International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology最新文献_第3页

Syndrome of aluminum toxicity and diversity of aluminum resistance in higher plants. 高等植物铝毒性综合征及抗铝多样性。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)64005-4

Jian Feng Ma

{"title":"Syndrome of aluminum toxicity and diversity of aluminum resistance in higher plants.","authors":"Jian Feng Ma","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(07)64005-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)64005-4","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum (Al) is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust, while its soluble ionic form (Al(3+)) shows phytotoxicity, which is characterized by a rapid inhibition of root elongation. Aluminum targets multiple cellular sites by binding, resulting in disrupted structure and/or functions of the cell wall, plasma membrane, signal transduction pathway, and Ca homeostasis. On the other hand, some plant species have evolved mechanisms to cope with Al toxicity both externally and internally. The well-documented mechanisms for external detoxification of Al include the release of organic acid anions from roots and alkalination of the rhizosphere. Genes encoding transporters for Al-induced secretion of organic acid anions have been identified and characterized. Recent studies show that ABC transporters are involved in Al resistance. The internal detoxification of Al in Al-accumulating plants is achieved by the formation of nontoxic Al complexes with organic acids or other chelators and sequestration of these complexes in the vacuoles. In some plant species, Al shows beneficial effects on plant growth under particular conditions, although the exact mechanisms for these effects are unknown.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"264 ","pages":"225-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)64005-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27073174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 347

Neurogenesis in the fish retina. 鱼视网膜中的神经发生。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(06)59005-9

Deborah L Stenkamp

引用次数: 119

Cell and molecular biology of the spindle matrix. 纺锤体基质的细胞和分子生物学。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)63004-6

Kristen M Johansen, Jørgen Johansen

引用次数: 68

LEM-Domain proteins: new insights into lamin-interacting proteins. lem结构域蛋白:层粘连蛋白相互作用蛋白的新见解。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)61001-8

Nicole Wagner, Georg Krohne

引用次数: 152

Cell and molecular biology of transthyretin and thyroid hormones. 促甲状腺素和甲状腺激素的细胞和分子生物学。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)58003-4

Samantha J Richardson

{"title":"Cell and molecular biology of transthyretin and thyroid hormones.","authors":"Samantha J Richardson","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(07)58003-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)58003-4","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in four areas of transthyretin (TTR) research result in this being a timely review. Developmental studies have revealed that TTR is synthesized in all classes of vertebrates during development. This leads to a new hypothesis on selection pressure for hepatic TTR synthesis during development only, changing the previous hypotheses from \"onset\" of hepatic TTR synthesis in adulthood to \"maintaining\" hepatic TTR synthesis into adulthood. Evolutionary studies have revealed the existence of TTR-like proteins (TLPs) in nonvertebrate species and elucidated some of their functions. Consequently, TTR is an excellent model for the study of the evolution of protein structure, function, and localization. Studies of human diseases have demonstrated that TTR in the cerebrospinal fluid can form amyloid, but more recently there has been recognition of the roles of TTR in depression and Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, amyloid mutations in human TTR that are the normal residues in other species result in cardiac deposition of TTR amyloid in humans. Finally, a revised model for TTR-thyroxine entry into the cerebrospinal fluid via the choroid plexus, based on data from studies in TTR null mice, is presented. This review concentrates on TTR and its thyroid hormone binding, in development and during evolution, and summarizes what is currently known about TLPs and the role of TTR in diseases affecting the brain.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"258 ","pages":"137-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)58003-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26586503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 94

Daylength measurements by rice plants in photoperiodic short-day flowering. 水稻光周期短日花期的日长测量。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)56006-7

Takeshi Izawa

{"title":"Daylength measurements by rice plants in photoperiodic short-day flowering.","authors":"Takeshi Izawa","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(07)56006-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)56006-7","url":null,"abstract":"Plants set seed at appropriate seasons. One major mechanism responsible for this adaptation involves photoperiodic flowering. Most plants are classified as either long-day plants, which flower under a longer photoperiod, or short-day plants, which flower under a shorter photoperiod. A third group, day-neutral plants, is not responsive to changes in photoperiod. During the past decade, molecular analysis has revealed at the molecular level how the long-day plant Arabidopsis thaliana measures daylength in photoperiodic flowering. In contrast, the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of short-day plants are still under investigation. Progress in understanding photoperiodic flowering in rice (Oryza sativa), a short-day plant, revealed unique, evolutionarily conserved pathways involved in photoperiodic flowering at the molecular level. Furthermore, the conserved pathways promote flowering under short-day conditions and suppress flowering under long-day conditions in rice, but promote flowering under long-day conditions in Arabidopsis. In this chapter, we discuss the molecular mechanisms responsible for short-day flowering in rice in comparison with long-day flowering in Arabidopsis.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"256 ","pages":"191-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)56006-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26504694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 65

Role of CCN2/CTGF/Hcs24 in bone growth. CCN2/CTGF/Hcs24在骨生长中的作用。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)57001-4

Satoshi Kubota, Masaharu Takigawa

{"title":"Role of CCN2/CTGF/Hcs24 in bone growth.","authors":"Satoshi Kubota, Masaharu Takigawa","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(07)57001-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)57001-4","url":null,"abstract":"Our bones mostly develop through a process called endochondral ossification. This process is initiated in the cartilage prototype of each bone and continues through embryonic and postnatal development until the end of skeletal growth. Therefore, the central regulator of endochondral ossification is the director of body construction, which is, in other words, the determinant of skeletal size and shape. We suggest that CCN2/CTGF/Hcs24 (CCN2) is a molecule that conducts all of the procedures of endochondral ossification. CCN2, a member of the CCN family of novel modulator proteins, displays multiple functions by manipulating the local information network, using its conserved modules as an interface with a variety of other biomolecules. Under a precisely designed four-dimensional genetic program, CCN2 is produced from a limited population of chondrocytes and acts on all of the mesenchymal cells inside the bone callus to promote the integrated growth of the bone. Furthermore, the utility of CCN2 as regenerative therapeutics against connective tissue disorders, such as bone and cartilage defects and osteoarthritis, has been suggested. Over the years, the pathological action of CCN2 has been suggested. Nevertheless, it can also be regarded as another aspect of the physiological and regenerative function of CCN2, which is discussed as well.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"257 ","pages":"1-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)57001-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26536358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 98

Fibroblast differentiation in wound healing and fibrosis. 成纤维细胞在伤口愈合和纤维化中的分化。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)57004-X

Ian A Darby, Tim D Hewitson

{"title":"Fibroblast differentiation in wound healing and fibrosis.","authors":"Ian A Darby, Tim D Hewitson","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(07)57004-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)57004-X","url":null,"abstract":"The contraction of granulation tissue from skin wounds was first described in the 1960s. Later it was discovered that during tissue repair, fibroblasts undergo a change in phenotype from their normal relatively quiescent state in which they are involved in slow turnover of the extracellular matrix, to a proliferative and contractile phenotype termed myofibroblasts. These cells show some of the phenotypic characteristics of smooth muscle cells and have been shown to contract in vitro. In the 1990s, a number of researchers in different fields showed that myofibroblasts are present during tissue repair or response to injury in a variety of other tissues, including the liver, kidney, and lung. During normal repair processes, the myofibroblastic cells are lost as repair resolves to form a scar. This cell loss is via apoptosis. In pathological fibroses, myofibroblasts persist in the tissue and are responsible for fibrosis via increased matrix synthesis and for contraction of the tissue. In many cases this expansion of the extracellular matrix impedes normal function of the organ. For this reason much interest has centered on the derivation of myofibroblasts and the factors that influence their differentiation, proliferation, extracellular matrix synthesis, and survival. Further understanding of how fibroblast differentiation and myofibroblast phenotype is controlled may provide valuable insights into future therapies that can control fibrosis and scarring.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"257 ","pages":"143-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(07)57004-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26536787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 486

Mitotic spindle dynamics in Drosophila. 果蝇有丝分裂纺锤体动力学。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(06)59004-7

Ingrid Brust-Mascher, Jonathan M Scholey

引用次数: 28

YidC as an essential and multifunctional component in membrane protein assembly. YidC是膜蛋白组装过程中必不可少的多功能组分。

International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7696(06)59003-5

Dorothee Kiefer, Andreas Kuhn

{"title":"YidC as an essential and multifunctional component in membrane protein assembly.","authors":"Dorothee Kiefer, Andreas Kuhn","doi":"10.1016/S0074-7696(06)59003-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(06)59003-5","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane proteins fulfill a number of vital functions in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. They are often organized in multicomponent complexes, folded within the membrane bilayer and interacting with the cytoplasmic and periplasmic or external soluble compartments. For the biogenesis of integral membrane proteins, the essential biochemical steps are (1) the insertion and topogenesis of the transmembrane protein segments into the lipid bilayer, (2) the three-dimensional folding of the translocated hydrophilic domains, and (3) the assembly into multimeric complexes. Intensive research has elucidated the basic mechanisms of membrane protein insertion in the homologous translocation machineries of different cellular systems. Whereas the Sec translocation system is found in the endoplasmic reticulum of eukaryotic cells and in the prokaryotic plasma membrane, the YidC-Oxa1 membrane insertase is present in prokaryotic and organellar membranes. This review focuses on the discoveries of the YidC system in bacterial as well as the Oxa1/Alb3 protein family of eukaryotic cells and will particularly emphasize evolutionary aspects.","PeriodicalId":54930,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Cytology-A Survey of Cell Biology","volume":"259 ","pages":"113-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0074-7696(06)59003-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26658929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 63