European Food Research and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Trends in biochemical, anatomical mechanisms and molecular aspects in enzymatic browning of apples: a review","authors":"Mostafa Z. Sultan,&nbsp;Kareem A. Farouk,&nbsp;Mostafa M. Elbagoury,&nbsp;Elhadi M. Yahia","doi":"10.1007/s00217-025-04824-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00217-025-04824-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Apples (<i>Malus domestica</i> Borkh), like fresh fruits and vegetables, are susceptible to enzymatic browning (EB) and especially during handling, storage and processing, mostly as a result of phenolic compounds being enzymatically oxidized, basically, by polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) enzymes. EB reduces consumer acceptance and marketability leading to postharvest losses of apples. This review focused on EB, addressing the trends in biochemical, anatomical mechanisms, molecular aspects and the future perspectives. At least 24 phenolic compounds were detected in apples, with the peel often retaining the highest concentrations. Phenolic compounds with low molecular weight, like catechin, <i>p</i>-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid seem to function as a more effective substrate for PPO. The first step in EB process is cell collapse either by cutting, peeling, bruising, senescence etc. The collapsed cells enable PPO to be in direct contact with the polyphenolic substrates localized either in cell vacuole or in the cell wall in the presence of oxygen to produce melanin, the brown polymer. A precise transformation of apple genomes is a major advance in gene-editing technology focused on improving crop quality, especially in post-harvest technology. The advancement of innovative genome editing techniques to attain precise and targeted alterations in apples for the mitigation of browning activity. Innovative genome editing methods are exploited to silence genes expressing PPOs and relative genes of oxidative enzymes, as well as underscoring notable differences in the constitutive expression pattern of critical phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) enzyme, constituting the most promising strategy to avert undesired browning in plants. Food scientists are seeking to select cultivars that are less sensitive to EB, in addition to using genetic engineering tools to inhibit the browning enzymes. The Arctic^® apple is a unique example of this, as researchers focused on producing an apple resistant to EB with the goal of reducing waste and limiting the use of chemicals in apple industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":549,"journal":{"name":"European Food Research and Technology","volume":"251 10","pages":"3305 - 3326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00217-025-04824-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discriminating volatile profiles of roasted Arabica specialty coffee beans from different countries using a self-organizing map","authors":"Diego Comparini,&nbsp;Corrado Costa,&nbsp;Francesca Antonucci,&nbsp;Simona Violino,&nbsp;Chiara Fini,&nbsp;Cosimo Taiti,&nbsp;Stefano Mancuso,&nbsp;Camilla Pandolfi","doi":"10.1007/s00217-025-04822-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00217-025-04822-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solving the complexities of coffee aroma is vital for the industry, especially since different growing regions produce distinct coffee volatile profiles which are influenced by variations in several factors such as climate, soil, and cultivation practices. Discriminating these profiles enables the authentication of coffee origin, helping protect consumers and producers. In this study, the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) was employed to analyze the volatile profile of high-quality coffee from various geographical regions, including Honduras, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Brazil. The volatile profile of 311 Coffee arabica “specialty” samples was obtained using a Proton Transfer Reaction-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS). Subsequently, by employing a SOM technique, coupled with classifier neural networks, the research focuses on discerning geographical origins, resulting in a two-dimensional map that enhances data visualization and interpretation. This approach also identified which volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a significant role in identifying different origins across the map. The results demonstrated that samples from Honduras, Ecuador, Costa Rica, and Guatemala were uniformly grouped in specific areas whilst samples from El Salvador and Brazil exhibited more fragmented distributions. This analysis contributes valuable insights into understanding flavor complexities of high-quality coffee, ensuring origin authentication and valorization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":549,"journal":{"name":"European Food Research and Technology","volume":"251 10","pages":"3273 - 3285"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A brief review on molecular phenomena associated with the antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activity of plant-based milk analogues","authors":"Ahmadullah Zahir,&nbsp;Zhiwen Ge","doi":"10.1007/s00217-025-04791-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00217-025-04791-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the growing prominence of plant-derived milk alternatives, understanding their molecular mechanisms of action is essential, particularly concerning their antioxidant properties and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities. These milk substitutes offer nutritional benefits and contain bioactive compounds that may enhance cardiovascular health and combat oxidative stress. Antioxidants mitigate free radical damage, while ACE inhibitors aid in managing hypertension. This brief review highlights the molecular foundations of their antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activities, emphasizing the role of phytochemicals and their bioavailability in delivering health benefits. Bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and polyphenols, particularly low molecular weight bioactive peptides (MW &lt; 3 kDa) from plant-based milks, can effectively neutralize free radicals and inhibit ACE by modulating intracellular signaling pathways. Furthermore, the presence of bioactive peptides enhances antioxidant efficacy by initiating the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling cascade, which consequently leads to increased expression of antioxidant enzymes. The health benefits of plant-derived milk alternatives are also advanced by factors such as starter cultures, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation. However, the effectiveness of these alternatives can vary due to processing methods, storage conditions, and the types of bioactive compounds present. Various elements, including flavor, texture, and consumer expectations, influence the sensory acceptance of plant-based milk analogues. Additionally, challenges remain regarding sensory acceptance and protein content compared to conventional dairy. Several strategies, such as fortification, blending, innovative processing techniques, and fermentation, have been proposed to enhance both nutritional and sensory profiles, addressing the low protein content and sensory issues associated with plant-derived milk alternatives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":549,"journal":{"name":"European Food Research and Technology","volume":"251 10","pages":"3241 - 3271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structures, functional properties and simulated digestion in vitro of Chickpea protein fractions","authors":"Yawen Gao,&nbsp;Aiting Yin,&nbsp;Ji Feng,&nbsp;Guogang Zhao,&nbsp;Jianing Pang,&nbsp;Tengdan Yuan,&nbsp;Hongyan Zheng,&nbsp;Junhua Shi","doi":"10.1007/s00217-025-04829-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00217-025-04829-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chickpea proteins possess superior nutritional value, however, limited systematic research on their physicochemical and functional properties has constrained their effective utilization in the food industry. For the potential application of chickpea protein in the food industry, the structure, physicochemical attributes, and functional characteristics of chickpea protein fractions (crude protein (CP), albumin, globulin and glutelin) obtained via Osborne fractionation were assessed. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy (CD) analysis revealed that random coil and β-turn constitute the predominant secondary structures, indicating that all four protein fractions possess abundant active binding sites for enzymes and exhibit stable conformations. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning caborimetry (DSC) result elucidated that four protein fractions are characterized by small molecular weights (10–65 kDa) and excellent thermal stability with denaturation temperatures all exceeding 95 °C.The amino acid composition is dominated by aspartate, glutamate, glycine, and arginine. Meanwhile, albumin demonstrated excellent solubility, foaming capacity, water holding capacity (WHC), and oil holding capacity (OHC) due to its low surface hydrophobicity, and high total sulfhydryl content. Glutelin was shown to have notable emulsifying capacity, WHC, and OHC. Furthermore, in vitro simulated digestion analysis of four protein fractions were conducted, and the results showed that the antioxidant activities of the four protein fractions after simulated digestion in vitro were significantly enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner, with albumin exhibiting the highest activity, followed by CP, globulin, and glutelin. In summary, chickpea proteins, especially albumin and glutelin, display promising functional properties and antioxidant activities, providing an experimental basis for further research and development of chickpea proteins.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":549,"journal":{"name":"European Food Research and Technology","volume":"251 10","pages":"3287 - 3303"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam): a comprehensive review of its botany, nutritional composition, phytochemical profile, health benefits, and future prospects","authors":"Vadde Mounika,&nbsp; Talamarla Yeswanth Mahidar Gowd,&nbsp; D. Lakshminarayana,&nbsp; G. Vijaya Krishna,&nbsp;Yogesh M,&nbsp; I. V. Srinivasa Reddy,&nbsp;Bangi Kyatammanavara Soumya,&nbsp;Suchibrata Chamuah,&nbsp; Yengkhom Disco Singh,&nbsp; P. Maheswara Reddy","doi":"10.1007/s00217-025-04828-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00217-025-04828-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>By 2050, feeding nearly 10 billion people will require sustainable agricultural innovations amid rising threats from climate-induced insect outbreaks, floods, and droughts. Sweet potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> (L.) Lam), a climate-resilient and nutrient-dense crop, offers promising potential in addressing both food security and public health. It is particularly rich in bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins, polyphenols, and β-carotene, which exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological effects. Anthocyanins demonstrate potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, while polyphenolic compounds are known to inhibit oxidative damage, modulate inflammatory pathways, and offer neuroprotective and anti-cancer benefits. β-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A, plays a crucial role in enhancing vision, immunity, and skin health, and also contributes to reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disorders and diabetes. Current review highlights significant phytochemical variability among sweet potato genotypes rich in anthocyanins, phenolics and β-carotene. This review highlights the botanical, nutritional, and pharmacological value of sweet potatoes, emphasizing their antioxidant, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects. With potential in functional foods and therapeutics, sweet potato is a key crop for boosting nutrition, sustainability, and disease prevention globally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":549,"journal":{"name":"European Food Research and Technology","volume":"251 10","pages":"3225 - 3239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of metabolomics and chemometrics for authentication of vegetable oils and adulteration detection: a review","authors":"Najwa Sulaiman,&nbsp;Maimunah Sanny,&nbsp;Chee Beng Yeoh,&nbsp;Azmil Haizam Ahmad Tarmizi,&nbsp;Noordiana Nordin,&nbsp;Farah Khuwailah Ahmad Bustamam,&nbsp;Raznim Arni Abd Razak,&nbsp;Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis,&nbsp;Alfi Khatib","doi":"10.1007/s00217-025-04832-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00217-025-04832-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The authentication and detection of adulteration in food are critical for ensuring food safety, quality and consumer protection. Vegetable oils are one of the significant diets in human nutrition, and hence its authenticity as well as safety are of utmost importance to ensure safe consumption and fairness of international trade. Metabolomics coupled with chemometrics, have been widely used as an accurate measurement of complex metabolite profiles in vegetable oils. This integrated methodology allows for the full identification of chemical compositions of vegetable oils and the detection of potential adulterants. This review outlines recent advances and applications of metabolomics in combination with chemometrics for the authentication and adulteration detection in vegetable oils. Various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques combined with chemometrics such as multivariate statistical analysis for interpretation of big data sets enables the discovery of potential characteristic markers for authentication and adulteration detection in vegetable oils. Identifying the most suitable analytical technique and chemometrics tool helps in the marker discovery for authentication purposes, and can be further explored for the development of rapid detection technique for safety assessment by authorized regulatory bodies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":549,"journal":{"name":"European Food Research and Technology","volume":"251 10","pages":"3175 - 3198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discordance between in silico and in vitro results on proteolytic stability of milk protein-derived DPP-4 inhibitory peptides","authors":"Amila Turalić,&nbsp;Zsófia Hegedüs,&nbsp;Fabio Altieri,&nbsp;Tamás A. Martinek,&nbsp;Jasmina Đeđibegović","doi":"10.1007/s00217-025-04833-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00217-025-04833-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The resistance of food-derived bioactive peptides to gastrointestinal enzymatic degradation remains a key challenge to address before considering their in vivo activity. While many in vitro studies explored peptide activity, proteolytic stability studies are limited. The proteolytic stability of some of the most potent proline-containing, milk protein-derived DPP-4 inhibitory peptides (IPI, IPA, IPM, LPQNIPPL, and INNQFLPYPY) from the BIOPEP-UWM database was initially screened using BIOPEP-UWM, ExPASy PeptideCutter, and ProsperousPlus in silico webservers. The peptides were synthesized and incubated separately in vitro with pepsin, chymotrypsin, or pancreatic elastase. The peptides were proteolytically stable during 3 h incubation, except INNQFLPYPY, which was partially degraded by chymotrypsin, supporting previous findings on hydrolysis resistance. However, the cleavage sites predicted by in silico tools were not fully confirmed by in vitro experiment. Misclassified cleavage sites were observed for proline-, asparagine-, or glutamine-containing peptide bonds, highlighting potential limitations of the commonly used in silico tools. To assess the observed differences, a statistical analysis was performed to evaluate predictive accuracy using a validation dataset of 897 previously tested cleavage sites. The in silico and in vitro agreement on cleavage sites was below 75%. Negative predictive values, supported by specificity data, indicate that in silico tools may miss 10–30% of the cleavage sites. The obtained likelihood ratio values (LR+ &lt; 10, LR- &gt; 0.1) did not meet the expected standards of accuracy. Analysis of the underlying methodology of the in silico tools clarified the potential causes of conflicting results and identified areas for improvement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":549,"journal":{"name":"European Food Research and Technology","volume":"251 10","pages":"3199 - 3214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of bovine and porcine species in foods containing animal gelatin with RT-PCR and Q-Exactive ORBITRAP device","authors":"Nuray Gamze Yörük","doi":"10.1007/s00217-025-04836-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00217-025-04836-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this research, the performances of Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Q-Exactive Orbitrap (Orbitrap MS) techniques were compared. The performance of both methods in identifying bovine and porcine gelatin components in sample categories such as chocolate, candy, biscuits, food supplements, jelly beans, etc. was considered. Results showed that Orbitrap MS achieved a high detection rate of 98.75% (100% for beef and 97.5% for pork), particularly in complex matrices. In contrast, RT-PCR showed acceptable performance only in simpler food matrices, with clear limitations in detecting degraded DNA in processed products. Overall, the results confirm the notion that Orbitrap molecular techniques should be preferred where precision and reliability are of utmost importance, such as regulatory compliance, especially halal certification.</p>","PeriodicalId":549,"journal":{"name":"European Food Research and Technology","volume":"251 10","pages":"3215 - 3224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nepetanudoside B, a potential new food additive isolated from Nepeta aristata: antioxidant, antibacterial, DFT, ADME/T, PASS prediction and MTT analysis studies","authors":"Yunus Basar,&nbsp;Semiha Yenigun,&nbsp;Tevfik Ozen,&nbsp;Ibrahim Demirtas,&nbsp;Ozge Balpınar,&nbsp;Lutfi Behcet","doi":"10.1007/s00217-025-04831-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00217-025-04831-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nutritional problems and food shortages worldwide drive increased focus on research on new and highly effective food supplements. Nepetanudoside B (NNB), an iridoid derivative found in <i>Nepeta</i> species, was isolated by <i>preparative</i> HPLC from the active methanol fraction of <i>Nepeta aristata</i>. The results showed that NNB was more effective than α-tocopherol in reducing power and phosphomolybdenum reducing activities. On the other hand, NNB was more effective than ascorbic acid in H₂O₂ and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities. NNB showed effective antimicrobial activity against <i>S. aureus</i>,<i> E. faecalis</i>, and <i>K. pneumoniae</i> pathogens. Moreover, the NNB has high gastrointestinal absorption and low toxicity in ADME/T prediction. In the DFT study, NNB had low softness (0.181 eV^-1), high hardness (2.762 eV), substantial electrophilicity value (2.179 eV), and BDE value (108.79 kcal/mol). The PASS was utilized to forecast the biological activity profiles of NNB before biological testing. In the MTT test, it was observed how different doses of NNB in the human oral fibroblast cell line affected cell viability, and it was found that NNB had no harmful effects. Therefore, NNB can be used in the food industry due to its antioxidant and antibacterial effects.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":549,"journal":{"name":"European Food Research and Technology","volume":"251 10","pages":"3123 - 3139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00217-025-04831-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flavonoids from aging tangerine peel alleviate OVA-induced allergic asthma through JAK/STAT signaling pathway in balb/c mice","authors":"Xiaoming Sun,&nbsp;Kunyi Liu,&nbsp;Le yu,&nbsp;Baojun Shan,&nbsp;Leixi Ye,&nbsp;Yunqi Shan,&nbsp;Hongjie Xu,&nbsp;Quan Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00217-025-04820-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00217-025-04820-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dry pericarp of the fruit of <i>Citrus reticulata</i> Blanco cultivar ‘Chachi’ is known as Guang ChenPi (GCP) in Guangdong province in China, which should be stored for more than three years for optimal bioactivity, especially for spleen-strengthening and cough relief. However, the molecular mechanisms and the impact of aging years on bioactivity in cough relief remain poorly understood. Herein, we investigate the efficacy of GCP of different aging years using an allergic asthma Balb/c mouse model in which airway hyperreactivity was induced by ovalbumin (OVA). The results showed that aqueous extracts of GCP of different aging years could reduce lung inflammation and airway tissue lesion, and could inhibit the expression of tracheal MUC5AC protein, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 mRNA levels in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) through the JAK/STAT pathway. Furthermore, we have identified 11 constituents absorbed in blood based on UHPLC-Orbitrap MS/MS and metabolism results showed that linoleic acid metabolism and sphingolipid signaling pathways are the primary mechanisms of the effort. The Grey correlation degree indicated the top three constituents of tangeretin, quinic acid and 2’,5,6-trimethoxyflavone, which were closely related to the effects of drying dampness and phlegm elimination. Importantly, our findings underscored that GCP of different aging years showed good efficacy in rescuing IL-13 and IL-4 levels in serum and BALF. This study provides new evidence that flavonoids in aging GCP could modulate activity towards alleviating OVA-induced allergic asthma through the JAK/STAT pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":549,"journal":{"name":"European Food Research and Technology","volume":"251 10","pages":"3071 - 3086"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}