Geomorphology最新文献

{"title":"Tectonic and climatic controls on the regionally anomalous geomorphic character and behaviour of the Upper Mōtū River, Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Jacqui McCord ,&nbsp;Gary Brierley ,&nbsp;Jon Tunnicliffe ,&nbsp;Ian Fuller ,&nbsp;Mike Marden ,&nbsp;Colin Mazengarb","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interpreting patterns of landforms is key to geomorphic understandings of landscapes. This study applies Stage One of the River Styles Framework to describe and explain contemporary river character, behaviour and patterns of river types in the Upper Mōtū Catchment on the East Coast of Aotearoa New Zealand. The Mōtū Catchment is regionally anomalous as it stores large volumes of sediment within a perched drainage basin at high elevations in the landscape. Landscape memory exerts a primary control upon contemporary process interactions in the Upper Mōtū Catchment. Geologic and climatic controls upon landscape configuration determine contemporary sediment sources and connectivity relationships, in turn influencing landscape responses to human disturbance and resulting patterns and rates of sediment flux. Tectonic uplift has shaped the relief and valley configuration while the lithological fabric created structural weakness that the river has exploited to form the current drainage pattern. Significant accommodation space has been created on valley floors in the upper catchment. Quaternary climate change instigated phases of valley floor aggradation and reworking that created a complex sequence of river terraces upstream of a knickpoint (Mōtū Falls) in the upper catchment. Terraces now act as confining margins for the laterally adjusting river. Contemporary headcut incision and channel expansion are the dominant contemporary sediment sources in this river system. In contrast to other river systems in the region where targeted revegetation of hillslopes is the key to process-based restoration programmes, bed control structures and a continuous riparian vegetation corridor are required to address sediment issues in the Upper Mōtū Catchment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"490 ","pages":"Article 110012"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linkages between abundant rockfall and debris-flow activity at Täschgufer, Swiss Alps","authors":"Fumitoshi Imaizumi ,&nbsp;Norikazu Matsuoka ,&nbsp;Yuichi S. Hayakawa ,&nbsp;Dahal Samikshya ,&nbsp;Markus Stoffel","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Debris-flow risks are increasing in many regions worldwide, partly as a result of climate change, posing a significant threat to human lives in mountainous and hillslope environments. An increase in the sediment supply rate in debris-flow initiation zones due to climate warming is one of the key factors controlling debris-flow activity, especially in cold regions. However, the sequential process from bedrock weathering and rockfall activity to moisture variations within unstable sediment and the subsequent occurrence of debris flows remains inadequately understood. This study investigates the climatic controls on rock weathering and subsequent rockfall activity, as well as the spatial distribution and frequency of debris flows, based on integrated field monitoring at Täschgufer (Swiss Alps), a large rockwall-talus slope system within a seasonal frost environment. Multiple mechanisms of crack opening, including increases in hydraulic pressure, heating-cooling cycles, volumetric expansion of crack-filling ice due to freeze-thaw cycles, and ice segregation, were monitored on rockwalls at two different elevations. Rockfall activity exhibited spatial variability, potentially influenced by lithology, crack density, and elevation. Debris-flow frequency was higher in areas with active rockfall. Many debris flows were initiated in sediment deposition areas near rockwalls due to direct water supply from the rockwalls and the rapid replenishment of sediment storage following erosion. Our study suggests that both rising temperatures and changes in rainfall patterns associated with climate change will influence rockfall and debris-flow activity in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"490 ","pages":"Article 110009"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Quaternary glacial history of the Panchachuli Glacier, Darma valley, Uttarakhand, Central Himalaya: Insights from geomorphic mapping and OSL Chronology","authors":"Pinkey Bisht ,&nbsp;S. Nawaz Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reconstructs the late Quaternary glacial history of the Panchachuli (Neola) glacier, Darma Valley in the Central Himalayan region. Detailed geomorphic mapping and Optical Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating of the moraines and associated outwash terraces was carried out to determine the timing of glacial advances and subsequent retreat. Three major glacier advances were identified. The oldest, Panchachuli glacier advance (PGA)-1, is tentatively correlated with Marine Isotope stage (mid MIS 3). PGA-2, dated to ∼19.82 ± 2.41 and 20.97 ± 2.36 ka, coincides with the global Last Glacial Maximum (gLGM; MIS 2). PGA-3, dated to ∼5.16 ± 0.46 and 8.72 ± 1.02 ka, aligns with the early to mid-Holocene (mid-MIS 1). To constrain the deglaciation history, OSL dating was applied to fluvial terrace deposits, revealing distinct phases of glacier retreat. The oldest fluvial sediments date (∼31.61 ± 3.61 ka) suggest deglaciation during the late MIS 3, a period marked by elevated solar insolation and enhanced monsoon activity. Subsequent deglaciation phases (∼14–16 ka) correspond with the Bølling-Allerød warming, while the later phase (∼2.6–2.9 ka) reflects glacier recession during the late Holocene glacier recession. The glaciation pattern in the Central Himalayas underscores the combined influence of temperature and precipitation on glacier behavior. These glacier changes align with regional Himalayan patterns, reflecting a coherent response to climatic fluctuations. While advances during mid-MIS 3 and gLGM suggest synchrony with North Atlantic climate events, the early Holocene advances—despite regional warming, mirror MIS 3 trends, highlighting the complex and non-linear interplay between temperature, moisture and glacier dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"490 ","pages":"Article 110011"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological evolution of the Arctic Tiksi coastline and driving mechanisms","authors":"Jixin Sun ,&nbsp;Ze Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingkai Yan ,&nbsp;Xianglong Li ,&nbsp;Andrei Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengyao Ju ,&nbsp;Xinyue Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Arctic's rapid recent warming has made it a major focus of climate change research and opened new Arctic shipping routes. Coastal areas, especially coastlines, reflect these changes, making their study essential for understanding climate impacts and ecosystem shifts. Nevertheless, despite growing interest in Arctic coastlines, big gaps remain in our grasp of shoreline dynamics—particularly regarding fractal dimension (FD) analysis and in how temperature and sea-ice changes shape them. Using Landsat imagery and GIS, this study charts how coastline length and FD changed around Tiksi, Sakha Republic, Russia, from 1973 to 2023. The research employs time-series analyses, including the Mann-Kendall trend test, Pearson correlation, and Granger causality testing, to explore the relationship between environmental variables such as surface temperature, sea level, and sea ice conditions. The results indicate a consistent increase in coastline length (the total linear extent of the land-sea interface in the study area, rising from 15.62 km to 18.72 km) and in FD (a dimensionless index quantifying shoreline geometric complexity, increasing from 1.01618 to 1.05854) over the 50-year period, with significant human influence observed, especially in the early years. Furthermore, changes in sea surface temperature have shown strong correlations with changes in coastline dynamics. The study underscores the critical role of environmental variables in shaping Arctic coastlines and highlights the unique contribution of FD analysis in understanding the complexities of coastal changes in the Arctic. This research offers valuable insights into Arctic coastal dynamics and contributes to future climate modeling and mitigation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"490 ","pages":"Article 110013"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying deep learning for boat detection and numerical modeling to assess sand mining impacts on river morphology: A case study in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta","authors":"Thi Huong Vu ,&nbsp;Lars Backhaus ,&nbsp;Doan Van Binh ,&nbsp;Sameh Ahmed Kantoush ,&nbsp;Jürgen Stamm","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective management of riverbed sand mining is challenged by the lack of comprehensive data on sand mining volumes and their morphological impacts. This study presents an integrated framework combining deep learning, satellite imagery, and numerical modeling to monitor and assess the impacts of sand mining on river morphology in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. A deep learning model was trained using Sentinel-1 imagery in 2023 to classify three boat types: Barge with Crane (BC), Sand Transport Boat (STB), and others. The model was then applied to detect BCs from 2014 to 2023, and the sand extraction volumes and areas were estimated. Finally, a Delft3D-FLOW model was employed to simulate the impacts of sand mining in the study period. Our deep learning model identified 386 BCs operating on the Bassac River in 2014–2023, with a total of 92.68–137.59 Mm³ of extracted sand, averaging 10.02–14.87 Mm³ annually. The numerical modeling results revealed significant riverbed incision, with a maximum annual net volume loss of −29.48 Mm³/yr and a mean erosion rate of up to −0.82 m/yr. In addition, excessive sand mining formed 23 scour holes with depths up to 11 m and incised the thalweg at rates of up to −1.18 m/yr. Sand mining maximally contributed 41.0–56.4 % of total riverbed incision during 2014–2023. These findings underscore the urgent need for improved sediment management strategies and regulatory frameworks. By providing a comprehensive assessment of sand mining impacts, this study supports the development of sustainable river management strategies in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"490 ","pages":"Article 110010"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Holocene sedimentation and palaeoagronomy in a carbonate dry valley system using OSL, sedaDNA and geochemistry: Implications for understanding anthropogenic slope-sediment transfer in fluvial headwaters","authors":"Ben Pears ,&nbsp;Sam Hudson ,&nbsp;Andreas Lang ,&nbsp;Lisa Snape ,&nbsp;Chiara Bahl ,&nbsp;Marie Føreid Merkel ,&nbsp;Inger Greve Alsos ,&nbsp;Dan Fallu ,&nbsp;Kristof Van Oost ,&nbsp;Pengzhi Zhao ,&nbsp;Kevin Walsh ,&nbsp;Antony Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The understanding of landscape stability and erosional regimes from carbonate geological areas has traditionally been limited to fluvial areas due to the lack of lakes and the predominance of clastic-dominated valley fills. The combination of novel Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating and sediment ancient DNA opens up new possibilities to study these geomorphological, ecological and agrarian changes in clastic‑carbonate landscapes. Here, we use OSL dating and sedaDNA analyses alongside traditional geoarchaeological techniques to examine potential anthropogenic and palaeoclimatic drivers of sediment transfer within a loessic-dominated dry valley with agricultural lynchets at Sint Martens-Voeren, eastern Belgium, through the late Holocene.</div><div>Cultivation of loess-dominated sediments across the dry-valley hilltop occurred from the Bronze Age (1900–700 BCE), with lynchet formation on the steep valley sides occurring from later prehistory (Iron Age 700–50 BCE). Major erosion and valley bottom sedimentation began in the early medieval period (450–1000 CE) and accelerated in the medieval and post medieval periods (1000–1750 CE) in line with an intensification of arable cultivation, particularly beet and hops, the development of open three-field agrarian diversity, landscape connectivity and increased climatic variability. This pattern of late Holocene slope-sediment erosion, transfer and storage mirrors other dry valley sites in the Voer catchments, especially in relation to lynchets, and accelerations in sedimentation in other eastern Belgian fluvial catchments, driven by high-intensity palaeoagronomic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"490 ","pages":"Article 110008"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical aerial image photogrammetry for tracking past deformation of Reissenschuh deep-seated rock slide in Tyrol, Austria","authors":"Johannes Branke ,&nbsp;Thomas Zieher ,&nbsp;Jan Pfeiffer ,&nbsp;Magnus Bremer ,&nbsp;Martin Rutzinger ,&nbsp;Margreth Keiler ,&nbsp;Bernhard Gems ,&nbsp;Barbara Schneider-Muntau","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Reissenschuh deep-seated rock slide in the Schmirn valley (Tyrol, Austria) is one of the most active in the region. In this study, historical aerial images were used to photogrammetrically reconstruct past topography, to analyse spatio-temporal rock slide kinematics and extend differential global navigation satellite system (DGNSS) monitoring time series established in 2016. The computed 3D point clouds and their 2.5D digital surface models (DSMs) were analysed with a novel feature-tracking image-correlation technique (IMCORR-FT), resulting in a 4D displacement reanalysis covering a time span of 67 years. The quality of the registration of photogrammetrically derived topographies to the reference airborne laser scan differs according to the data source. The three-dimensional uncertainty of point clouds created from scanned aerial imagery is approximately <span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span> 1.3 m (95% percentile), whereas that of digital sources is markedly lower, around 0.3 m. This study provides unique insights into the spatio-temporal surface changes that occurred over more than six decades, highlighting significant displacements of up to 50 metres in the central rock slide part and in recent years, an acceleration. The reconstructed spatially distributed displacement time series reveals the variability of the rock slide’s kinematics, and allows for the delineation of landslide subunits. It also reveals acceleration trends in the last two decades, potentially linked to increased precipitation and pore water pressure. This study shows the importance of long-term terrain reconstruction to aid process understanding and model development related to deep-seated rock slides valorising the extensive historical aerial image archives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"490 ","pages":"Article 109996"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Old orogen - young topography: Characterizing styles of late Cenozoic uplift and exhumation in the European Variscan belt","authors":"Fabian Dremel ,&nbsp;Jörg Robl ,&nbsp;Stefan Hergarten ,&nbsp;Nicolas Villamizar-Escalante ,&nbsp;Bjarne Friedrichs ,&nbsp;Christoph von Hagke","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Outcropping remnants of the Variscan orogen in Central Europe have experienced relief rejuvenation since the Miocene. Several modern Variscan massifs feature mountainous topography although they were leveled in the Permian and are far from active plate boundaries. Renewed uplift created mean elevations exceeding 1000 m and is attributed to intraplate processes such as mantle plumes, continental rifting, and lithospheric buckling. However, constraining these mechanisms remains challenging due to conflicting data, including high elevations with low uplift rates, steep river profiles with low erosion rates, and cooling ages exceeding 200 Ma.</div><div>This study investigates the unique topographic and erosional signatures associated with mantle-related processes. We combine orogen-wide morphometric analyses with new compilations of short-term catchment-wide erosion rates and long-term exhumation rates from low-temperature thermochronology. These results are tested against predictions from a novel 1D landscape evolution model incorporating flexural isostasy.</div><div>Our findings reveal that topographic expressions, but also erosional and denudational patterns are unique for each geodynamic process (i.e., mantle plume and rifting) and can be used as proxies to decipher and characterize the underlying geological drivers. Whereas mantle plumes induce a dome-shaped topography with high erosion rates at the margins and a low-relief, low erosion rate central surface, graben subsidence is accompanied by the uplift of pronounced asymmetric rift flanks, which is reflected in spatial variable erosion rates and drainage divide instability. Our analyses show that these inherently transient landscapes differ from collisional orogens, restricting these non-orogenic mountain ranges to transition directly from prematurity to decay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"489 ","pages":"Article 110001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rock-ice avalanche induced complex hazard cascade in the Suku River basin, southeastern Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Yuanling Li ,&nbsp;Bin Yu ,&nbsp;Hai Huang ,&nbsp;Jiajia Zhang ,&nbsp;You Tian ,&nbsp;Bo Gao ,&nbsp;Cheng Gong ,&nbsp;Long Chen ,&nbsp;Dongxu Yang ,&nbsp;Qili Xie ,&nbsp;Luxu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the Tibetan Plateau cryosphere, rock and ice avalanches are becoming more frequent due to climate warming. These events often trigger a cascade effect, resulting in catastrophic disasters. On July 2, 2018, a rock-ice avalanche occurred in the Suku River basin on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, triggering an extremely complex hazard cascade. This cascade included eight processes: rock and ice avalanche, mass flow, barrier lake, outburst flood, debris flow, flood, debris flow, flood. The event caused significant damage to infrastructure within approximately 50 km downstream, inundating and destroying dozens of houses and 150 m roads. The hazard cascade event was reconstructed using optical images, digital elevation model data, field investigation, and numerical analysis. The rock-ice avalanche originated in the steep glacial bedrock area at the top of the right bank of the Suku River, with a 3.60 million cubic meters volume. The fractured rock and ice hit the lower slope, disintegrated, transformed into mass flow, and scoured the lower glacier and moraine. Eventually, these mixed materials accumulated in the Suku River and formed a barrier dam with a height of 68 m. After three days, the dam lake overtopped and burst, with the entire process lasting approximately two hours and reaching a peak flow of 195.16 m³/s. Subsequently, the outburst fluid underwent multiple transitions between flood and debris flow due to the input and output of loose solid materials downstream. Meteorological data indicates that rapid warming and prolonged heavy rainfall triggered the rock and ice avalanche. After the rock and ice failure, the transformation process was primarily controlled by the topography and the erosion and deposition of loose materials downstream. This study is crucial for understanding the complex hazard cascade process of the cryosphere and for mitigating disaster risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"489 ","pages":"Article 110000"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluvial response to differential activity of the Litang fault system: Implications for fault kinematics and geodynamics in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Jinhan Wang ,&nbsp;Xuhua Shi ,&nbsp;Rong Yang ,&nbsp;Hanlin Chen ,&nbsp;Huili Yang ,&nbsp;Yuanhai Shu ,&nbsp;Zhuona Bai ,&nbsp;Chenchao Xu ,&nbsp;Xin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how active faults in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau accommodate the India-Asia collision is crucial for comprehending plateau growth and associated dynamic mechanisms. Previous studies mainly focused on major faults like the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang and Red River faults bounding the Chuan-Dian crustal block. However, the evolution of secondary faults within this block remains largely unknown. This study examines the NW-trending Litang fault, the largest secondary sinistral-slip fault with a normal component in the Chuan-Dian block, to evaluate its variations in tectonic activity and kinematics through fluvial geomorphic analyses. Results from hypsometric integral, channel steepness, and knickpoint analyses reveal varying activity across four segments of the Litang fault (Cuopu, Maoya, Litang, and Jiawa, from northwest to southeast), with Maoya being the most active at the center. River profile modeling suggests that faulting-perturbed river incision began at 0.3–0.4 and 0.6–0.7 Ma in the Cuopu and Maoya segments, respectively; while those in the Jiawa segment in the southeast started at 1.8–2.2 Ma, much earlier than those in the northwest. These findings suggest the northwestward younging or propagation of oblique-slip faulting on the Litang fault. Incorporating the Litang fault's geometry as one branch of the Batang-Litang V-shaped conjugate strike-slip fault system, along with previous interpretations of regional geodynamics, our results suggest that the Litang fault remains immature. Its Quaternary kinematic pattern is likely associated with horizontal shearing at the base of the upper crust or lithosphere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"490 ","pages":"Article 110006"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}