IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials最新文献

{"title":"RIS-Empowered Satellite-Aerial-Terrestrial Networks With PD-NOMA","authors":"Rui Liu;Kefeng Guo;Xingwang Li;Kapal Dev;Sunder Ali Khowaja;Theodoros A. Tsiftsis;Houbing Song","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3393612","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3393612","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite-aerial-terrestrial network (SATN) is considered as a promising architecture for sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication networks to achieve seamless coverage, flexible wireless access, and high data rate. Moreover, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can significantly increase spectrum and energy efficiency. Recently, the integration of these two technologies and SATN has attracted a lot of attention both in academia and industry. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of RIS-empowered SATN with NOMA. In particular, the rudimentary knowledge of SATN, NOMA scheme, and RIS technology is presented. Then, the motivations for investigating the NOMA-RIS-assisted SATN are discussed. In addition, we introduce the three usage modes of RIS, two scenarios of NOMA-RIS, and the path loss model of NOMA-RIS-assisted SATN. Next, the system performance is analyzed for a case study. Besides, a comprehensive overview of resource allocation in NOMA-RIS-assisted SATN is provided, where theoretical and artificial intelligence-based methods are compared and analyzed. Moreover, physical layer security and covert communication are selected as two representative security techniques to be discussed in NOMA-RIS-aided SATN. Furthermore, the combination of other emerging technologies with NOMA-RIS-assisted SATN is investigated. Finally, this survey provides a detailed discussion of the main challenges and open issues that need to be deeply investigated from a practical point of view, including channel modeling, channel estimation, deployment strategies, and backhaul control.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":"26 4","pages":"2258-2289"},"PeriodicalIF":34.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140648730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"End-Edge-Cloud Collaborative Computing for Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Survey","authors":"Yingchao Wang;Chen Yang;Shulin Lan;Liehuang Zhu;Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3393230","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3393230","url":null,"abstract":"The booming development of deep learning applications and services heavily relies on large deep learning models and massive data in the cloud. However, cloud-based deep learning encounters challenges in meeting the application requirements of responsiveness, adaptability, and reliability. Edge-based and end-based deep learning enables rapid, near real-time analysis and response, but edge nodes and end devices usually have limited resources to support large models. This necessitates the integration of end, edge, and cloud computing technologies to combine their different advantages. Despite the existence of numerous studies on edge-cloud collaboration, a comprehensive survey for end-edge-cloud computing-enabled deep learning is needed to review the current status and point out future directions. Therefore, this paper: 1) analyzes the collaborative elements within the end-edge-cloud computing system for deep learning, and proposes collaborative training, inference, and updating methods and mechanisms for deep learning models under the end-edge-cloud collaboration framework. 2) provides a systematic investigation of the key enabling technologies for end-edge-cloud collaborative deep learning, including model compression, model partition, and knowledge transfer. 3) highlights six open issues to stimulate continuous research efforts in the field of end-edge-cloud deep learning.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":"26 4","pages":"2647-2683"},"PeriodicalIF":34.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140642243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey on Mean-Field Game for Dynamic Management and Control in Space-Air-Ground Network","authors":"Yao Wang;Chungang Yang;Tong Li;Xinru Mi;Lixin Li;Zhu Han","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3393369","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3393369","url":null,"abstract":"The data traffic volume of the 6th generation (6G) mobile communication networks is huge, and there are novel challenges in various communications services and scenarios. This calls for ultra-dense and heterogeneous deployments of network nodes both on the ground and in space, resulting in ultra-dense space-air-ground network. However, conventional models are not available to analyze and design the interactions among heterogeneous network nodes. Game theory can provide an effective mathematical modeling framework for analysis and design. For the 6G space-air-ground networks, the characteristics of stochastic, ultra-dense, and distributed control will cause conventional game theoretical approaches to confront the challenge of the curse of dimensionality. Mean-field game (MFG) can be introduced to decouple dynamic management and control among agents, to decouple their interactions in a high-dimensional regime. Although the MFG finds wide application, there lacks a comprehensive survey to clarify the basics and summarize the state of the art of MFG research status. In this survey, we investigate and provide an overview of the applications of the MFG. First, we discuss diverse 6G space-air-ground networking paradigms, and then introduce the basic concepts of the MFG. Second, various MFG-based optimal control policies together with mean-field equilibrium (MFE) solutions are investigated and surveyed. Moreover, we discuss the effectiveness of combining the MFG with other game-theoretic approaches and machine learning methods, which leads to the improvement of multi-agent system performances. Finally, we outline some open issues, technical challenges, and future research directions based on the current state of the art.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":"26 4","pages":"2798-2835"},"PeriodicalIF":34.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140642142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Metaverse: Survey, Trends, Novel Pipeline Ecosystem & Future Directions","authors":"H. Sami;A. Hammoud;M. Arafeh;M. Wazzeh;S. Arisdakessian;M. Chahoud;O. Wehbi;M. Ajaj;A. Mourad;H. Otrok;O. Abdel Wahab;R. Mizouni;J. Bentahar;C. Talhi;Z. Dziong;E. Damiani;M. Guizani","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3392642","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3392642","url":null,"abstract":"The Metaverse offers a second world beyond reality, where boundaries are non-existent, and possibilities are endless through engagement and immersive experiences using the virtual reality (VR) technology. Many disciplines can benefit from the advancement of the Metaverse when accurately developed, including the fields of technology, gaming, education, art & culture, socialization, commerce, and businesses. Nevertheless, developing the Metaverse environment to its full potential is an ambiguous task that needs proper guidance and directions. Existing surveys on the Metaverse focus only on a specific aspect and discipline of the Metaverse and lack a holistic view of the entire process. Moreover, most surveys refrain from providing detailed guidance about the development process of the metaverse, including its impact on technologies, businesses, existing challenges, and potential research directions due to their lack of a macro and micro perception of such a topic. To this end, a more holistic, multi-disciplinary, in-depth, and academic and industry-oriented review is required to provide a thorough study of the Metaverse development pipeline and fill the gap in existing Metaverse surveys. To address these issues, we present in this survey a novel multi-layered pipeline ecosystem composed of (1) the Metaverse computing, networking, communications and hardware infrastructure, (2) environment digitization, and (3) user interactions. For every layer, we discuss the components that detail the steps of its development. Also, for each of these components, we examine the impact of a set of enabling technologies and empowering domains (e.g., Artificial Intelligence, Security & Privacy, Blockchain, Business, Ethics, and Social) on its advancement. In addition, we explain the importance of these technologies to support decentralization, interoperability, user experiences, interactions, and monetization. Our presented study highlights the existing challenges for each component, followed by research directions and potential solutions. To the best of our knowledge, this survey is the most comprehensive and allows users, scholars, and entrepreneurs to get an in-depth understanding of the Metaverse ecosystem to find their opportunities and potentials for contribution.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":"26 4","pages":"2914-2960"},"PeriodicalIF":34.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140639926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing Protocol Architecture’s Design Patterns in the Volumetric DDoS Defense Design Space","authors":"Zhiyi Zhang;Guorui Xiao;Sichen Song;R. Can Aygun;Angelos Stavrou;Lixia Zhang;Eric Osterweil","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3392253","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3392253","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have plagued the Internet for decades. Despite the ever-increasing investments into mitigation solution development, DDoS attacks continue to grow with ever-increasing frequency and magnitude. To identify the root cause of the above-observed trend, in this paper, we conduct a systematic and architectural evaluation of volumetric DDoS detection and mitigation efforts over 24,000 papers, articles, and RFCs over 30+ years. To that end, we introduce a novel approach for systematizing comparisons of DDoS research, resulting in a comprehensive examination of the DDoS literature. Our analysis illustrates a small set of common design patterns across seemingly disparate solutions, and reveals insights into deployment traction and success of DDoS solutions. Furthermore, we discuss economic incentives and the lack of harmony between synergistic but independent approaches for detection and mitigation. As expected, defenses with a clear cost/benefit rationale are more prevalent than those that require extensive infrastructure changes. Finally, we discuss the lessons learned which we hope can shed light on future directions that can potentially turn the tide of the war against DDoS.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":"27 1","pages":"353-371"},"PeriodicalIF":34.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140634301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resource Management From Single-Domain 5G to End-to-End 6G Network Slicing: A Survey","authors":"Sina Ebrahimi;Faouzi Bouali;Olivier C. L. Haas","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3390613","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3390613","url":null,"abstract":"Network Slicing (NS) is one of the pillars of the fifth/sixth generation (5G/6G) of mobile networks. It provides the means for Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) to leverage physical infrastructure across different technological domains to support different applications. This survey analyzes the progress made on NS resource management across these domains, with a focus on the interdependence between domains and unique issues that arise in cross-domain and End-to-End (E2E) settings. Based on a generic problem formulation, NS resource management functionalities (e.g., resource allocation and orchestration) are examined across domains, revealing their limits when applied separately per domain. The appropriateness of different problem-solving methodologies is critically analyzed, and practical insights are provided, explaining how resource management should be rethought in cross-domain and E2E contexts. Furthermore, the latest advancements are reported through a detailed analysis of the most relevant research projects and experimental testbeds. Finally, the core issues facing NS resource management are dissected, and the most pertinent research directions are identified, providing practical guidelines for new researchers.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":"26 4","pages":"2836-2866"},"PeriodicalIF":34.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140607616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design Guidelines on Trust Management for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"Rongxin Zhu;Azzedine Boukerche;Libo Long;Qiuling Yang","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3389728","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3389728","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, significant advancements in wireless underwater communication and acoustic sensor technology have spurred the exploration and utilization of the ocean’s vast natural resources. underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are increasingly deployed in unattended and hostile environments, demanding robust security measures. Secure communication environments are essential for a range of UWSN applications, including coastal defense, underwater communication, and marine exploration. Trust models have emerged as effective security mechanisms to assess the reliability of individual nodes in UWSNs during adverse attacks. Unlike Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), UWSNs encounter distinct challenges, including constrained resources, harsh underwater conditions, and unreliable acoustic communication, making it crucial to establish a reliable trust-based system. In this paper, we review existing work on UWSN security, discuss security and trust challenges, and explore trust-based applications. Furthermore, we evaluate diverse trust models suited for UWSNs of recent years, categorizing and comparing approaches like weighted sum methods, logic-based techniques, probability and statistics models, and machine learning paradigms. Finally, we discuss contemporary challenges and future directions in UWSN trust management. By offering a systematic overview and classification of trust management approaches, this paper contributes to the understanding and development of effective trust mechanisms for UWSNs, ultimately enhancing their reliability, security, and successful operation in diverse marine applications.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":"26 4","pages":"2547-2576"},"PeriodicalIF":34.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140603938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of RAN Architectures Toward 6G: Motivation, Development, and Enabling Technologies","authors":"Jiacheng Chen;Xiaohu Liang;Jianzhe Xue;Yu Sun;Haibo Zhou;Xuemin Shen","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3388511","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3388511","url":null,"abstract":"In this survey paper, we first provide insights on the evolution of radio access networks (RANs) through investigating the existing paradigms and future trends towards 6G. We then present the fully-decoupled RAN (FD-RAN), which aligns with the trends by integrating existing paradigms and introducing new features such as physical decoupling of uplink and downlink base stations. We also discuss the key technologies enabled by different architectures for further performance improvement and some open issues. We hope that this survey can stimulate more in-depth research on transforming 6G RAN so as to unleash the power of state-of-the-art technologies and meet higher performance requirements in the future.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":"26 3","pages":"1950-1988"},"PeriodicalIF":34.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140556972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Tutorial on Near-Field XL-MIMO Communications Toward 6G","authors":"Haiquan Lu;Yong Zeng;Changsheng You;Yu Han;Jiayi Zhang;Zhe Wang;Zhenjun Dong;Shi Jin;Cheng-Xiang Wang;Tao Jiang;Xiaohu You;Rui Zhang","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3387749","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3387749","url":null,"abstract":"Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a promising technology for the sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication networks. By significantly boosting the antenna number or size to at least an order of magnitude beyond current massive MIMO systems, XL-MIMO is expected to unprecedentedly enhance the spectral efficiency and spatial resolution for wireless communication. The evolution from massive MIMO to XL-MIMO is not simply an increase in the array size, but faces new design challenges, in terms of near-field channel modeling, performance analysis, channel estimation, and practical implementation. In this article, we give a comprehensive tutorial overview on near-field XL-MIMO communications, aiming to provide useful guidance for tackling the above challenges. First, the basic near-field modeling for XL-MIMO is established, by considering the new characteristics of non-uniform spherical wave (NUSW) and spatial non-stationarity. Next, based on the near-field modeling, the performance analysis of XL-MIMO is presented, including the near-field signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scaling laws, beam focusing pattern, achievable rate, and degrees-of-freedom (DoF). Furthermore, various XL-MIMO design issues such as near-field beam codebook, beam training, channel estimation, and delay alignment modulation (DAM) transmission are elaborated. Finally, we point out promising directions to inspire future research on near-field XL-MIMO communications.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":"26 4","pages":"2213-2257"},"PeriodicalIF":34.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140550426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Human-Centric Metaverse Enabled by Brain-Computer Interface: A Survey","authors":"Howe Yuan Zhu;Nguyen Quang Hieu;Dinh Thai Hoang;Diep N. Nguyen;Chin-Teng Lin","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3387124","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2024.3387124","url":null,"abstract":"The growing interest in the Metaverse has generated momentum for members of academia and industry to innovate toward realizing the Metaverse world. The Metaverse is a unique, continuous, and shared virtual world where humans embody a digital form within an online platform. Through a digital avatar, Metaverse users should have a perceptual presence within the environment and can interact and control the virtual world around them. Thus, a human-centric design is a crucial element of the Metaverse. The human users are not only the central entity but also the source of multi-sensory data that can be used to enrich the Metaverse ecosystem. In this survey, we study the potential applications of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technologies that can enhance the experience of Metaverse users. By directly communicating with the human brain, the most complex organ in the human body, BCI technologies hold the potential for the most intuitive human-machine system operating at the speed of thought. BCI technologies can enable various innovative applications for the Metaverse through this neural pathway, such as user cognitive state monitoring, digital avatar control, virtual interactions, and imagined speech communications. This survey first outlines the fundamental background of the Metaverse and BCI technologies. We then discuss the current challenges of the Metaverse that can potentially be addressed by BCI, such as motion sickness when users experience virtual environments or the negative emotional states of users in immersive virtual applications. After that, we propose and discuss a new research direction called Human Digital Twin, in which digital twins can create an intelligent and interactable avatar from the user’s brain signals. We also present the challenges and potential solutions in synchronizing and communicating between virtual and physical entities in the Metaverse. Finally, we highlight the challenges, open issues, and future research directions for BCI-enabled Metaverse systems.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":"26 3","pages":"2120-2145"},"PeriodicalIF":34.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10496440","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140545115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}