Journal of Applied Biomechanics最新文献

Optimizing Clinical Assessment of Knee Function: Biomechanical Adaptations Across Repeated Single-Leg Hop Trials. 优化膝关节功能的临床评估：重复单腿跳试验的生物力学适应性。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Applied Biomechanics Pub Date : 2026-10-15 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2026-0051

Yu Gu, Wanyan Su, Nawfal Malik, Thanh Nguyen, Xianglin Wan, Yu Song

{"title":"Optimizing Clinical Assessment of Knee Function: Biomechanical Adaptations Across Repeated Single-Leg Hop Trials.","authors":"Yu Gu, Wanyan Su, Nawfal Malik, Thanh Nguyen, Xianglin Wan, Yu Song","doi":"10.1123/jab.2026-0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2026-0051","url":null,"abstract":"Single-leg hop performance is widely used in clinics to assess knee function following anterior cruciate ligament injury. However, performance provides limited insight into joint-specific kinetic contributions, and the influence of repeated trials remains unclear. This study quantified the effects of hop directions (forward/vertical/backward) and repeated practice trials on performance and lower-limb joint kinetics. Forty-five injury-free participants performed 10 trials per task. Hop performance and peak moment/power/work at the hip/knee/ankle were calculated. Trials were grouped as one practice attempt and 3 blocks: I (trials 2-4), II (trials 5-7), and III (trials 8-10). Three-by-three repeated-measures analyses of variance were conducted to quantify the effects of task and practice. Backward hop demonstrated the greatest knee moment/work/power and contribution across blocks. Performance increased across blocks in forward and backward hops while remaining consistent in the vertical hop. Knee work was smaller in block I across tasks, whereas backward hop demonstrated greater knee work contribution in block II than in block I. The backward hop places greater knee emphasis, supporting its use as a knee-specific assessment. Minimal practice trials are necessary when using forward/vertical/backward hop performance to assess knee power, whereas at least 4 trials may be required for forward and vertical hops when evaluating knee work.","PeriodicalId":54883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149208361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying Determinants of Asymmetrical Biomechanics During Single- and Double-Limb Countermovement Jumps 2 Years Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. 确定前交叉韧带重建2年后单肢和双肢反向运动跳跃中不对称生物力学的决定因素。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Applied Biomechanics Pub Date : 2026-09-23 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2026-0134

Amit M Gohil, Meredith Owen, Michael A Samaan, Brian Noehren

{"title":"Identifying Determinants of Asymmetrical Biomechanics During Single- and Double-Limb Countermovement Jumps 2 Years Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.","authors":"Amit M Gohil, Meredith Owen, Michael A Samaan, Brian Noehren","doi":"10.1123/jab.2026-0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2026-0134","url":null,"abstract":"After anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), individuals often demonstrate asymmetrical lower-extremity biomechanics and suboptimal vertical jump performance. These deficits have negative implications for reinjury risk and ability to return to sport. This study aims to quantify asymmetrical lower-extremity (hip, knee, and ankle) biomechanics and identify modifiable impairments contributing to altered knee joint mechanics and vertical jump performance after ACLR. Twenty-four individuals (19.6 [3.4] mo post-ACLR) performed isometric and isokinetic knee extensor strength testing followed by single- and double-limb vertical jumps using 3D motion capture. We found no differences in lower-extremity kinematics but did observe reduced peak knee extensor moment and joint power in the ACL-involved limb during both jumps. Furthermore, quadriceps peak torque and rate of torque development were significantly associated with propulsive knee joint power and vertical jump height. The findings from this study highlight that individuals demonstrate persistent knee joint underloading 2 years following ACLR that is related to inadequate quadriceps peak torque and rate of torque development. Clinicians should prioritize restoration of quadriceps peak torque and rate of torque development to improve knee joint kinetics, vertical jump performance, and overall readiness to return to competitive sport.","PeriodicalId":54883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149042086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reliability Testing of a Multitask Virtual Reality Sensorimotor Assessment. 多任务虚拟现实感觉运动评估的可靠性测试。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Applied Biomechanics Pub Date : 2026-09-21 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2025-0407

Christopher D Riehm, Brittany Nelson, Jed A Diekfuss, April L McPherson, Scott Bonnette, Gregory D Myer, Jennifer A Hogg

{"title":"Reliability Testing of a Multitask Virtual Reality Sensorimotor Assessment.","authors":"Christopher D Riehm, Brittany Nelson, Jed A Diekfuss, April L McPherson, Scott Bonnette, Gregory D Myer, Jennifer A Hogg","doi":"10.1123/jab.2025-0407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2025-0407","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated the test-retest reliability of a comprehensive, multitask virtual reality (VR)-based sensorimotor assessment designed to capture and quantify aspects of body movement during standardized visuomotor, auditory, gait, oculomotor, and balance tasks. Twenty healthy adults completed 3 sessions of the Dynamic Assessment of Sensorimotor Health protocol on nonconsecutive days at a university research center. Dynamic Assessment of Sensorimotor Health includes 7 VR tasks (Trail Making, Sound Localization, Tandem Gait, Reaction Board, Smooth Pursuit, Single-Leg Balance, and Target Matching Balance). Session-level performance metrics were derived from head-, hand-, and eye-tracking data, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC[3,1]) and session means were calculated for each metric. Reliability ranged from poor to excellent (ICC = .07 to .81). Metrics from the Reaction Board (reaction time) and Target Matching Balance (head path length) tasks demonstrated the highest reliability (ICC up to .81), and several measures from the Trail Making, Smooth Pursuit, and Sound Localization tasks showed fair-to-good reliability. These findings identify specific VR-derived body movement metrics that show promise for tracking sensorimotor performance over time and highlight others that may require redesign or alternative processing before use in longitudinal or clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":54883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Accuracy of Low-Cost Scanning Technology to Reconstruct Full-Body Morphology. 评估低成本扫描技术重建全身形态的准确性。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Applied Biomechanics Pub Date : 2026-09-09 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2026-0040

Enzo Allevard, Conrad Werkhoven, Thor Besier, Kelly Sheerin, Hannah E Wyatt, Julie Choisne

引用次数: 0

Quantifying Nonlinear Ankle Quasi-Stiffness During Level and Sloped Walking. 水平和倾斜行走中非线性踝关节准刚度的量化。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Applied Biomechanics Pub Date : 2026-09-09 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2026-0017

Emma R Caringella, Kota Z Takahashi

{"title":"Quantifying Nonlinear Ankle Quasi-Stiffness During Level and Sloped Walking.","authors":"Emma R Caringella, Kota Z Takahashi","doi":"10.1123/jab.2026-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2026-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Natural ankle quasi-stiffness describes the joint's resistance to motion during loading in gait, which is informative for the design of biomimetic devices (eg, prostheses, orthoses, and exoskeletons). Ankle quasi-stiffness is typically quantified as the slope of the moment-angle curve using a linear approximation. Yet, recent studies during level-ground walking reveal that the human ankle displays a nonlinear behavior, in that the ankle stiffens with greater dorsiflexion. However, little is known regarding the nonlinear behavior when walking on slopes. Here, we aimed to quantify natural ankle quasi-stiffness during level and sloped walking. Twelve healthy young adults walked barefoot on an instrumented treadmill at 1.25 m/s at 5 slopes: decline (-10°, -5°), level (0°), and incline (5°, 10°). Linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomial regressions were computed on ankle moment-angle data during the loading phase. Adjusted R2 values evaluated the goodness of fit. During the decline and level conditions, cubic regression best predicted the moment-angle relationship (adjusted R2 > .975). During inclines, quadratic models best predicted the moment-angle relationship, although the goodness of fit was low (adjusted R2 < .444). Such models were especially poor for the incline 10° condition, revealing that a spring-like measure of ankle quasi-stiffness is not a sufficient summary for the ankle's behavior on steep inclines. Our results suggest that the human ankle exhibits nonlinear quasi-stiffness across level and sloped walking, with decline and level conditions being quantifiable by polynomial regression models. These findings may inform the design of biomimetic devices that can adapt to varying terrain.","PeriodicalId":54883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Propulsion Kinematics Matter: Improving Sprint Performance in Collegiate Wheelchair Basketball Athletes. 推进运动学问题：提高大学轮椅篮球运动员短跑成绩。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Applied Biomechanics Pub Date : 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2025-0318

Hannah Houde, Jared Rehm, Jaimie Roper, Christopher Wilburn, William Murrah, Melissa Morrow, Wendi Weimar

{"title":"Propulsion Kinematics Matter: Improving Sprint Performance in Collegiate Wheelchair Basketball Athletes.","authors":"Hannah Houde, Jared Rehm, Jaimie Roper, Christopher Wilburn, William Murrah, Melissa Morrow, Wendi Weimar","doi":"10.1123/jab.2025-0318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2025-0318","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the recognized importance of trunk and upper-extremity mechanics in wheelchair basketball sprinting, factors driving performance remain incompletely understood. We examined 55 collegiate athletes from the National Wheelchair Basketball Association who completed three 20-m and change-of-direction sprints while inertial sensors captured sprint kinematics across key phases. Athletes were classified on a 1.0 to 4.5 functional scale, where lower scores indicate less function and higher scores indicate greater function. Analyses focused on the first (initiation), third (transition), and fifth (maintenance) pushes. Faster 20-m sprint performance was associated with negative trunk displacement during the first push, greater right push length during the fifth push, and more years of collegiate experience, collectively explaining over 40% of sprint-time variance. For change-of-direction sprints, greater nonpivot shoulder displacement during the third push was the strongest predictor of faster performance. Notably, athlete classification was not associated with sprint outcomes, suggesting athletes develop compensatory movement strategies to achieve competitive speeds regardless of classification. These findings emphasize the importance of phase-specific biomechanical strategies, including trunk extension during acceleration, maximizing push length at higher speeds, and optimizing shoulder mechanics following directional changes. The results provide actionable insights for coaches and athletes seeking to enhance wheelchair basketball sprint performance.","PeriodicalId":54883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Time-Varying Hip Abductor Vibration on Mediolateral Sway. 时变髋关节外展肌振动对中外侧摆动的影响。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Applied Biomechanics Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2025-0387

Sarah M Rock, Maria C Alvarez, Ethan B Schonhaut, Jesse C Dean

{"title":"Effects of Time-Varying Hip Abductor Vibration on Mediolateral Sway.","authors":"Sarah M Rock, Maria C Alvarez, Ethan B Schonhaut, Jesse C Dean","doi":"10.1123/jab.2025-0387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2025-0387","url":null,"abstract":"The control of mediolateral standing balance is disrupted in many clinical populations, likely due in part to altered sensation. Contributions of specific feedback sources to balance control can be investigated using sensory perturbations, as can be evoked with musculotendon vibration. The purpose of this study was to determine whether hip abductor vibration can elicit mediolateral sway at frequencies below 1 Hz, which dominate standing posture. Participants (n = 12) without neurological or orthopedic conditions performed a series of randomized standing trials on a force plate in which either hip abductor vibration was delivered or the standing surface translated mediolaterally. Vibration was delivered bilaterally in an out-of-phase pattern, with time-varying intensity following sum-of-sine trajectories with frequency content from 0.1 to 0.9 Hz. Surface translations followed similar sinusoidal trajectories, with the goal of increasing the likelihood that trials with vibration would be interpreted as reflecting true mediolateral sway. Participants were not instructed how to respond to the stimuli, and center of pressure location was calculated using recorded ground reaction forces and moments from the force plate. Vibration caused significant increases in mediolateral sway only at the specific frequencies targeted by each trajectory, suggesting that appropriately delivered hip vibration could shape mediolateral sway patterns through sensory augmentation.","PeriodicalId":54883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Musculoskeletal Loading at Common Running Injury Sites From Acute Changes in Contralateral Pelvic Drop Utilizing Real-Time Feedback. 利用实时反馈研究对侧骨盆下降急性变化对常见跑步损伤部位的肌肉骨骼负荷。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Applied Biomechanics Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2026-0030

Holly Schmitz, Stacey Meardon, Timothy Derrick

{"title":"Musculoskeletal Loading at Common Running Injury Sites From Acute Changes in Contralateral Pelvic Drop Utilizing Real-Time Feedback.","authors":"Holly Schmitz, Stacey Meardon, Timothy Derrick","doi":"10.1123/jab.2026-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2026-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Increased contralateral pelvic drop (CPD) during running is associated with running injuries, yet its direct influence on tissue loading remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate how increased CPD affects internal loading at 4 common injury sites: the iliotibial band (ITB), Achilles tendon, patellofemoral joint (PFJ), and tibia. Eighteen healthy runners completed 2 overground running conditions at their 10 km pace: habitual running and increased CPD. Gait retraining with real-time visual feedback was used to alter pelvic drop. Kinetic and kinematic data were collected and musculoskeletal modeling estimated peak active and passive ITB strain, Achilles tendon force, PFJ contact force, and normal stress on the distal third of the tibia using elliptical beam theory. Participants increased peak CPD in the modified condition (-10.4° vs -6.0°, P < .001), resulting in increased passive and active tensor fascia latae component of the ITB strain (P < .05), with decreases in medial and lateral tibial stress (P < .05). No changes were observed in Achilles tendon force or PFJ contact force (P > .05). These results suggest increased CPD influences frontal plane mechanics and ITB loading but may not increase loading at other sites, including the Achilles tendon, PFJ, or distal tibia.","PeriodicalId":54883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenging Balance: Can Foam Insoles Serve as an Alternative to Pads? 挑战平衡：泡沫鞋垫可以作为衬垫的替代品吗？

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Applied Biomechanics Pub Date : 2026-08-25 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2025-0322

Esma Nur Kolbasi, Lotte Janssens, Joke Spildooren, Pieter Meyns

{"title":"Challenging Balance: Can Foam Insoles Serve as an Alternative to Pads?","authors":"Esma Nur Kolbasi, Lotte Janssens, Joke Spildooren, Pieter Meyns","doi":"10.1123/jab.2025-0322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2025-0322","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate (1) how different support surface properties challenge balance and (2) whether foam insoles can reproduce similar effects to foam pads. Twenty healthy young adults stood on 5 support surfaces (ie, no foam, firm foam, and soft foam, and 2 insoles made from each foam) under 2 stance types (bipedal vs unipedal). The elliptical area, path length, and mean velocity of center of pressure were recorded. Elliptical area was significantly larger while standing on soft foam (P = .005), and firm insoles (P = .014) compared with no foam, during bipedal stance (1). Furthermore, all conditions, except soft insoles, produced larger path length and velocity than the no foam condition. Only the firm insoles produced an elliptical area comparable to the soft foam (P = .286), while significantly differing from the no foam and soft insoles (2). Yet, firm insoles were not similar to soft foam in terms of path length and velocity. However, no difference was found between the support surfaces in unipedal stance. These suggest that both the soft foam pad and the firm insoles challenge balance yet use distinct balance strategies. Nonetheless, firm insoles may represent a potential alternative to foam pads to challenge balance, particularly spatial dispersion, during functional tasks such as gait.","PeriodicalId":54883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148820368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Overweight on Static Balance Ability, Muscle Activity, and Postural Control Strategies During External Perturbations. 在外界扰动下，超重对静态平衡能力、肌肉活动和姿势控制策略的影响。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Applied Biomechanics Pub Date : 2026-08-22 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2025-0266

Cheol-Jin Kang, Se-Hee Park, Sung-Min Son

{"title":"Effects of Overweight on Static Balance Ability, Muscle Activity, and Postural Control Strategies During External Perturbations.","authors":"Cheol-Jin Kang, Se-Hee Park, Sung-Min Son","doi":"10.1123/jab.2025-0266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2025-0266","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the effects of overweight on static balance, postural control strategies, and muscle activity during unexpected external perturbations. Twenty-eight adults in their twenties were assigned to either a normal-weight group (body mass index: 21.08 [2.55] kg/m2, n = 14) or an overweight group (body mass index: 27.77 [1.85] kg/m2, n = 14). Static balance was assessed under 4 conditions, and surface electromyography measured the onset time and activity of the erector spinae, biceps femoris, and medial gastrocnemius (MG) during balance recovery following forward perturbations. Participants in the overweight group showed significantly greater center-of-pressure sway velocity and distance than normal-weight participants (P < .05). In the normal-weight group, the MG activated earlier than the other muscles (P < .017). In the overweight group, no difference was observed between the MG and biceps femoris, while the erector spinae activated later (P < .017). Muscle activity in the MG and biceps femoris was higher in the overweight group (P < .05). These findings indicate that overweight is associated with reduced static balance and alters postural control strategies, with greater reliance on combined ankle-hip strategies. Increased muscle activity may contribute to fatigue and fall risk.","PeriodicalId":54883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148801796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0