{"title":"Lossless grounded capacitance multipliers using two CFOAs and a grounded capacitor","authors":"Tolga Yucehan","doi":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two new lossless grounded capacitance multipliers (GCMs) are proposed, in which a grounded capacitor and two current-feedback operational amplifiers (CFOAs) are used. Nevertheless, two floating resistors are used in the proposed GCMs. The proposed GCMs consist of three passive components. Thus, the proposed GCMs are obtained with a minimal quantity of passive components. The proposed GCMs have a high operating frequency range at a high multiplying factor. Identical passive component requirements are not needed in the proposed GCMs. In addition, the proposed GCMs can be controlled electronically by using the current-controlled current conveyor with a buffer instead of the second CFOA. However, there is no investigation on electronic tunability in this study. 0.18 μm CMOS technology parameters are employed for the CFOAs used in the proposed lossless GCMs. The layout area of the CFOA is 978.75 μm<sup>2</sup>. All simulations are performed with the SPICE program. In all simulations, supply voltages of the CFOA are selected as ±1.25 V. The simulation results verified the theoretical results from about 30 Hz to 3 MHz. The simulation results show that temperature changes do not affect the proposed GCMs much. The proposed circuits consume 1.91 mW power. In addition, the GCMs in this paper are used in the first-order active low-pass filter, and experiments of these circuits are achieved with AD844s, which are commercial devices for the CFOAs. Also, the experimental results confirm the theoretical results from about 2.5 kHz to 1 MHz.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54973,"journal":{"name":"Integration-The Vlsi Journal","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CMOS multifunctional structure, with applications in analog signal processing","authors":"Cosmin Radu Popa","doi":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper will present an original multifunctional circuit that is able to implement (using the same functional core) a multitude of linear and nonlinear useful circuit functions: differential amplifiers and multiplier circuits with excellent linearity and extended range of the input amplitudes, squaring computational circuits, active resistors and function synthesizer structures with improved accuracy. The advantages of using this approach of designing analog signal processing structures are mainly related to the very important reducing of circuit complexity and accuracy for each developed circuit function. The circuits are designed for low-voltage low-power operations, being supplied at 0.7 V and consuming between 0.3uA and 0.9uA. They allow extremely large amplitude of the input signal (between −800mV and 800 mV), being able to obtain a very good accuracy of circuit functions implementations. The estimated theoretical results are confirmed by specific simulations, showing an excellent accuracy, correlated with a low-voltage low-power operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54973,"journal":{"name":"Integration-The Vlsi Journal","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"156 dB low-voltage low-power CMOS exponential function generator circuit","authors":"Cosmin Radu Popa","doi":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An original exponential function generator is presented, the original approach allowing to extremely accurate approximate the exponential function. The circuit output dynamic range is approximately 156 dB, for a maximal approximation error equal with 1 dB. The new proposed method uses a very precise superior-order approximation function, which is developed for requiring a very ressonable hardware resources for its implementation in CMOS technology. For further improving the accuracy of the proposed function generator circuit, an additional new method using a convenient variable changing is used. The proposed computational structure is designed for low-voltage low-power operation. The circuit is supplied at 1.1 V and its maximal power consumption is approximately 5 μW. The computational structure is developed for implementing in 0.18μ TSMC CMOS process, the approximately area being 1600 μm<sup>2</sup>. The SPICE simulations of the exponential function generator operation confirm the theoretical estimated results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54973,"journal":{"name":"Integration-The Vlsi Journal","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruben Alaniz-Plata , Fernando Lopez-Medina , Oleg Sergiyenko , Wendy Flores-Fuentes , Julio C. Rodríguez-Quiñonez , Cesar Sepulveda-Valdez , José A. Núñez-López , David Meza-García , José Fabián Villa-Manríquez , Humberto Andrade-Collazo , Vera Tyrsa
{"title":"Extrinsic calibration of complex machine vision system for mobile robot","authors":"Ruben Alaniz-Plata , Fernando Lopez-Medina , Oleg Sergiyenko , Wendy Flores-Fuentes , Julio C. Rodríguez-Quiñonez , Cesar Sepulveda-Valdez , José A. Núñez-López , David Meza-García , José Fabián Villa-Manríquez , Humberto Andrade-Collazo , Vera Tyrsa","doi":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autonomous mobile robots are essential in industry, logistics, and service applications, such as infrastructure inspection, where navigation in dark and narrow environments is one of the most challenging tasks. This project presents the design and development of a patented artificial vision system for a mobile robot, which combines a high-precision laser scanner and a stereo-vision system. The objective is to enhance the robot’s surface scanning capabilities in complex environments. The proposed methodology allows to determine the relative position between systems to integrate data of the laser scanner with stereo-vision cameras and inertial sensors, providing robust and accurate environmental perception that enables the characterization of ventilation ducts surface. Experimental results show a mean correspondence error of <span><math><mrow><mn>7</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4515</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>mm</mi></mrow></math></span> in absolute terms for the combined data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54973,"journal":{"name":"Integration-The Vlsi Journal","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143288287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xingyu Tong , Yuhao Ren , Zhijie Cai , Peng Zou , Min Wei , Yuan Wen , Zhifeng Lin , Jianli Chen
{"title":"O.O: Optimized one-die placement for face-to-face bonded 3D ICs","authors":"Xingyu Tong , Yuhao Ren , Zhijie Cai , Peng Zou , Min Wei , Yuan Wen , Zhifeng Lin , Jianli Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the miniaturization of integrated circuits (ICs) reaches its physical limits, the industry is entering a “more-than-Moore” era, demanding new Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools. Existing TSV-based 3D placers focus on minimizing cuts while burgeoning F2F-bonded ICs feature dense interconnection between two planar die. Towards this novel structure, we proposed an integrated adaptation methodology upon mature one-die-based placement strategies. First, we instructively utilized a one-die placer to provide a statistical looking-ahead net diagnosis. The netlist henceforth shall be coarsened topologically and geometrically using a multi-level framework. Our multi-objective gain formulation guides a level-by-level refinement of the partition. This formulation considers factors like cut expectation, heterogeneous row heights, and balanced cell distribution, enabling efficient incremental calculations at each level. Given the partition, we synchronized the behavior of analytical planar placers by balancing the density and wirelength objective function among asymmetric layers. Finally, the result will be further improved by heuristic detail placement of bonding terminals and a post-place partition adjustment. Experimental results demonstrate that our fine-grained fusion of partitioning and placement techniques are competitive compared with the top three winners of the 2022 ICCAD CAD Contest, achieving the best normalized average wirelength with competitive runtime under various 3D architectural constraints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54973,"journal":{"name":"Integration-The Vlsi Journal","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Sánchez-López, R. Ochoa-Montiel, E. Reyes-Pérez, C. Muñiz-Montero
{"title":"Comparison of integer-order chaotic attractors as randomness source in collision-free robotic exploration methods","authors":"C. Sánchez-López, R. Ochoa-Montiel, E. Reyes-Pérez, C. Muñiz-Montero","doi":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents a comparison on the use of integer-order chaotic waveforms in collision-free robotic navigation methods. Each state-variable associated with the Lorenz’s, Rossler’s, Chen’s, Liu’s, Chua’s and Saturated Nonlinear Function Series system is used to compute the coverage, which represents the effectiveness over the amount of the total area covered by the mobile robot. As a result, it can be deduced which dynamic system and state-variable are most suitable to be used as randomness source within the robotic exploration methods. All positions of the mobile robot are generated by the state-variable of the chaotic dynamic system and the inverse Jacobian of the mobile robot is used as control law. The position error at each point of the chaotic path is iteratively reduced and the angular velocities for each motion are computed. Numerical simulations were performed in the Matlab environment and illustrate the usefulness of the best collisionless chaotic path generator with the largest coverage, which can be applied to various areas, such as household, agriculture, education, manufacturing, patrolling, medical care, military and so on.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54973,"journal":{"name":"Integration-The Vlsi Journal","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alejandro Silva-Juarez , Sergio A. Rosales-Nunez , Luis C. Alvarez-Simon , Gregorio Zamora-Mejia , Victor H. Carbajal-Gomez , Alejandro I. Bautista-Castillo , Jose M. Rocha-Perez
{"title":"Simulation of fractional order chaotic oscillators applying the Grünwald–Letnikov definition and the Adams–Bashforth–Moulton method","authors":"Alejandro Silva-Juarez , Sergio A. Rosales-Nunez , Luis C. Alvarez-Simon , Gregorio Zamora-Mejia , Victor H. Carbajal-Gomez , Alejandro I. Bautista-Castillo , Jose M. Rocha-Perez","doi":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the numerical simulation of chaotic behavior in autonomous nonlinear dynamic models with fractional-order derivatives, aiming to analyze the effectiveness of different numerical methods in obtaining chaotic attractors. Six fractional-order chaotic oscillators are examined, applying the Grünwald–Letnikov definition approximations and the Adams–Bashforth–Moulton method using a predictor–corrector scheme. Equilibrium points are analyzed, and eigenvalues are calculated to determine the minimum order of derivatives that guarantees chaotic behavior. The results show significant differences between the methods in terms of accuracy and efficiency, highlighting the importance of selecting the numerical method in the simulation of fractional systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54973,"journal":{"name":"Integration-The Vlsi Journal","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lixia Zheng, Yuxiao Li, Zilu Zhao, Hehe Tian, Jin Wu, Weifeng Sun
{"title":"A broadband low-noise VCO circuit based on a hybrid analog-digital control loop","authors":"Lixia Zheng, Yuxiao Li, Zilu Zhao, Hehe Tian, Jin Wu, Weifeng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To meet the need for high-performance, broadband PLL frequency synthesizers in modern RF transceivers, this paper designs a broadband, low-noise VCO circuit using 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The VCO system employs multi-core integration and switched-capacitor arrays, integrating seven narrowband VCOs for full wideband frequency coverage. To mitigate phase noise exacerbated by VCO output swing fluctuations with frequency and PVT, a digital-analog hybrid control loop is designed for dynamic swing calibration. A novel amplitude control module utilizes current mirroring to stabilize VCO cross-coupled transistors, replacing tail current sources, enhancing calibration accuracy and reducing phase noise. The VCO circuit was tested on a lock-in frequency synthesizer chip at room temperature, and the test results show that the tuning frequency range of the VCO system is 7.22–15.12 GHz, the absolute value of the voltage-controlled gain is less than 200 MHz/V, and the phase noise at the 14.5 GHz carrier with 1 MHz frequency deviation is −116.61 dBc/Hz.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54973,"journal":{"name":"Integration-The Vlsi Journal","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143288288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adán Torralba-Ayance, Astrid Maritza González-Zapata, Alejandro Díaz-Sánchez
{"title":"High-speed serial interface equalization tuning using metaheuristics","authors":"Adán Torralba-Ayance, Astrid Maritza González-Zapata, Alejandro Díaz-Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work tests and confirms the capability of the Particle Swam Optimization (PSO) algorithm to find the equalization coefficients used in High-Speed Serial Interfaces (HSIO) to compensate the channel frequency dependent losses. To test the algorithm, a HSIO system with a Feed-Forward Equalizer (FFE), Continuous Time Linear Equalizer (CTLE) and Direct Feedback Equalizer (DFE) were modeled and tested for channels with different losses. Results indicate that the PSO algorithm successfully obtain the optimal equalization coefficients simultaneously.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54973,"journal":{"name":"Integration-The Vlsi Journal","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed S. Elwakil , Brent J. Maundy , Costas Psychalinos , Amr Elsonbaty
{"title":"Third-order resonance networks and their application to chaos generation","authors":"Ahmed S. Elwakil , Brent J. Maundy , Costas Psychalinos , Amr Elsonbaty","doi":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vlsi.2025.102348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we re-visit third-order RLC resonance networks depicting the set of four basic series and parallel resonance circuits where two circuits are admittance based (parallel resonance) and the other two are impedance-based (series resonance). We show that all circuits exhibit resonance at a single frequency and derive its expression. However, all circuits also have another below-resonance or above-resonance critical frequency at which the input impedance (or admittance) is zero. We call this frequency, the <em>dip-frequency</em> and a change in phase also occurs at this frequency. Therefore, the third-order resonance networks exhibit two phase changes: one at the resonance frequency and another at the <em>dip frequency</em>. An application in realizing third-order non-autonomous chaotic oscillators is described and experimental results are provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54973,"journal":{"name":"Integration-The Vlsi Journal","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}