International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of crack propagation and mechanical field evolution at the tip of a growing crack under variable loading in dissimilar metal welded joints","authors":"Zheng Wang ,&nbsp;He Xue ,&nbsp;Yuzhong Hui ,&nbsp;Rongxin Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Wu ,&nbsp;Yubiao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates crack propagation paths at different locations in a dissimilar metal welded joint (DMWJ) within a nuclear power plant (NPP) and examines the distribution of mechanical fields at the tip of the growing crack under various loading conditions. First, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the DMWJ are thoroughly analyzed. Next, the field subroutine “USDFLD” is used to establish a correlation between the non-uniformly distributed material mechanical properties and their spatial positions, thus characterizing the mechanical heterogeneity within the welded joint. Building upon this, a crack growth criterion based on the crack tip opening stress (CTOS) is developed using XFEM in conjunction with the UDMGINI subroutine. The influence of mechanical heterogeneity on stress corrosion cracking (SCC) propagation paths are then investigated. Finally, utilizing the identified crack propagation paths, the mechanical fields at the tip of the growing crack are analyzed under different loading conditions. The results indicate significant differences in the microstructure of local regions of the DMWJ, leading to an uneven distribution of local mechanical properties. Chemical composition gradients exist in the interface region, and significant fluctuations in mechanical properties are often observed near the interface. The material on the higher yield strength side has lower plastic constraints and crack resistance, which tends to result in a higher crack tip driving force. SCC cracks usually propagate towards the higher yield strength side, and the higher the yield strength, the longer the crack propagation length. Crack propagation induces the unloading process at the crack tip. As the crack extends, residual stresses or residual plastic strains are released and redistributed at the crack tip. A single tensile overload can relax the stress near the crack tip within a certain distance, reducing the strain rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue life of elbow pipe for in-plane loading (Part II: carbon steel)","authors":"Masayuki Kamaya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It has been pointed out that the fatigue life of elbow pipes made of carbon steel subjected to cyclic in-plane bending was shorter than that predicted for uniaxial cyclic loading. This study aimed to investigate the fatigue life of elbow pipes and to quantify the reduction in fatigue life for component design. The fatigue test was conducted at room temperature using eight elbow specimens made of carbon steel. To suppress the ratcheting strain, only slight internal pressure was applied to detect crack penetration. Uniaxial and plate bending fatigue tests were also conducted using specimens taken from an elbow pipe of the same heat. The equivalent strain range at the crack initiation point, which was the inner surface of the crown, was successfully estimated from the measured strain using finite element analysis results. It was shown that the fatigue life obtained by the elbow test was shorter than that obtained by the axial and plate bending fatigue tests for the same equivalent strain range, and the reduction in fatigue life became more significant as the strain range increased. It was deduced that the ratcheting strain was not a major factor that caused the fatigue life reduction of elbow pipes. Then, the degree of the fatigue life reduction of the elbow specimens was quantified. The ratio of the fatigue life of the elbow specimen to that for uniaxial fatigue loading did not exceed 4 when the fatigue life of the elbow pipe was more than 120 cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105491"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive study on the failure modes of steel strips reinforced thermoplastic pipe under torsion","authors":"Yuteng Zhang,&nbsp;Wenshu Liu,&nbsp;Mohsen Saneian,&nbsp;Yong Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pipelines endure a massive amount of torsion in the reeling process and installation. The pipe may face torque in two directions, clockwise and anticlockwise while the torsional behaviour of the pipeline has a strong asymmetry due to its helically-wrapped layers. Investigating the mechanical behaviour of steel strips reinforced thermoplastic pipe (SSRTP) subjected to both twist angles is hence important for engineering applications. A comprehensive numerical model is established to determine all failure modes of SSRTP under torsion. Compared with a newly presented theory, the torsion stiffness obtained from the numerical model is verified. Experimental tests are employed for a better understanding of the SSRTP's practical response against torsion. The similarities and differences in the behaviour of SSRTP under both positive and negative torsional angles are pointed out. The effect of friction on the pipe's mechanical behaviour is analyzed comprehensively and related recommendations are proposed. Besides, a parametric study is carried out to obtain the characteristics that most significantly affect the torsional behaviour of pipe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The correlation between Charpy impact energy and microstructural heterogeneity in the vicinity of fusion line for X80 girth welds at brittle-to-ductile transition region","authors":"Shengyi Sha ,&nbsp;Qingshan Feng ,&nbsp;Lianshuang Dai ,&nbsp;Zengcai Li ,&nbsp;Baoming Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the correlation between Charpy impact energy and microstructural heterogeneity in the vicinity of fusion line (FL) for X80 steel girth welds to determine accurate absorbed energy values and minimize the apparent scatter at brittle-to-ductile transition region. The results indicate that both the total impact energy and stable crack growth energy demonstrate a linear dependence on the proportion of FL in the crack propagation path, while the crack initiation energy remains largely unaffected. Furthermore, fractographic observations reveal that the fracture mode transition from ductile dimples to cleavage fracture is a key factor contributing to the high scatter of Charpy impact values in the FL region. Specimens with lower impact toughness exhibited numerous cleavage facets and secondary cracks near the primary crack. In contrast, specimens with higher impact toughness exhibited more tortuous primary crack path. In summary, the scatter in Charpy impact energy at the FL region is influenced by the microstructural characteristics along the crack propagation path and the degree of crack tortuosity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fragility analysis of nuclear containment vessels under accident internal pressure considering statistical uncertainty","authors":"Xinbo Li ,&nbsp;Xingyi Wu ,&nbsp;Jinxin Gong ,&nbsp;Song Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Assessing the probabilistic safety performance of nuclear containment vessels (NCVs) under accident conditions is essential for ensuring nuclear safety. This study investigates the statistical uncertainty involved in fragility analysis of NCVs subjected to internal pressure. Based on the mathematical statistical principle and reliability theory, a new method is proposed for quantifying the statistical uncertainty of the fragility curve. On this basis, a method for determining the minimum number of necessary samples to meet the desired analytical accuracy is presented. After validating the effectiveness of the proposed methods, it is applied to assess the fragility and reliability of the NCV under internal pressure. The results show that statistical uncertainty significantly affects the fragility curve and total failure probability of the NCV when the number of simulation samples is limited, and the extent of the impact is closely related to the confidence level. The proposed methods can effectively quantify the statistical uncertainty in fragility analysis and can determine the minimum number of simulation samples required for fragility analysis at a specified confidence level and analytical accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarifying creep-susceptible zone in 9Cr steel weldments via interrupted testing","authors":"Zhengman Gu ,&nbsp;Ming Zhong ,&nbsp;Artem Minkov ,&nbsp;Fiodar Pantsialeyenka ,&nbsp;Cong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>9Cr steel welded joints are prone to Type IV premature failure during high-temperature service. Understanding the creep cracking mechanism and elucidating the microstructural evolution within the creep-susceptible zone constitute critical countermeasures preventing Type IV creep cracking. However, the exact location of the creep-susceptible zone remains ambiguous. Our findings reveal a notable migration of the soft zone in actual weldments during the secondary creep stage. Ensuing microstructural analysis further corroborates that microstructures within the creep-susceptible zone consist of tempered martensites with small prior austenite grain sizes and a high proportion of fine-grain ferrites (80.8 %). Fine-grained ferrites degrade rapidly during creep, accompanied by a swift decrease in dislocation density, leading to a significant reduction in hardness. Compared to tempered martensites, ferrite grain boundaries are more susceptible to creep cavity formation and coalescence, ultimately resulting in creep cracking along grain boundaries. These findings may offer valuable insights into the mechanisms of Type IV creep cracking and will facilitate tackling challenges pertinent to circumventing this failure mode.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A TSC model for pipelines girth weld considering variations in toughness across different regions","authors":"Qun Chang,&nbsp;Peng Jiao,&nbsp;Chen Zhiping","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tensile strain capacity (TSC) model serves as a robust tool for assessing the integrity of pipeline girth welds and associated defects. However, existing TSC models predominantly rely on static crack methods, making it challenging to capture the effects of crack propagation and fracture toughness on the load-bearing capacity of pipeline girth welds. Therefore, this study investigated the initiation and propagation of pipeline cracks using the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) model. A novel method was introduced for the first time to characterize toughness variations across different regions of pipeline girth welds, employing Charpy impact energy. The study examined how differences in strength matching and toughness affect crack initiation location, and proposed a criterion for evaluating remote strain at the point of crack wall penetration. Based on this, the influence of crack location and size on the load-bearing capacity of pipeline girth welds was analyzed. Additionally, the effects of strength matching, the degree of softening in the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and toughness differences on load-bearing capacity were investigated. The study also proposed a novel predictive formula for tensile strain capacity, incorporating these factors. Results indicate that toughness significantly influences crack initiation location more than strength matching or HAZ softening, with cracks tending to initiate at regions of lower toughness even if strength is higher. Pipeline load-bearing capacity was found to be lower when crack initiation occurred within the HAZ. Moreover, load-bearing capacity increased with the strength matching coefficient, HAZ matching coefficient, and toughness matching coefficient, with this relationship fitting a quadratic function. Conversely, the load-bearing capacity of pipeline girth welds is inversely proportional to crack depth and length. The newly developed predictive formula demonstrated a normal distribution error margin within 10 %, confirming its accuracy. These findings are valuable for addressing TSC conservatism and expanding its applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the axial tensile properties of cladding tubes using a modified small punch test","authors":"Sixiong Zeng ,&nbsp;Peinan Du ,&nbsp;Huan Sheng Lai ,&nbsp;Quan Wen ,&nbsp;Yuntao Zhong ,&nbsp;Chunmei Bai ,&nbsp;Jinquan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tensile properties play a critical role in characterizing the mechanical behavior of cladding tubes. In this study, a modified small punch test (SPT) called single stress small punch test (SS-SPT) was proposed to investigate the axial tensile properties of cladding tubes. Semi-cylindrical SS-SPT specimens, directly prepared from cladding tubes, were subjected to a single stress state under an applied punch force. Finite element simulation results demonstrated that determining both yield stress and ultimate tensile stress using the SS-SPT was not only feasible but also accurate. Moreover, the axial tensile properties of a FeCrAl cladding tube were investigated using the SS-SPT. It was observed that the determined axial yield stress and ultimate tensile stress of the FeCrAl cladding tube exhibited a reduction of 7 %, compared to those obtained from axial uniaxial tensile tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 105469"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of vertical reinforcement on the buckling behavior of thin-walled cylinders subjected to axial load","authors":"Francisco Cáceres ,&nbsp;José Colombo ,&nbsp;Gaspar Auad ,&nbsp;Victor Contreras ,&nbsp;José Almazán","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of 3D nonlinear finite element models were developed to evaluate the buckling behavior of a thin-walled cylinder with vertical reinforcing ribs evenly distributed around its perimeter. Reinforcement locations in the lower-upper zones, central section, and the entire mantle were analyzed, subjecting the cylinder to an axial compression load at the upper edge of the mantle. First, the 3D finite element models were validated by comparison with experimental results previously reported in the literature. Four reinforcement configurations were then applied to the initial geometry to assess the behavior of the cylinder with and without the proposed reinforcements. Buckling failure and load capacity of the thin-walled cylinders were analyzed. Nonlinearities due to material properties, second-order effects, and initial geometric imperfections were considered. The results show that full-height reinforcement in the compression zone of the mantle increases buckling resistance by <strong>40 %</strong> for thin-walled cylinders subjected to axial load. Therefore, this type of reinforcement can be a good alternative to enhance buckling resistance in cylindrical metallic structures, including tanks and silos, subjected to similar loading conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of residual stress on the axial buckling behaviour of the hydraulic-formed bellows","authors":"Shuang Yu ,&nbsp;Zhandong Wan ,&nbsp;Jian Lin ,&nbsp;Ziang Zhou ,&nbsp;Yehui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Residual stress is inevitable in the hydraulic-formed process of metal bellows. It is essential to consider the effect of residual stress on buckling behaviour of bellows in order to optimize the stability design. In this paper, a finite element model was developed to analyze the effect of residual stress on the axial buckling behavior of bellows under axial load and internal pressure. The model was validated by theoretical instability modes and formulas of bar system and cylindrical. The influence of residual stress on the buckling behaviour of bellows was discussed under different geometric shapes, material elastic modulus, and service temperatures. The results indicated that the critical instability load decreased under both applied axial load and combined load (axial and internal pressure load) when considering residual stress, while it increased under internal pressure loads. The reduction in axial load amplitude caused by residual stress increases with the increased elastic modulus and the decreased service temperature. The mechanism has been discussed and a pattern for optimizing design was proposed to enhance the stability and reliability of the bellows under complex conditions based on the established model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 105468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}