
IF 1.8 4区 生物学
Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152839
Joan Sebastian Aguilar-Peralta , Marcela Sofía Vaca-Sánchez , Yurixhi Maldonado-López , Mário M. Espírito-Santo , Ken Oyama , Maurício L. Faria , Magno Augusto Zazá Borges , Marcílio Fagundes , G. Wilson Fernandes , Jean Carlos Santos , Pablo Cuevas-Reyes
{"title":"Interplay of ant defense and leaf functional traits determine herbivory and fluctuating asymmetry during ontogeny of a myrmecophytic tropical plant","authors":"Joan Sebastian Aguilar-Peralta ,&nbsp;Marcela Sofía Vaca-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Yurixhi Maldonado-López ,&nbsp;Mário M. Espírito-Santo ,&nbsp;Ken Oyama ,&nbsp;Maurício L. Faria ,&nbsp;Magno Augusto Zazá Borges ,&nbsp;Marcílio Fagundes ,&nbsp;G. Wilson Fernandes ,&nbsp;Jean Carlos Santos ,&nbsp;Pablo Cuevas-Reyes","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tree ontogeny leads to changes in life history traits due to reproduction costs. Understanding the ecological mechanisms influencing biotic interactions is crucial, considering the relationship between functional traits in the leaf economic spectrum with herbivory along plant ontogeny. We investigated ontogenetic variation on leaf functional traits of ant-plant mutualistic interactions in the myrmecophyte Cordia alliodora and their consequences for leaf herbivory and fluctuating asymmetry. We sampled leaves of 25 juvenile and 25 mature trees to determine eight leaf functional traits, leaf herbivory and fluctuating asymmetry. We also determined domatia and ant number to evaluate ant-defense. All leaf functional traits differed from juvenile to mature trees, supporting change from an acquisitive to a conservative strategy in resource use along the continuum of leaf economic spectrum. Juvenile trees hosted more worker ants, while mature trees had higher herbivory and fluctuating asymmetry. Leaf herbivory was negatively influenced by ant defense, reinforcing the importance of ant-plant interactions, as well as positively related to defensive traits (leaf density and dry matter content) and fluctuating asymmetry, but negatively with the specific leaf area. Conservative traits were not linked to leaf herbivory. Instead, C. alliodora allocates higher resources to ant defense in juvenile trees. Fluctuating asymmetry was positively associated with leaf herbivory in juvenile and mature trees, remarking that fluctuating asymmetry is a valuable biomarker of plant-stressors. Predictions related to leaf herbivory and fluctuating asymmetry should consider complex biotic interactions, including myrmecophily, and life history trade-offs arising from defensive investment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152839"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phytotoxic effects of nano- and bulk-form of CdO on photosynthetic apparatus of Hordeum vulgare 纳米型和体积型CdO对普通Hordeum光合机构的植物毒性效应
IF 1.8 4区 生物学
Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152838
Kirill Azarin , Alexander Usatov , Tatiana Minkina , Nadezhda Duplii , Ilya Alliluyev , Aleksei Fedorenko , Natalia Chernikova , Ritu Rani , Saglara Mandzhieva , Vishnu D. Rajput
{"title":"Phytotoxic effects of nano- and bulk-form of CdO on photosynthetic apparatus of Hordeum vulgare","authors":"Kirill Azarin ,&nbsp;Alexander Usatov ,&nbsp;Tatiana Minkina ,&nbsp;Nadezhda Duplii ,&nbsp;Ilya Alliluyev ,&nbsp;Aleksei Fedorenko ,&nbsp;Natalia Chernikova ,&nbsp;Ritu Rani ,&nbsp;Saglara Mandzhieva ,&nbsp;Vishnu D. Rajput","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The toxic effects of nano- and macro-dispersed forms of CdO on the photosynthetic apparatus of <em>Hordeum vulgare</em> L. seedlings have been studied. The application of nano-CdO reduced the concentration of chlorophylls and carotenoids, while bulk-CdO did not cause significant changes. At the same time, the level of the chlorophyll precursor, 5-aminolevulinic acid, increased by 31% to 57% compared to control in all studied treatments. Ultrastructural studies of chloroplasts revealed a decrease in their size and disruption of the ordered thylakoid organization under the influence of bulk- and nano-CdO. Expression analysis of key genes of the photosynthetic electron transport chain showed a rise in expression under low pollutant concentrations and a decline under high concentrations. Nevertheless, the photochemical activity in the seedlings tended to decrease in a dose-dependent manner. Under the influence of high concentrations of nano-CdO, there was more than 2-fold increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of fluorescence. Moreover, both high and low doses of the studied compounds suppressed the expression of ATP synthase genes, and genes of the Calvin-Benson cycle enzymes. At the same time, upregulation of genes of the pentose phosphate pathway and terminal oxidase was observed, indicating the activation of protective mechanisms amid decreased photosynthesis efficiency. The suppression of photosynthesis was reflected in the levels of non-structural carbohydrates, which were reduced in all treatments. The research results emphasize the need to assess the long-term effects of the heavy metal nanoparticles on photosynthesis and plant productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152838"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A medicinal plant highly stable for survival under climate change due to UV buffering–Chrysanthemum indicum L. future adaptation analysis 一种因紫外线缓冲而在气候变化下高度稳定生存的药用植物——菊花未来适应性分析
IF 1.8 4区 生物学
Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152828
Tingting Xie, Hongzhuan Shi, Qiaosheng Guo, Tao Wang, Qingjun Zou, Min Wei, Chang Liu, Jianmin Huang, Yong Su, Chenlu Yang
{"title":"A medicinal plant highly stable for survival under climate change due to UV buffering–Chrysanthemum indicum L. future adaptation analysis","authors":"Tingting Xie,&nbsp;Hongzhuan Shi,&nbsp;Qiaosheng Guo,&nbsp;Tao Wang,&nbsp;Qingjun Zou,&nbsp;Min Wei,&nbsp;Chang Liu,&nbsp;Jianmin Huang,&nbsp;Yong Su,&nbsp;Chenlu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clarifying the appropriate distribution range of species is a fundamental task in addressing the effects of climate change. Herbal medicine is an important part of China's traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) system, and among them, <em>Chrysanthemum indicum</em> L. (<em>C. indicum</em>) is a vital medicinal plant facing growing demand driven by climate change and economic influences. Consequently, it is crucial to properly assess how <em>C. indicum</em> responds to the continuously changing climate and explore its survival stability. In this study, the MaxEnt model was employed to simulate the shifts in suitable habitats for the species of <em>C. indicum</em> in China from the present to the 2100s under two scenarios, a low forcing scenario (SSP1–2.6) as well as a high forcing scenario (SSP5–8.5), on the basis of environmental factors including climate, soil, and topography, and quantified the potential changes in the suitable areas. The results demonstrated that under current climate conditions, the suitable areas for <em>C. indicum</em> are concentrated in the Yangtze River Basin and areas south of the Yangtze River in China, the most suitable habitat was identified in Hubei Province, and this distribution is projected to remain largely stable over an extended period in the future. Seasonal ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB2) was identified as the most influential environmental factor. In addition, the “UV-B buffer hypothesis” was proposed, suggesting that when UV-B radiation serves as a key limiting factor, species distribution can remain stable despite climate warming. Taken together, the findings offer insights into the production and future conservation planning of <em>C. indicum</em>, and provide a roadmap for the preservation of other UV-B-dependent species in a changing world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152828"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Leaf anatomy of five epiphytic Bulbophyllum Thouars (Orchidaceae) species from the Cerrado of southeastern Brazil: adaptive strategies and taxonomic value 巴西东南部塞拉多五种附生球叶的叶片解剖:适应策略和分类价值
IF 1.8 4区 生物学
Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152831
Paula Alves e Silva , Ana Carolina Couto da Silva , Hugo Humberto de Araújo , Reinaldo Alves de Castro , Silvana da Costa Ferreira , Luiz Menini Neto , Jaqueline Dias-Pereira
{"title":"Leaf anatomy of five epiphytic Bulbophyllum Thouars (Orchidaceae) species from the Cerrado of southeastern Brazil: adaptive strategies and taxonomic value","authors":"Paula Alves e Silva ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Couto da Silva ,&nbsp;Hugo Humberto de Araújo ,&nbsp;Reinaldo Alves de Castro ,&nbsp;Silvana da Costa Ferreira ,&nbsp;Luiz Menini Neto ,&nbsp;Jaqueline Dias-Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The epiphytic habit is predominant in <em>Bulbophyllum</em>. Anatomical studies can elucidate the adaptive strategies of epiphytic species under extreme environmental conditions such as high temperatures and water scarcity. We aimed to: (i) characterize the leaf anatomy of five species of <em>Bulbophyllum: Bulbophyllum chloroglossum</em> Rchb.f. &amp; Warm., <em>B. epiphytum</em> Barb.Rodr., <em>B. exaltatum</em> Lindl., <em>B. gladiatum</em> Lindl., and <em>B. plumosum</em> Barb.Rodr., to identify the adaptive responses to the epiphytic habit; (ii) investigate the presence of anatomical characters useful for the taxonomy of the group. Individuals of the studied species were collected at different heights on the phorophyte whenever possible. The leaves were processed for structural characterization by light microscopy, micromorphometry, and calculation of stomatal index. All species have unistratified epidermis with thick external periclinal walls and hypostomatic leaves with tetracytic stomata. The mesophyll contains hydrenchyma with sclereids and calcium oxalate crystals. The vascular bundles are collateral and surrounded by fibers. The individual of <em>B. chloroglossum</em> collected at the highest height on the phorophyte has a thicker leaf blade compared to the individual collected at a lower height. However, the individuals of <em>B. exaltatum</em> and <em>B. gladiatum</em> had a thicker leaf blade, even at a lower height. Significant differences in the stomatal index occur between <em>B. chloroglossum</em> and <em>B. plumosum</em>. All species of <em>Bulbophyllum</em> possess anatomical adaptive strategies, such as the thick outer periclinal wall of epidermal cells, hydrenchyma, hypostomatic leaf, and crystals along the leaf blade. We identified distinctive anatomical characters among the species, allowing the elaboration of an identification key.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152831"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phenology, floral biology, morphology and hawkmoth pollination of Calliandra magdalenae (Fabaceae) in modified landscapes of the Soconusco region, Mexico 墨西哥Soconusco地区改良景观中Calliandra magdalenae (Fabaceae)的物候、花生物学、形态和飞蛾传粉
IF 1.8 4区 生物学
Flora Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152829
Karen Beatriz Hernández-Esquivel , Lourdes Aideé Jiménez-Aparicio , Angel Gabriel Vazquez-Calvo , Anne Damon
{"title":"Phenology, floral biology, morphology and hawkmoth pollination of Calliandra magdalenae (Fabaceae) in modified landscapes of the Soconusco region, Mexico","authors":"Karen Beatriz Hernández-Esquivel ,&nbsp;Lourdes Aideé Jiménez-Aparicio ,&nbsp;Angel Gabriel Vazquez-Calvo ,&nbsp;Anne Damon","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the recognized importance of nocturnal pollinators, studies focusing on nocturnally pollinated plants remain limited. <em>Calliandra magdalenae</em> (Fabaceae) is a species that exhibits floral morphology adapted to hawkmoths. The principal aim of this study was to determine the phenological patterns, whether the species reproduces in rural environments, and how climatic conditions influence their floral growth. For two years, the reproductive phenology of <em>C. magdalenae</em> was studied. Flower morphology was assessed using both univariate and multivariate analyses. Floral biology and environmental variables were monitored over 27 days, and their relationships were analyzed. Nocturnal pollinator observations were carried out over five nights. The phenology of <em>C. magdalenae</em> is synchronous among individuals and consists of extended flowering during the wet season and a fruiting period during the dry season. Two distinct floral morphs were documented based on the staminal tube lengths. Increased light is positively correlated with floral bud production, while higher humidity favored floral anthesis. The species exhibits low fruit set rates, possibly due to the low pollination visitation rates and habitat fragmentation. Four hawkmoth species were identified as principal pollinators, each with specific visitation behaviors. Utilizing different pollinators can enhance pollen dispersal. This study demonstrates that plants living in modified landscapes utilize complex strategies to sustain their reproduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 152829"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prediction of suitable areas for Prunus serrulata Lindl. in the context of future climate change 山李适宜种植面积的预测。在未来气候变化的背景下
IF 1.8 4区 生物学
Flora Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2025.152827
Mengting He , Jiayiming Wang , Chunying Long , Zhiyi Zou , Ninghui Pan , Lihan Huang
{"title":"Prediction of suitable areas for Prunus serrulata Lindl. in the context of future climate change","authors":"Mengting He ,&nbsp;Jiayiming Wang ,&nbsp;Chunying Long ,&nbsp;Zhiyi Zou ,&nbsp;Ninghui Pan ,&nbsp;Lihan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global climate change profoundly reshapes species distribution patterns. <em>Prunus serrulata</em> Lindl., a critically important ornamental species in China with high economic and aesthetic value, serves as an ideal model to assess such impacts. Species distribution modeling has become a key tool to evaluate the potential distribution of species under climate change. Here, using the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model validated by a high AUC value (0.938), we integrated 127 occurrence records and 13 environmental variables to project its current and future distribution under four CMIP6 scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, SSP585). The results showed that the five factors of driest monthly precipitation (Bio14, 32.5 % contribution), wettest monthly precipitation (Bio13, 18.4 %), coldest monthly minimum temperature (Bio6, 18.2 %), elevation (elev, 13.1 %), and isothermality (Bio3, 3.9 %) were the dominant factors affecting the distribution of <em>P. serrulata</em>. Currently, high-suitability areas (526,500 km², 5 % of China) are concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Future projections indicate a 5–15 % expansion of high-suitability areas by 2041–2060, peaking under SSP585 scenario, while the distribution centroids shift northeastward by 220–300 km, suggesting potential relocation of the cultivation zone. This method provides a scientific basis for introducing and preserving germplasm, cultivating <em>P. serrulata</em>, optimizing bud dormancy garden layouts, enhancing the ecological benefits of urban vegetation, and increasing the aesthetic appeal of ornamental features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"331 ","pages":"Article 152827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信