Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antiproliferative properties of Turkish propolis sample

IF 3 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

European Food Research and Technology Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI:10.1007/s00217-024-04618-5

Merve Cora, Ülkü Zeynep Üreyen Esertaş, Yakup Kara, Sevgi Kolaylı

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Abstract

Propolis, a resinous substance collected by honeybees from various botanical sources, is known for its diverse biological activities. This study aimed to investigate the health-promoting properties of Turkish propolis by assessing its antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. Additionally, its antiviral effects were evaluated against human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) using MTT and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays. The antiproliferative potential of propolis was also tested against cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, AR42J, A549) and a normal epithelial cell line (Vero) through the MTT method. The ethanolic extract exhibited notable bioactive properties, as indicated by its high total phenolic content (TPC) of 235.86 ± 1.35 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid content (TFC) of 43.93 ± 1.14 mg QE/g, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of 332.04 ± 16.78 µmol FeSO_4.7H₂O/g, and a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)^• radical scavenging activity (SC₅₀) of 0.01 ± 0.00 mg/mL. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC–PDA) revealed that pinocembrin, chrysin, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) were the predominant compounds. The propolis extract showed antimicrobial activity against 7 of 14 tested microorganisms using the agar well diffusion method. While the extract inhibited quorum sensing activity, it did not exhibit anti-swarming or anti-biofilm effects. Cytotoxicity was observed in Vero and A549 cells at a concentration of 200 µg/mL, and in MDA-MB-231 and AR42J cells at 50 µg/mL. Moreover, the propolis extract displayed antiviral activity against HSV-1 at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. These findings underscore the broad-spectrum biological activity of Turkish propolis, reinforcing its potential as a nutraceutical agent with antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, and anticancer properties.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

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土耳其蜂胶样品的抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒和抗增殖特性

蜂胶是蜜蜂从各种植物中收集的一种树脂状物质，以其多种生物活性而闻名。本研究旨在通过评估土耳其蜂胶的抗氧化能力和对各种病原体的抗菌活性来研究其促进健康的特性。此外，采用MTT和定量实时聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）方法评价其对人类单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）的抗病毒作用。通过MTT法检测蜂胶对肿瘤细胞系（MDA-MB-231、AR42J、A549）和正常上皮细胞系（Vero）的抗增殖能力。乙醇提取物具有显著的生物活性，其总酚含量（TPC）为235.86±1.35 mg GAE/g，总黄酮含量（TFC）为43.93±1.14 mg QE/g，铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）为332.04±16.78µmol FeSO4.7H2O/g, 2,2-二苯基-1-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH）•自由基清除能力（SC50）为0.01±0.00 mg/mL。高效液相色谱（HPLC-PDA）分析表明，主要化合物为槲皮素、菊花素和咖啡酸苯乙酯（CAPE）。采用琼脂孔扩散法，蜂胶提取物对14种微生物中的7种具有抑菌活性。虽然提取物抑制群体感应活性，但它没有表现出抗蜂群或抗生物膜的作用。在浓度为200µg/mL的Vero和A549细胞中观察到细胞毒性，在浓度为50µg/mL的MDA-MB-231和AR42J细胞中观察到细胞毒性。蜂胶提取物在浓度为100µg/mL时对HSV-1具有抗病毒活性。这些发现强调了土耳其蜂胶的广谱生物活性，增强了其作为具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒和抗癌特性的营养保健剂的潜力。图形抽象

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来源期刊

European Food Research and Technology 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

3.00%

发文量

232

审稿时长

2.0 months

期刊介绍： The journal European Food Research and Technology publishes state-of-the-art research papers and review articles on fundamental and applied food research. The journal''s mission is the fast publication of high quality papers on front-line research, newest techniques and on developing trends in the following sections: -chemistry and biochemistry- technology and molecular biotechnology- nutritional chemistry and toxicology- analytical and sensory methodologies- food physics. Out of the scope of the journal are: - contributions which are not of international interest or do not have a substantial impact on food sciences, - submissions which comprise merely data collections, based on the use of routine analytical or bacteriological methods, - contributions reporting biological or functional effects without profound chemical and/or physical structure characterization of the compound(s) under research.