Yu Wang, Xiaoxin Zhang, Jun Zhang, Hao Ren, Qingzhi Yan
{"title":"Improving creep properties of RAFM steel with high V & Ta","authors":"Yu Wang, Xiaoxin Zhang, Jun Zhang, Hao Ren, Qingzhi Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reduced activation ferritic-martensitic (RAFM) steels are promising candidates for fusion reactor blankets, and their creep properties are significantly influenced by characteristics of MX carbonitrides. In this study, a RAFM steel with high contents of V (0.27 wt%) and Ta (0.18 wt%) was fabricated to promote the formation of numerous nanoscale MX carbonitrides, designated as 9Cr-MX. The 9Cr-MX steel was subjected to creep tests at 650 °C with 100, 120, 175, 200 MPa and 700 °C with 40, 50, 60 MPa. The creep rupture life, minimum creep rate and Larson-Miller parameter (LMP) values were obtained. The microstructure of the steel, including martensitic laths, M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbides, MX carbonitrides, was characterized utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in both the tab and gauge sections before and after creep. The results indicated that 9Cr-MX steel exhibited favorable creep properties. The steel achieved a rupture life of 3566 h, a minimum creep rate of 2.83 × 10<sup>−9</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>, an LMP value of 32.6 at 700 °C with 40 MPa. These properties were related to the numerous nanoscale MX carbonitrides with a size of 35 ± 21 nm and a number density of 1.73 × 10<sup>20</sup> m<sup>−3</sup>. On the one hand, MX carbonitrides were found to impede laths rotation, coalescence and coarsening, thereby elevating creep deformation resistance. On the other hand, these carbonitrides enhanced the resistance to propagation of creep microcracks, and triggered microcrack deflection. Besides, an intriguing observation was made of an increase in V concentration within MX carbonitrides after creep, potentially due to the dissolution of initial ultrafine-scale intralath V-rich carbonitrides followed by precipitating onto the pre-existing Ta-rich ones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105581"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rong-Yi Bo , Miao Yang , Zhengfang Lv , Li-Feng Fan
{"title":"Study on elastic-plastic behavior of X80 high-strength steel","authors":"Rong-Yi Bo , Miao Yang , Zhengfang Lv , Li-Feng Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the forming accuracy of high-strength high-strength steel, it is essential to thoroughly understand its elastoplastic behavior. The key is to study the quantitative relationship between the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-strength steel and to gain a deep understanding of the evolution of its elastoplastic mechanical properties under different stress conditions. Based on this, this paper focuses on dual-phase (B + PF) X80 high-strength steel and relies on the micromechanical phase dislocation constitutive theory. By comprehensively utilizing multi-scale experimental data, a 3D Representative Volume Element (RVE) finite element model based on the actual microstructure was established. The varying elastic modulus was embedded into the finite element model through a user-defined field subroutine. A total of 9 different stress states were experimentally tested and 15 types of numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the evolution of the yield behavior and nonlinear elastic behavior of high-strength steel, providing further guidance for the manufacturing and forming processes of high-strength steel. Ultimately, dual-phase (B + PF) X80 high-strength steel exhibited anisotropic yield surfaces under different stress states, and the subsequent yield surfaces demonstrated an evolution law of distortional hardening. The finite element model developed in this study achieved an average subsequent yield point error rate of only 5.79 %. Differences were observed in the nonlinear transition points under different stress states and pre-strains, with the nonlinear elastic points always lying within the corresponding yield surfaces for each stress state and pre-strain, showing softening phenomena. The nonlinear elastic surfaces also followed the evolution law of distortion. These findings aim to further guide the manufacturing and forming processes of high-strength steel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tieyao Zhang , Yi Shuai , Hao Wang , Junqiang Wang , Zhiyang Lv , Yinhui Zhang , Yue Tian , Jian Shuai , Laibin Zhang
{"title":"An efficient method for determining the constitutive relationships of pipeline girth welded joints based on micro-area material testing and machine learning","authors":"Tieyao Zhang , Yi Shuai , Hao Wang , Junqiang Wang , Zhiyang Lv , Yinhui Zhang , Yue Tian , Jian Shuai , Laibin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately obtaining the constitutive relationships of materials is the fundamental requirement for structural design and safety assessment. The small punch test (SPT), as a testing method for acquiring the mechanical properties of materials in narrow areas, possesses unique advantages and great potential in characterizing the mechanical properties of pipeline girth weld joints. Taking the materials in various regions of X80 pipeline girth weld joints as the research objects, this paper combines in-situ tensile tests, SPT, finite element (FE) simulation, and machine learning (ML) methods to achieve the goal of efficiently determining the constitutive relationship of materials in various regions of pipeline girth weld joints. Specifically, the true stress-strain curves and SPT load-displacement curves of materials in various regions of X80 pipeline girth weld joints are obtained through in-situ tensile tests and SPT. And the reliability of the SPT FE model is verified with the help of experimental data. Many numerical simulation works are carried out to establish a ML database. Finally, a deep learning model (DLM) with a complex structure is established, which can realize the function of determining the true stress-strain relationships of materials from the SPT load-displacement data. This DLM performs well on both FE simulation data and experimental data, with a prediction error lower than 4.3 %. Moreover, it has a relatively fast prediction speed, enabling it to efficiently predict the constitutive relationships of pipeline steel materials and providing the possibility for practical applications in on-site engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 105570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of welding technological parameters and mechanical properties of thin plate based on response surface methodology","authors":"Kaijian Li, Guquan Song, Guoyang Guan, Chun Zhang, Huadong Lu, Zimeng Yong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the correlations of welding technological parameters as electric current, welding speed, and root gap with weld bead geometry characteristics including bead width, over-thickness, and penetration were established in thin plate single-layer single-pass welding process. Through the desirability optimal process, the most appropriate welding technological parameters were determined. Then welded joints have excellent elongation and low-temperature impact toughness. The inclusion is demonstrated by the fatigue performance test of butt welds produced by welding technological parameters. The fatigue strength of the butt weld is significantly higher than the demand in some steel structure design specifications. This increase of 21 %–58 % is represented. This method suggested in the paper provides a new optimization idea of welding technological parameters and there is great significance for the development of high-quality welding process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105568"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144194628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental investigation on leakage localization in water pipeline based on IGWO-VMD and hybrid neural network","authors":"Shumin Zheng , Jianguo Yan , Pengcheng Guo , Weina Chen , Baodong Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water pipelines are highly susceptible to leakage, which can lead to safety hazards, economic losses, and environmental damage. To detect leakage losses, an experimental study is conducted to collect a dataset of 969 pressure signals, including leakage, stability, and interference signals. The results show that as the volume flow decreases and the distance between the leakage point and the sensor increases, the signal strength significantly attenuates. This attenuation reduces the distinguishability of leakage signals—especially under noisy conditions, where noise may even obscure the leakage features—thereby increasing the difficulty of accurate localization. To mitigate noise in signals, this paper proposes an adaptive denoising algorithm (IGWO-VMD) based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and an improved grey wolf optimizer (IGWO), which effectively suppresses noise and enhances leakage features. In addition, to achieve accurate leakage localization in the presence of interference signals—such as valve closures that closely resemble leakage signals—a hybrid neural network combining temporal convolutional networks (TCN) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) is proposed. This model exhibits strong feature extraction capabilities and robust performance in complex signal environments, effectively reducing the risk of misjudgment. Comparative evaluations with state-of-the-art methods across multiple performance metrics show that the model accurately identifies leakage signals and precisely localizes leakage positions, demonstrating its potential as a reliable solution for intelligent water pipeline management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on the expansion and failure of solid expandable tubular based on the Johnson-Cook failure model","authors":"Ao Wang , Changshuai Shi , Xiaohua Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exploration and development of deep unconventional oil and gas wells pose new challenges to the solid expandable tubular (SET) technology. Determining the expansion limit of the SET is of great significance for reducing costs, improving design efficiency and ensuring construction safety. Therefore, a new method for studying and predicting the expansion limit of the SET is proposed. Based on the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and failure model, combined with the expansion test of the SET and the material tensile test, a numerical simulation of the expansion failure behavior of the SET were conducted. The influence of sensitive parameters such as expansion speed, pipe material, ovality, wall thickness, and wall thickness unevenness on the limit expansion rate of SET were systematically analyzed. The research results show that: 1) Either too fast or too slow an expansion speed will reduce the expansion limit of SET. The recommended expansion speed for 20G is 1 m/s 2) The limit expansion ratios of 20G, 316L, and Al (2024) pipe materials are 27 %, 51 %, and 22.5 % respectively. 3) For every 1 % increase in the ovality of the pipe, the limit expansion rate of the SET decreases by approximately 0.26 %. For every 1 mm increase in the wall thickness of the pipe, the limit expansion rate of the SET increases by approximately 0.65 %. For every 1 % increase in the wall thickness unevenness of the pipe, the limit expansion rate of the SET decreases by approximately 2.91 %. The results can provide theoretical guidance for the design and construction of the SET.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Choi , O. Muránsky , M.C. Messner , J.J. Kruzic , M.D. McMurtrey
{"title":"Multi-objective calibration of elastic-viscoplastic models to capture the elevated-temperature creep and tensile behaviour of alloy 617","authors":"J. Choi , O. Muránsky , M.C. Messner , J.J. Kruzic , M.D. McMurtrey","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-temperature engineering systems are expected to operate under sustained thermal and mechanical loads while also undergoing repeated thermal transients. Consequently, it is essential to develop material models capable of accurately predicting behaviour under a range of loading and temperature conditions. This study presents a multi-objective calibration framework for semi-empirical elastic-viscoplastic (EVP) models, aimed at simultaneously capturing the creep and tensile behaviour of Alloy 617 at <span><math><mrow><mn>800</mn><mo>°C</mo></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mn>900</mn><mo>°C</mo></mrow></math></span>, and <span><math><mrow><mn>1000</mn><mo>°C</mo></mrow></math></span>. A three-stage calibration workflow was developed using a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) to identify a unified set of material parameters for two EVP-based models: (i) one incorporating classical creep damage (EVP-CD), and (ii) another incorporating work-based damage (EVP-WD). Both models were calibrated using short-term high-temperature creep and tensile datasets while their validation was performed against longer-term creep datasets obtained at a given temperature. The results demonstrate that the calibrated material models can capture both high-temperature creep and tensile behaviour. Notably, the EVP-WD model exhibited better accuracy in reproducing the full tensile stress-strain response to failure, albeit with greater calibration difficulty. The proposed approach paves the way for the development of a single material model applicable to multiple service conditions, thereby simplifying and improving the accuracy of fitness-for-service assessments of high-temperature engineering components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105566"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui Cao, Chang Liu, Tieshan Cao, Congqian Cheng, Jie Zhao
{"title":"A method for prediction of material creep curves and rupture life using limited creep data","authors":"Hui Cao, Chang Liu, Tieshan Cao, Congqian Cheng, Jie Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a so-called <em>Z</em><sub><em>C</em></sub>-parameter method for predicting creep curves and rupture life based on incomplete creep data for high temperature materials. Through predictions of creep curves and rupture life of a superalloy DZ125 under different temperature and stress conditions, the results show that this method can not only predict complete creep curves from limited creep data, but also show good agreement with experimental results, with all prediction results falling within the ±95 % confidence interval. Compared with traditional creep prediction methods, such as θ projection method, this method can consider and analyze the scatter of creep data to obtain reasonable prediction results. This method provides a new approach to perform reasonable prediction for creep performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 105565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of characteristic fracture toughness for Fitness-for-Service (FFS) assessments of structures containing crack-like flaws","authors":"Claudio Ruggieri","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study addresses an exploratory application of statistical-based approaches to determine a characteristic value of fracture toughness for use in fitness-for-service (FFS) procedures based on the minimum of three equivalent (MOTE) method and a conventional Weibull statistics to fracture toughness data. The work also focuses on applications of the Master Curve (MC) methodology to estimate lower bound fracture toughness values by direct evaluation of the reference temperature, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, and by utilizing some well-established <span><math><mrow><mi>CV</mi><mi>N</mi><mo>−</mo><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> correlations. Fracture toughness tests using five different types of structural steels, including typical pressure vessel steels and an ultrahigh strength martensitic steel, provide the experimental data upon which the MOTE, the Weibull statistical analyses and the MC methodology are conducted. Overall, these exploratory analyses indicate that, while some existing correlations between Charpy CVN energy and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> can advantageously be used to estimate fracture toughness in routine assessments and engineering-level applications, they also have some limitations in predictive accuracy imposed by material dependency and their variability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 105542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison study of small punch test, hydraulic bulge test and uniaxial tensile test for typical pressure vessel CrMo steel","authors":"Haoran Ding , Jian Peng , Dongya Lu , Xueru Zhu , Qian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small specimen testing methods offer valuable insights into the mechanical properties of materials when specimen size is limited. Various small specimen methods have been applied, but their differences and correlations are poorly understood. This study compares small punch test (SPT), hydraulic bulge test (HBT), and uniaxial tensile test (UTT) for the typical pressure vessel CrMo steel, focusing on strain distribution, stress state, and fracture mechanism. The SPT shows an “M” shape strain distribution, with the strain concentrating on the contacting area between ball and specimen, leading to the ductile fracture at the near biaxial tension stress state. The HBT presents the inverted “V” shape strain distribution, with fracture occurring in the central region of specimen at the biaxial tension stress state. Based on membrane theory, the theoretical derived correlation models of SPT and UTT, as well as HBT and UTT, were developed for the tensile strength, providing effective approaches to predict tensile mechanical properties by SPT and HBT. The novelty of this paper is revealing the differences and correlations among SPT, HBT and UTT, and demonstrating the efficiencies of SPT and HBT as alternative testing methods to UTT for mechanical properties in the conditions of very limited materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 105563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}