International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping最新文献

{"title":"Investigations of hydrogen diffusion and embrittlement behavior in tempered high-strength carbon steel AISI 4130","authors":"Yuman Sun,&nbsp;Wenhong Ding,&nbsp;Mingquan Li,&nbsp;Yongshan Li,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Lu,&nbsp;Zuwei Gan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the role of hydrogen accumulation within microstructure in hydrogen embrittlement (HE) susceptibility of tempered AISI 4130 steel. The mechanical properties and fracture behaviors of the steel were investigated using slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests. The microstructure was characterized by electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD), while the hydrogen distribution within the microstructure was assessed through the hydrogen microprint technique (HMT) test and crystal plasticity finite element modeling. The results demonstrated that hydrogen preferentially accumulates at prior austenite grain (PAG) boundaries in hydrogen pre-charged samples due to heterogeneous stress distribution within the microstructure. The fracture surface morphology analysis of hydrogen-induced cracks (HIC) along PAG boundaries verified the role of stress localization in promoting hydrogen accumulation and initiating HIC, which is characteristic in line with the hydrogen-enhanced decohesion mechanism. This study demonstrated that the HE susceptibility decreases with an increase in tempered temperature from 500 °C to 600 °C, which correlates with a decrease in grain boundary density and the corresponding reduction of the initiation sites of HIC. This correlation is evidenced by the decreased percentage of the brittle area observed in fracture surface morphology. This work provides insights into the intricate interplay between microstructure, hydrogen accumulation, and HE susceptibility in tempered AISI 4130 steel, which can contribute to the development of more reliable high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 105447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of quasi-cleavage fracture of pre-strained X80 pipeline steel subjected to SSRT tests in gas hydrogen","authors":"Shiyao Peng ,&nbsp;Yan-Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Chong Chai ,&nbsp;Yebin Pei ,&nbsp;Daowu Zhou ,&nbsp;Can Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most hydrogen embrittlement (HE) mechanisms involve interaction between hydrogen and dislocations. The interaction depends on dislocation density and time for hydrogen to diffuse. This study investigated the HE behaviour and determined the cleavage cracking characteristics of an X80 pipeline steel by carrying out slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests on specimens with different levels of pre-strain and at different strain rates in gaseous hydrogen and examination of the cracking and fracture and characteristics. Pre-straining history and a slower strain rate increased the tendency of the pipeline steel to HE. The current detailed fractographic examination of the tested specimens revealed that cracking occurred on the {112} and {110} slip planes in this pipeline steel. The terrace morphology was observed on the fracture surfaces and nearly parallel crystallographic cracks on the side surfaces. They were attributed to hydrogen promoted dislocation mobility on localized and preferred slip systems. Coalescence of these discrete cracks led to quasi-cleavage fracture of the specimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 105448"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning assessment of the importance of unirradiated yield strength as a variable in embrittlement trend forecasting","authors":"Diego Ferreño ,&nbsp;Marjorie Erickson ,&nbsp;Mark Kirk ,&nbsp;José A. Sainz-Aja","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an investigation into the possible influence of pre-irradiation hardening of RPV steel on the transition temperature shift, ΔT_41J. Using the ASTM PLOTTER-22 database supplemented with unirradiated yield stress, YS(u), data the study uses machine learning regression algorithms to construct a predictive model that accounts for YS(u) alongside more well-established predictor variables (e.g., copper, fluence, …). The Gradient Boosting algorithm emerged as the most efficient, with performance metrics R² = 0.89 ± 0.02 and root-mean square error (RMSE) = 11.2 ± 0.7 °C. Comparative analyses via bootstrapping underscore the beneficial effect of incorporating YS(u) as a regressor, resulting in a RMSE reduction by 7 % and R² improvement of 15 %. Feature interpretation techniques demonstrate that the significance of YS(u) is comparable to elements like nickel and irradiation temperature and above others such as manganese, phosphorus, or the product form of the steel. The revealed trend — higher YS(u) corresponding to lower ΔT_41J — and the lack of significant interactions between YS(u) and the chemical composition, supports the roughly independent role of YS(u). These results underscore the value of incorporating YS(u) as a predictor variable for irradiation embrittlement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 105444"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress relaxation of inconel 718 superalloy manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM)","authors":"Sh Alikarami,&nbsp;S. Nakhodchi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress relaxation behaviour of Inconel 718 superalloy manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) at the temperatures rang of 650–750 °C and 2 % strain were experimentally investigated and compared with IN718 forged material. During SLM manufacturing process the material is exposed to the cyclic thermal histories and fast local solidification process. Therefore, internal stresses are generated in the component during the SLM process and they may impact the material performance and cause early failure. Stress relaxation in the components such as fasteners may alter the integrity of the whole structure. It was found that the relaxation behavior of the SLM IN718 specimens are differs from forged manufactured specimens. The comparison results show that the decrease of relaxation limit for SLM specimens is more than 90 % when the temperature rises from 650 °C to 750 °C which is much higher than that of forged specimens. The stress relaxation stability of forged specimens is higher than that of SLM specimens at all tested temperatures. The homogenization and solution heat treatment process was performed on SLMed IN718 specimen shows a higher stress relaxation rate compared with as-received SLMed specimens. The stress exponent, n, for power law creep relation was determined for SLMed and forged IN718 at 700 °C and it was found that dislocation motion predominantly controls the stress relaxation mechanism in the IN718 alloy at this temperature. The investigations reveal that the analytical results closely matched the results obtained from experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 105442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation and 3D modelling of Cast Duplex Stainless Steel microstructure: Application to ultrasonic wave propagation simulations","authors":"Zakaria Aghenzour ,&nbsp;Pierre-Emile Lhuillier ,&nbsp;Nicolas Leymarie ,&nbsp;Vincent Dorval ,&nbsp;Alexandre Imperiale","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2024.105430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2024.105430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to their high strength and corrosion resistance, Cast Duplex Stainless Steels (CDSS) are employed in the primary coolant piping of nuclear power reactors. In-service Non-Destructive Evaluations (NDEs) based on Ultrasonic Testing (UT) must be conducted to ensure their safe operation. However, accurately detecting and sizing flaws within CDSS components poses a significant challenge. This is primarily due to their manufacturing process, which results in metallurgical structures featuring coarse grains and complex microstructural features, including a dual-phase composition with various morphological scales. Thus, in these structures, ultrasonic waves undergo scattering at grain boundaries, leading to high attenuation and structure noise echoes that alter the inspection. Modelling these phenomena using 3D numerical simulation tools with a detailed description of the microstructure allows for a better understanding of the multiple wave/microstructure interactions by quantifying the influence of microstructural characteristics on NDE performance. This paper aims to present the results of numerical simulations applied to representative CDSS microstructures. Thanks to the use and development of numerical tools, virtual microstructures of these duplex steels can be generated with different levels of complexity in Representative Elements Volumes (REVs). These REVs are validated to varying scales through comparison with experimental metallurgical characterisations. They are then used to define the propagation media using dedicated Finite Element (FE) software to observe the impact of this microstructure on ultrasonic waves. These FE simulations will then characterise the effective homogeneous media by determining attenuation and phase velocity variations as a function of the wave frequency. The attenuation results obtained from these simulations are compared with experimental attenuation measurements for different frequencies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 105430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limit state-based fitness-for-service assessments of steel pipelines containing dent-gouges","authors":"Z. He,&nbsp;W. Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a framework for the limit state-based assessment (LSBA) of steel pipelines containing damages in the form of dent-gouges. The LSBA is formulated based on the factored burst capacity computed using the improved European Pipeline Research Group model for dent-gouges with partial safety factors assigned to key input variables and factored pipeline internal pressure. A novel methodology is developed to calibrate the partial safety factors by making the outcomes of LSBA consistent with those of the reliability-based assessment for a set of assessment cases representative of in-service pipelines. The first-order reliability method is employed to evaluate the failure probabilities of the assessment cases. The validity of the calibrated partial safety factors is demonstrated based on a large set of assessment cases that are independent of those employed in the calibration process. The advantages of LSBA over the deterministic fitness-for-service assessment are further illustrated. The proposed framework for LSBA can be applied to pipelines containing other types of damages such as corrosion and cracks, and will facilitate the performance-based pipeline integrity management practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 105440"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Buckling capacity of spherical shells with local thickness reduction under radial ring load","authors":"Song Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhongwei Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhancai Lao ,&nbsp;Hui Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hollow spheres have been widely used and recognized in aerospace, ocean engineering, and other fields. Radial ring load is common in practical engineering, such as the support ring of spherical tank and the spherical shell of welded hollow spherical joints (WHSJs). The influences of different corrosion positions, corrosion parameters, and geometric parameters on the buckling capacity of spherical shells under radial ring load are studied by the finite element (FE) model. A simplified method for calculating the buckling capacity of the WHSJs subjected to axial compression and the hemispherical shell with radial ring load is proposed. In addition, a formula of reduce factors about the position of the corrosion pit and corroded thickness is introduced for obtaining the buckling capacity. The results show that the proposed formula can be used to accurately predict the buckling bearing capacity, which lays the foundation of the theoretical analysis for the shells with local thickness reduction under radial ring load.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 105441"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The precipitation and coarsening behaviors of Cu-rich particles and the effect on the hardness of S30432 tube after aging and creep at elevated temperatures","authors":"Renyuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuntong Liu ,&nbsp;Lihui Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precipitation and coarsening behaviors of Cu-rich particles and the effect on the hardness of S30432 tube after aging and creep for up to 25848 h at the elevated temperatures were systematically investigated by the means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) and Vickers hardness measurement. Results show that Cu-rich particles form rapidly during short-term aging and creep at high temperature, and they are always coherent with the γ-matrix in S30432 steel. Cu-rich particles coarsen slowly, and they are still very fine even after 25848 h of creep. The coarsening of Cu-rich particles in S30432 steel follows the diffusion-controlled Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner (LSW) theory, and the coarsening activation energy was estimated to be 238.87 kJ/mol. Increasing temperature effectively increases the coarsening rate of Cu-rich particles by promoting the diffusion of Cu atoms. The coherent relationship between Cu-rich particles and γ-matrix leads to low interfacial energy of Cu-rich particle/γ-matrix interface. Based on the experimental results and our former investigations, the interfacial segregation of Mn and Al retards the coarsening of Cu-rich particles by not only decreasing the interfacial energy but also acting as a barrier for the diffusion of Cu atoms. With increasing the time, the retarding effect increases due to the enhanced interfacial segregation of Mn and Al. Cu-rich particles tend to coarsen more quickly during creep than aging in S30432 steel. The precipitation and coarsening behaviors of Cu-rich particles play a vital role in the hardness variation of S30432 steel, appropriate addition of Cu, Mn and Al may be useful for promoting the precipitation and controlling the coarsening of Cu-rich particles to further optimize the strength at the elevated temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 105443"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative study on magnetic flux leakage internal detection signal of defects on the outer wall of bimetal composite pipes","authors":"Tengjiao He ,&nbsp;Hanyu Zhong ,&nbsp;Kexi Liao ,&nbsp;Jiancheng Liao ,&nbsp;Shuai Zhao ,&nbsp;Guoxi He ,&nbsp;Jiezhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bimetal composite pipes are widely used in oil and gas gathering pipelines due to their exceptional anti-corrosion and high-pressure resistance properties. However, the magnetic flux leakage (MFL) internal detection device for single-layer pipes is unsuitable for the bimetal composite pipe. It is difficult to detect the location and size of pipe defects in the outer layer. To solve the problem of poor detection performance for the bimetal composite pipe, this paper conducted a series of studies. Firstly, in this paper, the multi-layer media magnetic dipole model for bimetal composite pipes is established. Then, the influence of the thickness and permeability of the inner layer on the MFL signal of the outer wall defects is quantitatively studied. What's more, a MFL detection simulation model for bimetal composite pipes is established, and the detection rate of defects on the outer wall of bimetal composite pipes is improved by optimizing the design of the magnetization device. Finally, a defect size inversion method in the outer layer of bimetal composite pipes is proposed, which is validated by an indoor experimental test. The results indicate that compared to the case with the inner layer, the amplitude of axial and radial MFL signals raise by 74 % and 76 % respectively in the absence of an inner layer pipeline. The amplitude of the MFL signal of the outer wall defect decreases exponentially as the thickness and relative magnetic permeability of the inner layer increase. After optimizing the magnetization device, the magnetic induction intensity of the outer layer is increased by 29 %, and the detection rate of defects is increased by 37 %. The maximum error of the defect size inversion model is 6.4 %, which meets the requirements of engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 105438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the butt-weld process of pipes based on the inherent strain approach","authors":"Mohammad Jafari Najafi,&nbsp;Amir Khosravifard,&nbsp;Ali Nayebi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Welded parts often suffer from distortion and residual stresses, leading to assembly inaccuracies and increased costs. To enhance the quality of welded structures, it is essential to predict and mitigate these issues. Traditionally, time-consuming thermo-elastoplastic (TEP) analyses are used to estimate welding stresses and distortions. In the present study, the theory of inherent strain and the elastic finite element method have been employed for accurate and rapid prediction of distortion and residual stresses in butt-welded pipes. Furthermore, to improve the overall weld quality, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the main arc welding parameters such as welding power and the ratio of input heat to pipe thickness and the number of intermittent welding sections. The accuracy of the analyses is validated by comparing the simulation results with the FEM and experimental results of [1]. The optimization of the welding process was able to reduce the residual stress and deformation by 5 % and 9 %, respectively. The inherent strain method has been shown to reduce the computational cost of the analyses by more than 95 %, compared to the conventional TEP analysis, while preserving an acceptable accuracy in terms of the predicted residual stresses and deformations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 105439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}