IET Renewable Power Generation最新文献

{"title":"A Measurement-Based SSO Probability Assessment Approach Considering Multiple Uncertainties","authors":"Zhenyu Lei,&nbsp;Kaiyuan Hou,&nbsp;Lei Chen,&nbsp;Feng Guo,&nbsp;Qingchen Liu,&nbsp;Yong Min","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sub-synchronous oscillation (SSO) of wind power system has long plagued grid operators and researchers. It is affected by different uncertain factors such as wind speed and its probability assessment is crucial for SSO prevention and emergency control. The black box characteristics of wind turbines impede the precise modelling and stability analysis. Meanwhile, researchers concentrated on the uncertainty of wind speed and ignored the impact of grid strength variation. This paper proposed a measurement-based SSO probability assessment approach considering multiple uncertainties. First, a method is proposed to precisely estimate damping ratios of SSO mode based on measured impedance-frequency curves. Then, probabilistic collocation method (PCM) theory is introduced to construct an approximate function between the damping ratio and multiple uncertain inputs. In SSOs induced by interaction between full power convert of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator and weak grid, both wind speed and grid impedance are set as uncertain inputs, while only wind speed is considered in SSOs induced by Doubly Fed Induction Generator. For common truncated distribution in power grid, the significant advantages of PCM over other analytical methods are pointed out. Finally, the efficiency and accuracy of proposed approaches, compared with Monte Carlo and other approaches, are validated by simulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging Meta-Learning for Enhanced False Data Injection Detection in Smart Grids: The ONF-ML Approach","authors":"Mohammadreza Pourshirazi,&nbsp;Mohsen Simab,&nbsp;Alireza Mirzaee,&nbsp;Bahador Fani","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While digitalization promotes grid management efficiency, it also makes power systems more vulnerable to a variety of anomalies, especially false data injection (FDI) anomalies. FDI intrusions pose a serious threat to the security of smart grids. The existing approaches, like machine learning, have certain limitations, which can be addressed by proposing the optimized neuro-fuzzy meta-learning (ONF-ML) model. This model combines several machine learning classifiers serving as a two-step optimization process including hyperparameter optimization for individual classifiers and simulated annealing for tuning neuro-fuzzy parameters. Simulation results conducted on the IEEE 14-bus system using MATPOWER demonstrate the superior performance of ONF-ML in detecting FDI intrusions compared to baseline models, especially for subtle injections. In every bus, FDI intrusion has occurred and average performance metrics are considered. The results illustrate an average detection rate of 91.7% and 81.9% for intrusion samples and 99.9% and 99.8% for normal instances in cases of −3% and +3% occurrences, respectively. While baseline models illustrated critical performance degradation during robust analyses, this technique was remarkably stable, maintaining a detection rate of over 75%, outperforming the second-best technique by up to 45% in worst-case scenarios. By addressing real-world challenges such as sensitivity to noise, inflexibility and incompetence in detecting subtle intruders, the ONF-ML approach enables continuous learning from new data, ensuring adaptability to new threats. Taken together, these features make ONF-ML a practical and scalable solution to overcome the limitations of traditional FDI detection techniques and provide a path to improved smart grid security.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-mode control and switching control strategy of microgrid for power battery formation and grading testing system","authors":"Di Xie,&nbsp;Liangliang Wang,&nbsp;Tao Jiang,&nbsp;Longyun Kang,&nbsp;Shoumo Wang","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To address the stability issues of the microgrid system for power battery formation and grading testing systems in scenarios involving multiple parallel converters, this paper proposes a hybrid dual-mode control strategy combining grid-following and grid-forming modes to ensure stable operation of the microgrid system. However, the conventional switching between the two control strategies during the operation of the converter can lead to transient power and current surges, which may even affect the stable operation of the converter. Therefore, this paper studies the characteristics of grid-following and grid-forming control strategies. Based on the fact that both have the same type of output variables, a seamless switching control strategy based on the method of controller output state following is proposed, the switching time can be shortened by more than 1 s to the greatest extent possible. Furthermore, a seamless switching control strategy for grid-connected and islanded operation modes of the microgrid system is introduced. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using the Simulink simulation platform and a hardware-in-the-loop experimental simulation platform. The experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A risk uncertainty–based flexible dispatch method for pumped storage under extreme weather","authors":"Miaoyong Feng,&nbsp;Zhanhong Huang,&nbsp;Tao Yu,&nbsp;Zhenning Pan,&nbsp;Qianjin Liu,&nbsp;Ziyao Wang,&nbsp;Shuangquan Liu","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The large-scale integration of renewable energy into new power systems presents significant challenges in terms of controllability and predictability due to its inherent randomness and volatility. The uncontrollability is further compounded by the sudden impacts of extreme weather events, making multi-scale power balance increasingly difficult. This paper proposes a two-stage flexible dispatch method (TFDM) for measuring uncertainty under extreme weather. The model constructs probabilistic disaster impact assessments for wind farms and transmission lines using fuzzy sets and captures the associated uncertainties through chance constraints and risk costs. It provides more flexible disaster risk reduction methods by integrating uncertainty prediction errors and unit commitment plans into the interaction between two-stage dispatch. An accelerated algorithm that combines historical scene learning with improved K-nearest neighbours (KNN) dispatch is proposed. It is employed to obtain initial solutions for binary unit commitment variables, accelerating the resolution of frequent unit combination switching problems. Tests on the IEEE 39-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems show that the proposed method can effectively utilize the regulating capacity of pumped storage units to significantly improve the resilience of the system to cope with extreme weather. The improved KNN algorithm has stronger convergence and efficiency for large-scale power grid scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized Coordination of Electric Vehicles, Distributed Compensation Devices, and Distributed Generation for Risk Mitigation in Radial Distribution Networks","authors":"Chen Zhongbo,&nbsp;Liang Liang,&nbsp;Lu Chao","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The charging demand of electric vehicles (EVs), intelligent and flexible compensation units, and renewable energy generation are key components of the smart grid framework. This paper aims to evaluate the benefits of coordinating distributed compensation units while mitigating the risks associated with the uncertainties arising from the aggregation of distributed generation and EV charging loads within the smart grid. Linear models for electric spring (ES) were developed to facilitate their integration into collaborative operational strategies. Subsequently, probabilistic load flow (PLF) analysis was combined with branch power flow (BPF) equations to assess voltage fluctuations and the stochastic distribution of energy demand. The proposed methodology aims to optimize coordinated operations for risk mitigation. Finally, case studies were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed optimization model and provide further insights into its practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Evaluation-Based Real-Time Coordinated Control Method for Multi-Stack Fuel Cell System Considering Lifetime Consistency","authors":"Ying Han,&nbsp;Weifeng Meng,&nbsp;Luoyi Li,&nbsp;Huiwen Deng,&nbsp;Xiangwen Zhan,&nbsp;Weirong Chen","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the global energy shortage and excessive carbon emissions, hydrogen energy has received significant attention as a key component of a carbon-neutral future, with fuel cells serving as a key component for hydrogen-to-power conversion. In high-powered applications like rail transportation and buildings, the multi-stack fuel cell system (MFCS) offers superior performance compared to a single-stack fuel cells system, providing advantages such as higher efficiency, stronger robustness, and longer lifetime. However, the efficiency, lifetime, and economy of MFCS are limited by the power distribution and performance of single-stack fuel cell, and the strong coupling between the performance of single-stack fuel cells and their actual power and voltage in real-time operation makes the energy management method of MFCS extremely complicated. The traditional strategies struggle to balance the various indexes in the MFCS and are limited in optimising individual indexes. To tackle this issue, this paper proposes a dynamic evaluation-based real-time coordinated control method for MFCS considering lifetime consistency. First, to comprehensively consider various indexes of the MFCS, a dynamic evaluation matrix (DEM) of the MFCS is established. The DEM consists of two essential components: the first is the dynamic performance evaluation matrix (DPEM), which thoroughly considers the impact of the performance variations in each single-stack fuel cell on the MFCS; and the other is the evaluation matrix pertaining to the efficiency, lifetime, and economy of the MFCS, which builds upon the DPEM and fully balances the mutual influences among the indexes. Then the objective function is established according to the DEM, and the GSSA algorithm is used for real-time optimisation. To demonstrate its effectiveness and advantages, the proposed method is applied in a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation system based on RT-LAB. The findings demonstrate that the proposed method facilitates comprehensiveoptimisation of the MFCS across efficiency, lifespan, and economic considerations. Furthermore, it realises the uniform lifetimes of each PEMFC and enhances the overall utilisation of the MFCS.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Impedance Characteristic Analysis of Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Inverters","authors":"Yonggang Zhang,&nbsp;Peter Unruh,&nbsp;Boris Fischer,&nbsp;Martin Braun","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper comprehensively analyses the impedance characteristics of grid-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM) inverters at around synchronous frequency areas considering various operating and grid connection conditions and control settings. Both analytical and from simulation extracted impedances are obtained for ensuring model plausibility. Equivalent single-input single-output (SISO) inverter impedances are derived for intuitive analysis. The work summarises already published results and reveals new aspects: 1) an inverter-dominated grid tends to exhibit sequence impedance coupling, which influences the inverter SISO impedances; 2) the impedances of GFL inverters are more symmetrical about the synchronous frequency compared to the GFM inverters; 3) inverter low-frequency SISO impedances are highly impacted by the inner-loop control; 4) the adopted GFM control exhibits much better passivity and much less interaction stability risk than the GFL control; 5) the equivalent SISO impedances of GFM inverter are much more influenced by the connected grid conditions (e.g. grid strength and X/R ratio) compared to the GFL inverter; 6) the SISO impedances of GFL inverter are much more sensitive to grid voltage and frequency deviations and operating modes/points compared to the GFM inverter; 7) apart from passivity, the inductive/capacitive feature of GFL/GFM inverters shows high impact on interaction risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid optimization approach to evaluating load capacity in distribution networks with new energy and energy storage integration","authors":"Longtian Zhang,&nbsp;Delin Wang,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahid Mastoi,&nbsp;Zelin He,&nbsp;Mannan Hassan","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.13198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.13198","url":null,"abstract":"<p>New energy can enhance the load capacity of the distribution networks, and the addition of energy storage can suppress the fluctuations caused by the uncertainty of new energy, promoting the stable load absorption of the distribution networks. This paper explored the impact of new energy and energy storage integration into distribution network load-carrying capacity and proposed a method for evaluating the load-carrying capacity of the distribution networks by improving GA-BWO with voltage adaptive control. Under the premise of considering the integration of new energy and energy storage access to the distribution networks, the impact of load increase on the status of the distribution network is derived. Constructing a distribution network load-carrying capacity evaluation indicator system with safety, flexibility, and economy, then calculating indicator weights using the AHP-EWM method and building evaluation function. Building a distribution network load carrying capacity model based on objective function and constraint conditions on this basis, utilizing bus voltage to adaptively control the balance factor and development stage of the Beluga algorithm, and introducing the mutation process of the Genetic algorithm, realize the solution of load carrying capacity. Evaluate the distribution networks with new energy and energy storage, for example, prove the improvement effect of new energy and energy storage output characteristics on the load carrying capacity of the distribution networks and provide a theoretical basis for regional planning and construction.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.13198","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Management Systems (EMS) for a Decentralized Grid: A Review and Analysis of the Generation and Control Methods Impact on EMS Type and Topology","authors":"Alexander Kudzin,&nbsp;Satoshi Takayama,&nbsp;Atsushi Ishigame","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Grid decarbonization is transitioning the generation method's (GM) topology towards a distributed energy resource (DER)-centric decentralized topology. However, the control method (CM) and energy management system (EMS) are yet to decentralize, resulting in topological mismatch-related issues that pose significant operational challenges. Due to the advantages of topological synergy, CM research is moving towards decentralized topologies. However, the EMS lacks a clear development path and defined target parameters. This study investigates the interdependencies between GM, CM, and EMS topologies, determining their relationship to forecast the future trajectory of EMS research and to determine robust evaluation parameters for EMS proposals. Topological analysis revealed a strong influence of one sector on another, placing significant pressure to decentralize the EMS. Utilizing these findings, a detailed evaluation of the proposed cloud-edge, cluster, and blockchain-based EMS proposals against the established parameters revealed that blockchain-based architectures best aligned with the incoming decentralized GM and CM's limitations, requirements, and advantages, offering superior security, resilience, adaptability, and scalability. Furthermore, blockchain technology has largely overcome the regulatory barriers and technical challenges, such as communication overheads, making blockchain-based EMS the most effective and efficient choice for a next-gen EMS.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small-Signal Synchronization Stability Enhancement of GFL-Based Renewable Energy Generation Using the Koopman Operator","authors":"Le Zheng,&nbsp;Jiajie Zheng,&nbsp;Xin Liu,&nbsp;Gengyin Li,&nbsp;Yanhui Xu","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent reports have highlighted small-signal synchronous instability issues in grid-following converter-based renewable energy generation systems connected to weak power grids. This study introduces a Koopman operator-based approach for system state prediction and small-signal synchronization stability enhancement through a data-driven strategy. Initially, system dynamics are identified and forecasted using measured data via delay embedding and the Koopman operator, effectively transforming the original nonlinear system dynamics into a more manageable linear framework in a higher-dimensional space. Subsequently, a supplementary control loop is implemented, and control variables are calculated employing model predictive control within the elevated Koopman space. This proposed technique is independent of the ‘white box’ model structure and parameters, thereby offering adaptability to changes in operational conditions. The effectiveness of this method has been confirmed through case studies conducted on a modified IEEE 39-bus system, demonstrating its viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}