Hno最新文献

{"title":"[Pneumolabyrinth after barotrauma in a patient with cochlear implants].","authors":"S Marti, N Iob, D Bächinger, C Schlegel, A Huber, J Dlugaiczyk, A Dalbert","doi":"10.1007/s00106-025-01602-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-025-01602-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the case of a 54-year-old female patient with bilateral cochlear implants suffering from recurrent left-sided pneumolabyrinth due to barotrauma. These episodes caused acute peripheral vestibular disorder and cochlear implant malfunction. Over a 6-year period, the suspected causative perilymphatic fistula was surgically sealed on three occasions. A preventative balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube was finally performed. This case report is the first to describe barotrauma-induced recurrent pneumolabyrinth in a patient with cochlear implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":55052,"journal":{"name":"Hno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Different immunological types of CRSwNP in the context of the new European EAACI nomenclature : Part 1: Hypersensitivity reactions of type IVa-c as a correlate to T1, T2, and T3 endotypes].","authors":"L Klimek, S Becker, B Haxel, M Cuevas, P Huber, A Chaker, O Pfaar, M Laudien, C Beutner, J Hagemann, U Förster-Ruhrmann, H Olze, B P Ernst, A Beule, C Rudack, A S Hoffmann, C Betz, M Gröger","doi":"10.1007/s00106-025-01600-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-025-01600-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) affects up to 11% of the population in Europe and the USA, making it one of the most common chronic diseases. The classification of immunological endotypes, particularly the T2 endotype, is gaining increasing importance. This classification is based on the Coombs and Gell hypersensitivity model, which categorizes cell-mediated type IV reactions into T1, T2, and T3 endotypes. In chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), genetic and epigenetic alterations in the mucosal immune system play a key role. Identifying specific endotypes helps to better understand the heterogeneity of the disease and develop tailored treatment approaches. This paper aims to systematize the underlying immunological mechanisms and highlight their relevance for diagnosis and therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) recently published an updated nomenclature for immunological hypersensitivity reactions. The original Coombs and Gell classification of antibody-mediated reactions (type I-III) has been expanded. Cell-mediated reactions now include: type IVa (T1) → Th1-dominated reactions; type IVb (T2) → Th2-dominated reactions; type IVc (T3) → Th17-dominated reactions. These new insights into T1, T2, and T3 signaling pathways form the basis of this study. Additional mechanisms such as epithelial barrier defects (type V), chemical reactions (type VI), and metabolism-related immune dysregulations (type VII) are addressed separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Endotyping reveals distinct regional differences: The T2 (Th2-high) endotype, predominant in Europe, North and South America, and Australia, is characterized by elevated Th2 cytokines (IL‑4, IL‑5, IL-13) and eosinophilic inflammation. The T1 (Th1-high) endotype shows dominant interferon-gamma activity and non-eosinophilic, mainly neutrophilic inflammation. The T3 (Th17-high) endotype is defined by increased IL-17 presence and can occur in both eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic CRSwNP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In CRSwNP patients, all three hyperreactivity endotypes (T1, T2, T3) can occur individually or in combination. The T2 endotype is the most common in Europe. Targeted endotyping enables differentiated treatment approaches and novel therapeutic options.</p>","PeriodicalId":55052,"journal":{"name":"Hno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Correlation between stimulation levels und ECAP thresholds for audiometry-based fitting of cochlear implants. German version].","authors":"Annett Franke-Trieger, Thomas Hocke, Thomas Zahnert, Susen Lailach","doi":"10.1007/s00106-025-01584-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-025-01584-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Persons whose speech recognition with hearing aids at 65 dB_SPL, WRS₆₅(HA), is inadequate but whose maximum monosyllabic word recognition score (WRS_max) is still measurable may benefit from a cochlear implant (CI). Using a validated prediction model, one can estimate word recognition with a CI, WRS₆₅(CI), for these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between electrically evoked compound action potentials (ECAP) and stimulation parameters of the CI system.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In this prospective study, 37 patients were included. The WRS₆₅(CI) was determined after 6 and 12 months and compared with the predicted WRS₆₅(CI). The correlation of minimum and maximum electrical stimulation with the ECAP was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients showed a significantly better WRS₆₅(CI) after 12 months compared with the preoperatively determined WRS₆₅(HA). The proportion of patients whose WRS₆₅(CI) fell short of the predicted value by more than 20 percentage points was 19% after 6 months and 5% after 12 months. In the patient population, there was a closer correlation of the ECAP thresholds with the maximum than with the minimum electrical stimulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For patients whose speech understanding with hearing aids is inadequate-even with a very high preoperative WRS_max in moderately severe hearing loss-CI fitting appears to be a promising treatment option. The predictive model enables individual treatment planning. Its application contributed to a quality of care that was higher than was found in an earlier retrospective study. The correlation found between stimulation intensity and ECAP in a cohort of patients with achieved predicted values supports the hypothesis that a fitting procedure based on ECAP and audiometry is a promising approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":55052,"journal":{"name":"Hno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Language development test for 3-5-year-old children (3;0-5;11 years)-diagnostics of language and auditory memory : Retrospective analysis of children with bilateral cochlear implantation in early childhood].","authors":"Barbara Streicher, Kerstin Kreibohm-Strauß, Stefanie Kröger, Dominique Kronesser, Yvonne Seebens, Cynthia Glaubitz, Dennis Metzeld, Ruth Lang-Roth","doi":"10.1007/s00106-025-01631-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-025-01631-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fitting of a cochlear implant (CI) influences the development of auditory memory and thus the development of speech. Speech development is a prerequisite for the acquisition of written language and reading and, thus, the later educational biography.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Language development tests for 3-5-year-old children (SETK 3-5) represent a standardized procedure to assess receptive and expressive speech development as well as auditory memory. In a retrospective cross-sectional study, data of children who were fitted with bilateral CIs from six CI centers of the ACIR (Arbeitsgemeinschaft CI Rehabilitation) were evaluated. The study group was divided into groups that were analyzed on the basis of age (chronological age; LA) and hearing experience with CI (hearing age; HA). In addition, a distinction was made between CI surgery before the age of 1 year (CI ≤ 12 months) and CI surgery from the second to the fourth year of life (CI > 12 ≤ 48 months). The study group was then subdivided according to the SETK 3;0-3;11 years test into G1LA (CI ≤ 12 months), G2LA (CI > 12 ≤ 48 months), G1HA (CI ≤ 12 months), and G2HA (CI > 12 ≤ 48 months). The study group for the SETK 4;0-5;11 years test was subdivided into G3LA (CI ≤ 12 months), G4LA (CI > 12 ≤ 48 months), G3HA (CI ≤ 12 months), and G4HA (CI > 12 ≤ 48 months).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The groups G1LA, G1HA, G3LA, and G3HA (CI ≤ 12 months) achieved age-appropriate values in all subtests of the SETK (3-5). Children who receive CI within the second year of life catch up in terms of language acquisition and some also develop language skills, but the T scores are below the age-adapted norm values. Children with a multilingual background show results below the norm of their hearing peers in both test settings (chronological age and hearing age).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early provision of CI in the first year of life is an important prerequisite for children to develop age-appropriate language skills. Nevertheless, there is wide variation within the groups, so that speech diagnostics and therapy are required as part of follow-up treatment during primary language acquisition to detect and avoid major language delay.</p>","PeriodicalId":55052,"journal":{"name":"Hno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Otorhinolaryngologic diagnostics and treatment of vertigo syndromes].","authors":"Leif Erik Walther","doi":"10.1007/s00106-025-01592-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-025-01592-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vertigo and dizziness are common key symptoms in clinical practice and can significantly impair quality of life. Potential consequences include inability to work, reduced social contacts, falls, and secondary illnesses. Otorhinolaryngologists encounter both acute and chronic dizziness syndromes in emergency settings, during interdisciplinary diagnostic testing, and in ENT expert assessments. A structured medical history, targeted communication techniques, and an orienteering initial examination facilitate differential diagnostic classification. In addition, instrumental, objective diagnostics (\"mapping\" all five vestibular sensors on both sides) provide quantitative insights into the function of vestibular sensors and reflexes. Although diagnostic criteria and evidence-based treatments exist for certain conditions, the overall data situation remains inadequate for many diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":55052,"journal":{"name":"Hno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Medical examination: preparation for ENT specialisation : Part 77].","authors":"Petra Brüggemann, Kurt Steinmetzger, Benjamin Böcking, Amarjargal Nyamaa, Birgit Mazurek","doi":"10.1007/s00106-025-01601-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-025-01601-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55052,"journal":{"name":"Hno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[9/m, left-sided ear pain during night, turbid and purulent secretion : Medical examination: Preparation for ENT specialisation Part 2].","authors":"Thomas Eichhorn","doi":"10.1007/s00106-025-01612-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-025-01612-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55052,"journal":{"name":"Hno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[54/f, foetal otorrhoea and otalgia : Medical examination: Preparation for ENT specialisation Part 51].","authors":"M Jung, R Mlynski, N M Weiss","doi":"10.1007/s00106-025-01606-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-025-01606-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55052,"journal":{"name":"Hno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[6/m and 36/m with slowly in intensity increasing and now permanent hoarseness : Medical examination: Preparation for ENT specialisation Part 56].","authors":"Thomas Eichhorn, Katrin Palisch","doi":"10.1007/s00106-025-01610-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-025-01610-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55052,"journal":{"name":"Hno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Medical examination: preparation for ENT specialisation : Part 74].","authors":"Michael Herzog, Luisa Röse","doi":"10.1007/s00106-025-01589-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-025-01589-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55052,"journal":{"name":"Hno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}