International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in rock mechanics","authors":"Gao-Feng Zhao,&nbsp;Yuhang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial Intelligence (AI) has great potential to transform rock mechanics by tackling its inherent complexities, such as anisotropy, nonlinearity, discontinuousness, and multiphase nature. This review explores the evolution of AI, from basic neural networks like the BP model to advanced architectures such as Transformers, and their applications in areas like microstructure reconstruction, prediction of mechanical parameters, and addressing engineering challenges such as rockburst prediction and tunnel deformation. Machine learning techniques, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), have been crucial in automating tasks like fracture detection and efficiently generating 3D digital rock models. However, the effectiveness of AI in rock mechanics is limited by data scarcity and the need for high-quality datasets. Hybrid approaches, such as combining physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) with traditional numerical methods, offer promising solutions for solving governing equations. Additionally, Large Language Models (LLMs) are emerging as valuable tools for code generation and decision-making support. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, including issues with reproducibility, model interpretability, and adapting AI models to specific domains. Future progress will hinge on the availability of improved datasets, greater interdisciplinary collaboration, and the integration of spatial intelligence frameworks to bridge the gap between AI's theoretical potential and its practical application in rock engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 106245"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture aperture evolution in subsurface fractured reservoirs: Insights from thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations and implications for field-scale applications","authors":"Fan Zeng ,&nbsp;Hui Wu ,&nbsp;Kun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yujie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Subsurface energy recovery and storage involves continuous fluid injection into fractured rock formations. The efficiency of these applications highly depends on the evolution of fracture characteristics under thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupled processes induced by fluid injection. In this study, we established a single-fracture THM model to quantitatively analyze the combined and individual contributions of overpressure (OP), poroelastic (PE), and thermoelastic (TE) effects on fracture aperture evolution. The competition among OP, PE and TE effects is examined under various fracture/rock parameters and confining pressure/injection temperature conditions. Core-scale simulations demonstrate that OP, PE, and TE effects reach equilibrium within hours, with PE effect exerting the most dominant influence on fracture aperture. The relative dominance of these effects exhibits strong dependence on injection temperature, Biot coefficient, and rock elastic modulus. Comparative analysis with typical core flow-through experimental data qualitatively reveals the potential effects of water-rock reactions on fracture aperture. We find that under low confining pressures, the TE effect is stronger than the effect of water-rock reactions, leading to fracture aperture increase in response to cold fluid injection, while under high confining pressures, water-rock reactions dominate and cause fracture aperture decrease. Compared with core-scale simulation, field-scale simulations reveal fundamentally different fracture behavior marked by persistent THM disequilibrium and sustained spatial heterogeneity in aperture evolution, and therefore highlight the necessity to explicitly account for scale effect when extrapolating core-scale observations to field conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 106254"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled geomechanical investigation of depletion-induced fault reactivation","authors":"Ying Xin ,&nbsp;Ki-Bok Min ,&nbsp;Jeoung Seok Yoon ,&nbsp;Fengshou Zhang ,&nbsp;Jonny Rutqvist","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fault reactivation during subsurface fluid production pose significant challenges to safe and sustainable resource extraction. This study presents a three-dimensional coupled geomechanical framework to investigate the processes driving fault reactivation, capturing the interactions between reservoir dynamics and geomechanical responses. Verification against theoretical estimations based on linear poroelasticity confirms the model's capacity in representing reservoir background stress responses. However, the study reveals that relying solely on background stress states can underestimate or overestimate fault reactivation potential, emphasizing the importance of including localized stress perturbations such as differential compaction and stress redistribution. Applied to a fault (M1) inspired by the geological characteristics of the Groningen field, the model shows slip initiation at 2965 m depth with 16.0 MPa depletion, aligning with field observations where seismicity occurred at approximately 3 km depth after 15.8 MPa depletion. Parametric studies reveal: (1) inelastic reservoir compaction delays fault reactivation and mitigates fault slip by reducing stress concentration, (2) higher intermediate in-situ stress magnitudes decrease the Coulomb Failure Stress (CFS) increase rate and reduce fault slip, (3) larger fault offsets amplify shear stress near the offset zone, promoting earlier reactivation and longer rupture propagation, and (4) fault permeability significantly influences pressure diffusion, with low-permeability faults leading to sharper stress changes and earlier fault destabilization. These insights highlight the critical role of geological and mechanical parameters in fault reactivation and provide a predictive framework for mitigating induced seismicity risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 106240"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endo-exo classification of episodic rock creep in underground mines: Implications for forecasting violent rockbursts","authors":"Qinghua Lei ,&nbsp;Daniel Francois Malan ,&nbsp;Didier Sornette","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rock masses in deep underground environments under high in-situ stress often exhibit episodic creep behavior, driven by complex interactions between external perturbation and internal reorganization. The causes of these creep episodes and their link to potential catastrophic failure remain poorly understood. Here, we present a novel “endo-exo” framework for analyzing episodic rock creep in underground mines, capturing the interplay between exogenous triggers (e.g., blasting and excavation) and endogenous processes (e.g., damage and healing within rock masses). The underlying physical mechanism involves cascades of locally triggered rock block movements due to fracturing and sliding. We identify four fundamental types of episodic dynamics, classified by the origin of disturbance (endogenous or exogenous) and the level of criticality (subcritical or critical). All four types exhibit power law relaxations with distinct exponents: 1+<em>θ</em> (exogenous-subcritical), 1-<em>θ</em> (exogenous-critical), 1‒2<em>θ</em> (endogenous-critical), and 0 (endogenous-subcritical), all governed by a single parameter 0 &lt; <em>θ</em> &lt; 1. Our theoretical predictions are examined using the comprehensive dataset of a platinum mine in South Africa, where stopes display episodic closure behavior during successive mining operations. All creep episodes recorded can be accounted for in our classification with <em>θ</em> ≈ 0.35 ± 0.1, providing strong validation of our theory. This <em>θ</em> value is interpreted in terms of a first-passage process driven by anomalous stress diffusion, represented by fractional Brownian motion or Lévy-type processes. Finally, we offer new insights into endo-exo interactions and the system's transition from episodic creep to catastrophic failure, with important implications for forecasting violent rockbursts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 106251"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic emission source localization in complex rock structures using sparse-grid fast path tracing method","authors":"Jiong Wei ,&nbsp;Jingren Zhou ,&nbsp;Fuqiang Gao ,&nbsp;Jinfu Lou ,&nbsp;Tianhong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate localization of acoustic emission (AE) sources is critical for identifying precursor information of rock failure. However, achieving high localization accuracy in complex rock structures remains challenging. This study presents a novel three-dimensional AE source localization method suitable for rock masses with underground caverns. The proposed approach integrates a sparse-grid octree structure with a line-of-sight-based path optimization algorithm, effectively addressing path tracing errors caused by geometry-grid misalignment and narrow geological features through localized mesh refinement. Synthetic tests using a room-and-pillar model indicate that the method significantly improves wave path tracing accuracy and localization precision compared to the improved A∗ algorithm, while reducing computational cost by 98 %. Field application in a mine with extensive caverns confirms that the method effectively resolves mislocalization issues inherent in the straight-path method, yielding microseismic event locations consistent with observed collapse zones, while maintaining high accuracy even with fewer sensors. These results demonstrate the robustness, efficiency, and practical value of the proposed method for source localization in complex rock engineering environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 106252"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bayesian reliability methodology for rock structures considering uncertainties in random field characteristics with limited data of rock properties","authors":"Akshay Kumar,&nbsp;Gaurav Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cross-correlated Random Fields (RFs) are often used to simulate the spatial variability of cross-correlated inputs based on the statistical characteristics of RF like auto-correlation functions, cross-correlation structures, and marginal models. Precise estimation of these RF characteristics is often impractical in rock engineering due to limited site-specific data invoking epistemic uncertainties along them. This study proposes a Bayesian Multi-Model Inference (BMMI) coupled with 2D cross-correlated non-normal RF methodology to consider the spatial variation of copula dependent rock properties using their limited data. The proposed methodology constructs the model sets of RF statistical characteristics using BMMI, representing the epistemic uncertainties in the model selection and their parameters along them. Expansion Optimal Linear Estimation (EOLE) method is then used to discretize the RFs for every combination of the model sets which is finally coupled with Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC)-2D to perform the reliability analysis. The methodology is illustrated for an example rock slope situated within a heavily jointed rock mass susceptible to stress-controlled circular. In addition to this analysis, a traditional cross-correlated non-normal RF analysis is also conducted by ignoring the epistemic uncertainties in the statistical characteristics of RF to assess the impact of these uncertainties. The proposed methodology was concluded to be more effective than the traditional methodology as it is capable of accounting for the spatial variability of copula dependent inputs along with the epistemic uncertainties along them emanating due to their limited data. Proposed methodology provides the confidence interval of reliability index encompassing its fixed-point estimate from the traditional RF analysis, thereby enhancing practitioner's understanding of structural responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 106249"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Permeability enhancement of reservoir rocks loaded by repeated low-amplitude stress waves","authors":"Zheng Wang ,&nbsp;Geli Zhao ,&nbsp;Yachen Xie ,&nbsp;Bangbiao Wu ,&nbsp;Kaiwen Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wave-based loading techniques have been proposed as a potential method for the enhancement of permeability in deep reservoirs, yet the mechanisms governing permeability changes in reservoir rocks under repeated stress wave (RSW) loading remain unclear. This study addresses this gap by employing a modified triaxial split Hopkinson pressure bar (TSHPB) system to simulate coupled hydraulic-mechanical (CHM) conditions and repeated stress wave loading on green sandstone (GS) specimens. In situ permeability measurements are conducted following each impact, with dissipated energy calculated to quantify specimen damage. Experimental results reveal a positive correlation between permeability and dissipated energy, with significant permeability enhancement under RSW loading. Initially, permeability increases with repeated impacts, later stabilizing after a gradual decline. Elevated differential water pressure and decreased confining pressure facilitate crack extension, enhancing permeability, while dissipated energy inversely correlates with these CHM conditions. To model these changes, a micromechanical model incorporating fracture mechanics and the equivalent pore concept is developed, accurately predicting permeability evolution by correlating crack length and pore size with dissipated energy. The model's predictions align closely with experimental data, enhancing understanding of RSW on permeability evolution, and offering a predictive framework to optimize permeability in resource recovery applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 106243"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical model study of rock scour in unlined rock spillways","authors":"Michael F. George ,&nbsp;Nicholas Sitar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scour of rock by flowing water is an integral process in the evolution of natural landscapes as well as a critical hazard for key infrastructure such as dams, spillways, bridges and tunnels. The removal of individual blocks of rock is one of the primary mechanisms by which rock scour can occur. Field investigation of a prototype unlined rock spillway site in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in northern California was used as a basis for the development of an extensive series of physical model experiments, which were complemented by theoretical, deterministic, and stochastic analyses based on 3D block theory. A scaled physical hydraulic model, loosely representing conditions at the field site was used to investigate a broad range of variables and flow conditions not readily achievable in a field setting. For the model, an instrumented 3D block mold was constructed that could be rotated with respect to the flow direction to study the influence of discontinuity orientation on block erodibility. These experiments were the first of their kind to use a non-prismatic 3D rock block, such that the full 3D kinematic conditions associated with the block geometry could be represented. The block erodibility threshold was found to be highly dependent on the flow direction. Pressure values, represented by the dimensionless dynamic pressure coefficients were determined as a function of the block mold orientation, turbulence intensity, block protrusion height, and flow velocity. Overall, the average hydrodynamic pressures on block faces were found to be adequate in the evaluation model block stability. The trajectory of the blocks through the removal process obtained from camera recordings and from proximity sensor data were plotted on whole sphere stereographic projections to analyze the specifics of the kinematic constraints for each condition. Thus, three separate block response modes were observed based on the kinematic constraint related to the block geometry and orientation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 106229"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into tunnel spalling from scale model and element testing","authors":"Doandy Yonathan Wibisono,&nbsp;Marte Gutierrez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brittle instabilities in tunnel excavation can lead to spalling, violent rock ejection, and tunnel collapse. Previous experimental studies have primarily investigated brittle tunnel failure using two-dimensional loading, which oversimplifies in-situ stress state. Additionally, the mechanism behind the low entry angle of fracturing (i.e., angle of spalling fracture at the tunnel wall) observed in spalling during tunneling is not fully understood when using standard uniaxial compression tests (UCT) and triaxial compression (TC) tests. This study aims to showcase these limitations using a large-scale tunnel model and triaxial extension (TE) tests. A tunnel was excavated using a miniature tunnel boring machine (TBM) through an analog brittle rock specimen loaded in a true-triaxial cell. Following excavation, the specimen was loaded in stages under incrementally increasing isotropic loading conditions, which induced failure in the tunnel. The 51-mm diameter tunnel excavated in a 300 × 300 × 300 mm³ cubic specimen facilitated direct observation of spalling progression throughout the loading stage. Six wideband acoustic emission (AE) sensors were utilized to monitor microcracking intensities associated with changes in boundary stress conditions during the loading stages. At the end of the final loading stage, an epoxy resin was injected into the failed tunnel to preserve the tunnel geometry and identify the damage zone. Triaxial extension (TE) tests were introduced as a more correct experimental procedure to predict tunnel spalling. Using a conventional Hoek Cell, the TE test setup effectively represented the three-dimensional in-situ stress states and yields steep angles failure plane measured from minor principal stress. This study improves our understanding of brittle failure mechanisms based on experimental evidence by comparing the use of TE and TC test results to predict tunnel spalling. The evaluations indicated that predictions using TE parameters were more accurate than those using TC parameters regarding spalling shear strength at the tunnel wall, entry angle, and depth of damage. Direct entry angle measurements from the TE tests and theoretical log-spiral slip lines offered the most accurate fit with tunnel model spalling. The entry angles from the curved failure envelopes from both TC and TE could not provide steep failure plane angles at zero confinement, indicating that a single failure envelope cannot characterize fracturing in rocks at different stress levels. However, the thin shear slabs with steep failure planes provided conclusive experimental evidence confirming that classical shear failure primarily governs spalling. The results provide new insights for safer and more reliable tunnel designs in brittle rocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 106247"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic extraction of rock discontinuity orientations from 3D point clouds via an adaptive clustering and surface fitting approach","authors":"Mingming Ren ,&nbsp;Jie Hu ,&nbsp;Di Peng ,&nbsp;Yuxiang Ding ,&nbsp;Manchao He","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The orientation of rock discontinuities is a critical parameter for evaluating the stability and safety of rock engineering structures. With the continuous advancement of remote surveying techniques, analysis of exposed rock surfaces based on 3D point cloud data has emerged as a mainstream approach, owing to its high data fidelity and rich geometric information. However, efficiently and accurately extracting geometric parameters of rock discontinuities from point clouds remains a significant challenge. To address this issue, this study proposes an efficient method for the automatic extraction of geometric features of rock discontinuities from 3D point clouds. First, a downsampling and smoothing preprocessing strategy is employed to significantly enhance computational efficiency while preserving essential geometric features. Concurrently, a local geometric adjustment normal estimation algorithm is introduced to generate high-precision normals while retaining sharp structural features. An improved Unsupervised K-means (UKM) clustering algorithm is subsequently proposed to planar segmentation of the point cloud, enabling the automatic identification and classification of discontinuity orientations. Finally, an enhanced Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm is adopted to achieve precise planar segmentation, followed by Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) method to ensure accurate extraction of discontinuity orientations. Experiments conducted on two real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms four widely used approaches in terms of both accuracy and computational efficiency, providing a novel and effective solution for the automated extraction of structural surface information in rock engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 106246"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}