International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology最新文献_第4页

Calcium dynamics: spatio-temporal organization from the subcellular to the organ level. 钙动力学:从亚细胞到器官水平的时空组织。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)61005-5

Geneviève Dupont, Laurent Combettes, Luc Leybaert

{"title":"Calcium dynamics: spatio-temporal organization from the subcellular to the organ level.","authors":"Geneviève Dupont, Laurent Combettes, Luc Leybaert","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(07)61005-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)61005-5","url":null,"abstract":"Many essential physiological processes are controlled by calcium. To ensure reliability and specificity, calcium signals are highly organized in time and space in the form of oscillations and waves. Interesting findings have been obtained at various scales, ranging from the stochastic opening of a single calcium channel to the intercellular calcium wave spreading through an entire organ. A detailed understanding of calcium dynamics thus requires a link between observations at different scales. It appears that some regulations such as calcium-induced calcium release or PLC activation by calcium, as well as the weak diffusibility of calcium ions play a role at all levels of organization in most cell types. To comprehend how calcium waves spread from one cell to another, specific gap-junctional coupling and paracrine signaling must also be taken into account. On the basis of a pluridisciplinar approach ranging from physics to physiology, a unified description of calcium dynamics is emerging, which could help understanding how such a small ion can mediate so many vital functions in living systems.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"261 ","pages":"193-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)61005-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26768808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 113

Transient receptor potential channels and intracellular signaling. 瞬时受体电位通道与细胞内信号传导。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)56002-X

Geoffrey E Woodard, Stewart O Sage, Juan A Rosado

引用次数: 14

Subepithelial fibroblasts in intestinal villi: roles in intercellular communication. 肠绒毛上皮下成纤维细胞:在细胞间通讯中的作用。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)64004-2

Sonoko Furuya, Kishio Furuya

{"title":"Subepithelial fibroblasts in intestinal villi: roles in intercellular communication.","authors":"Sonoko Furuya, Kishio Furuya","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(07)64004-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)64004-2","url":null,"abstract":"Ingestion of food and water induces chemical and mechanical signals that trigger peristaltic reflexes in the gut. Intestinal villi are motile, equipped with chemosensors and mechanosensors, and transduce signaling to sensory neurons, but the exact mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Subepithelial fibroblasts located under the villous epithelium form contractile cellular networks via gap junctions. The networks ensheathe lamina propria and are in close contact with epithelium, neural and capillary networks, smooth muscles, and immune cells. Unique characteristics of subepithelial fibroblasts have been revealed by primary cultures isolated from rat duodenal villi. They include rapid reversal changes in cell shape by cAMP reagents and endothelins, cell shape-dependent mechanosensitivity that induces ATP release as a paracrine mediator, contractile ability, and expression of various receptors for vasoactive and neuroactive substances. Herein, we review these characteristics that play a key role in the villi. They serve as a barrier/sieve, flexible mechanical frame, mechanosensor, and signal transduction machinery in the intestinal villi, which are regulated locally and dynamically by rapid cell shape conversion.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"264 ","pages":"165-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)64004-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27073173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

Function and evolution of the vacuolar compartment in green algae and land plants (Viridiplantae). 绿藻和陆生植物液泡室的功能与演化。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)64001-7

Burkhard Becker

引用次数: 44

Microscopic morphology and the origins of the membrane maturation model of Golgi apparatus function. 高尔基体功能膜成熟模型的微观形态及起源。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62004-X

D James Morré, Hilton H Mollenhauer

{"title":"Microscopic morphology and the origins of the membrane maturation model of Golgi apparatus function.","authors":"D James Morré, Hilton H Mollenhauer","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62004-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62004-X","url":null,"abstract":"The membrane maturation (flow differentiation) model of Golgi apparatus function embodies concepts of saccule formation at one face of the Golgi apparatus from membranes derived from endoplasmic reticulum and utilization of saccules in vesicle formation at the opposite face for delivery to the plasma membrane as existing saccules are displaced from one position within the stack to another. Derivation of the model came almost entirely from light and electron microscopy. Especially important were observations that passage through the Golgi apparatus was accompanied by differentiation of membranes from endoplasmic reticulum-like to plasma membrane-like across the polarity axis of the stacked saccules. The concept of coparticipation of endoplasmic reticulum and/or nuclear envelope, transition, and secretory vesicles and other pre- and post-Golgi apparatus structures through the operation of an integrated endomembrane system was essential to the model. Dynamic aspects confirmed initially by autoradiographing and cell fractionation studies have been corroborated in newer approaches of fluorescent labeling and with living cells.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"262 ","pages":"191-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62004-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26830901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

New insights into glycosphingolipid functions--storage, lipid rafts, and translocators. 鞘糖脂功能的新见解——储存、脂筏和易位子。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62003-8

Dan J Sillence

{"title":"New insights into glycosphingolipid functions--storage, lipid rafts, and translocators.","authors":"Dan J Sillence","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62003-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62003-8","url":null,"abstract":"Glycosphingolipids are key components of eukaryotic cellular membranes. Through their propensity to form lipid rafts, they are important in membrane transport and signaling. At the cell surface, they are required for caveolar-mediated endocytosis, a process required for the action of many glycosphingolipid-binding toxins. Glycosphingolipids also exist intracellularly, on both leaflets of organelle membranes. It is expected that dissecting the mechanisms of cell pathology seen in the glycosphingolipid storage diseases, where lysosomal glycosphingolipid degradation is defective, will reveal their functions. Disrupted cation gradients in Mucolipidosis type IV disease are interlinked with glycosphingolipid storage, defective rab 7 function, and the activation of autophagy. Relationships between drug translocators and glycosphingolipid synthesis are also discussed. Mass spectrometry of cell lines defective in drug transporters reveal clear differences in glycosphingolipid mass and fatty acid composition. The potential roles of glycosphingolipids in lipid raft formation, endocytosis, and cationic gradients are discussed.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"262 ","pages":"151-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62003-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26830900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 33

Polarity regulators and the control of epithelial architecture, cell migration, and tumorigenesis. 极性调节因子和上皮结构、细胞迁移和肿瘤发生的控制。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62006-3

Lukas E Dow, Patrick O Humbert

{"title":"Polarity regulators and the control of epithelial architecture, cell migration, and tumorigenesis.","authors":"Lukas E Dow, Patrick O Humbert","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62006-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62006-3","url":null,"abstract":"A large body of work on Drosophila melanogaster has identified and characterized a number of key polarity regulators, many of which are required for the regulation of multiple other processes including proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis. Humans possess either single or multiple homologues of each of the Drosophila polarity proteins, and in most cases, these are highly conserved between species, implying an important and conserved function for each of the polarity complexes. Recent studies in cultured mammalian epithelial cells have shed some light on the requirement for the polarity complexes in the regulation of epithelial cell function, including an unexpected link to the regulation of directed cell migration. However, many questions still remain regarding the molecular mechanisms of polarity regulation and whether disruption of polarity protein function is an important step in the development of human cancers. Here we will review what is currently understood about the regulation of cell polarity, migration, and invasion and the level of functional conservation between Drosophila and mammalian tissues. Particular reference will be made as to how the Scribble and Par polarity complexes may be involved in the regulation of apical-basal polarity, migration, and tumorigenesis.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"262 ","pages":"253-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)62006-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26830903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 138

Focal adhesion kinase and p53 signaling in cancer cells. 癌细胞中的局灶黏附激酶和p53信号。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)63003-4

Vita M Golubovskaya, William G Cance

引用次数: 101

Molecular mechanism of liver development and regeneration. 肝脏发育和再生的分子机制。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(06)59001-1

Naoki Tanimizu, Atsushi Miyajima

引用次数: 108

Molecular mechanism of phase I and phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes: implications for detoxification. I期和II期药物代谢酶的分子机制:对解毒的影响。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(06)60002-8

Takashi Iyanagi

{"title":"Molecular mechanism of phase I and phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes: implications for detoxification.","authors":"Takashi Iyanagi","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(06)60002-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(06)60002-8","url":null,"abstract":"Enzymes that catalyze the biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics are generally referred to as drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs). DMEs can be classified into two main groups: oxidative or conjugative. The NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (P450R)/cytochrome P450 (P450) electron transfer systems are oxidative enzymes that mediate phase I reactions, whereas the UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are conjugative enzymes that mediate phase II enzymes. Both enzyme systems are localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where a number of drugs are sequentially metabolized. DMEs, including P450s and UGTs, generally have a highly plastic active site that can accommodate a wide variety of substrates. The P450 and UGT genes constitute a supergene family, in which UGT proteins are encoded by distinct genes and a complex gene. Both the P450 and UGT genes have evolved to diversify their functions. This chapter reviews advances in understanding the structure and function of the P450R/P450 and UGT enzyme systems. In particular, the coordinate biotransformation of xenobiotics by phase I and II enzymes in the ER membrane is examined.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"260 ","pages":"35-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(06)60002-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26706294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 193