Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health最新文献

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Socioeconomic inequalities in disease prevalence by age and sex for 17 common long-term conditions in England: retrospective, observational study of electronic primary care records from Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum. 英国17种常见长期疾病的年龄和性别患病率的社会经济不平等:来自临床实践研究数据链(CPRD) Aurum的电子初级保健记录的回顾性观察性研究
IF 3.7 2区 医学
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2024-223553
Nils Gutacker, David Glynn, Anne Mason, Simon Mark Walker, Luigi Siciliani, Tim Doran
{"title":"Socioeconomic inequalities in disease prevalence by age and sex for 17 common long-term conditions in England: retrospective, observational study of electronic primary care records from Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum.","authors":"Nils Gutacker, David Glynn, Anne Mason, Simon Mark Walker, Luigi Siciliani, Tim Doran","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-223553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2024-223553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence on socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of common long-term conditions and their variation across the life course is necessary for equitable service design and resource allocation. We used routinely collected electronic primary care records and a unified data extraction and analysis framework to estimate socioeconomic variations in the prevalence of 17 common long-term conditions by age and sex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic records for 2.2 m patients registered with 300 randomly selected primary care practices contributing to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum database were used to estimate observed, age-sex standardised and age-specific rates of disease prevalence on 31 March 2020 by Index of Multiple Deprivation quintile groups. Inequality in disease burden was expressed as the prevalence rate ratio (RR) between the most and least deprived fifths of the population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age-sex standardised prevalence rates were higher in the most deprived compared with the least deprived fifth of the population for 16 of 17 conditions. The largest relative differences in disease prevalence were observed for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (RR: 3.29; 95% CI: 3.19 to 3.38), severe mental illness (RR: 2.72; 95% CI: 2.60 to 2.85) and peripheral arterial disease (RR: 2.58; 95% CI: 2.46 to 2.72). For most conditions, the equity gap was largest in middle age and reduced with age thereafter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Substantial socioeconomic inequalities in disease prevalence are evident in the English population. A catalogue of disease prevalence by socioeconomic quintile group, age and sex is provided to facilitate further analysis and modelling.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Syndemic processes between non-communicable diseases and HIV within the Kingdom of Eswatini. 斯瓦蒂尼王国境内非传染性疾病与艾滋病毒之间的同步进程。
IF 3.7 2区 医学
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2025-223753
Niels Bal, Christopher Pell, Michaela Theilmann, Katja Polman, Trynke Hoekstra, Bongekile Thobekile Cindzi, Ntombikele Ginindza, Sijabulile Dlamini, Lisa Stehr, Harsh Vivek Harkare, Ria Reis, Frank van Leth
{"title":"Syndemic processes between non-communicable diseases and HIV within the Kingdom of Eswatini.","authors":"Niels Bal, Christopher Pell, Michaela Theilmann, Katja Polman, Trynke Hoekstra, Bongekile Thobekile Cindzi, Ntombikele Ginindza, Sijabulile Dlamini, Lisa Stehr, Harsh Vivek Harkare, Ria Reis, Frank van Leth","doi":"10.1136/jech-2025-223753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2025-223753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sub-Saharan Africa faces a double burden of disease due to the continued high prevalence of infectious diseases such as HIV and tuberculosis, and a concurrent increase in non-communicable diseases. The co-occurrence and clustering of multiple diseases can cause a syndemic, synergistically interacting epidemics, driven by context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study investigated potential syndemics in Eswatini, by determining geospatial disease concentration and estimating interaction between four diseases and the impact of context on these interactions. Using data from the WHOPEN@Scale household survey, we estimated generalised linear models with a quasi-Poisson link, incorporating three-way interaction terms. Joint effect estimates and the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) between diseases and contextual factors were estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Conditions with comorbid depression were concentrated in the middle of the country near the capital, and the combinations without depression mostly in the north. Additive interaction was found between HIV and diabetes across all three contextual factors, in particular for people who are the sole household member aged 30 or above RERI: 0.46 (95% CI 0.12 to 0.80) and those who had lost their partner RERI: 0.44 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.86).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We show that HIV and diabetes exhibit syndemic properties, indicated by geospatial variation, additive interaction as well as interaction with context. The lifelong chronicity and stigmatising nature of both diseases emphasise the importance of the social and financial context surrounding affected individuals. While the other disease pairs did not exhibit syndemic properties, the worst health outcomes among the double-exposed stipulate that comorbidity remains important within treatment guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of ambient temperature and absolute humidity on sudden cardiac arrest in Singapore: a nationwide time-series study. 新加坡环境温度和绝对湿度对心脏骤停的影响:一项全国性的时间序列研究。
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2025-224275
Andrew F W Ho, Jamie Ho, Marcus Ong, Joel Aik
{"title":"Influence of ambient temperature and absolute humidity on sudden cardiac arrest in Singapore: a nationwide time-series study.","authors":"Andrew F W Ho, Jamie Ho, Marcus Ong, Joel Aik","doi":"10.1136/jech-2025-224275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2025-224275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Global warming is expected to increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The effects of climate variability on sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) have not been studied in tropical climates. We aimed to study this in Singapore, a city-state with a tropical climate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included all nationally reported SCA cases from 1 April 2010 to 31 December 2021. Using negative binomial regression adjusted for long-term trend, periodicity and public holidays, we estimated the temperature and absolute humidity effects on SCA risk within the Distributed Lag Non-Linear Model framework. We compared the seasonal trend components of SCA cases, temperature and absolute humidity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 27 209 cases. The majority were 65 years of age and above (62.3%), male (63.4%) and of Chinese ethnicity (68.4%). SCA risk increased by 13% (RR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.20) at 29°C and by 33% (RR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.70) at 24°C (relative to 27°C) when these temperatures sustained over 8 days. SCA risk increased by 78% (RR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.34 to 2.37) when absolute humidity was sustained over 7 days at 18 g/m<sup>3</sup> (relative to 25 g/m<sup>3</sup>). The cooler temperature effects on SCA risk were higher at lower levels of absolute humidity, suggesting effect modification. SCA had its highest peak in the first half of the calendar year, occurring concurrent to a seasonal trough in absolute humidity while its second peak was preceded by the seasonal peak in temperature.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Temperature and absolute humidity were independently associated with SCA risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prior incarceration and food insecurity trajectories through older adulthood: findings from the Health and Retirement Study. 先前的监禁和老年期的粮食不安全轨迹:来自健康和退休研究的发现。
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2025-224343
Alexander Testa, Luis Mijares, Karyn Fu, Ava Yoder, Louisa Holaday, Carmen Gutierrez, Dylan B Jackson, Kyle T Ganson, Jason M Nagata, Daphne C Hernandez
{"title":"Prior incarceration and food insecurity trajectories through older adulthood: findings from the Health and Retirement Study.","authors":"Alexander Testa, Luis Mijares, Karyn Fu, Ava Yoder, Louisa Holaday, Carmen Gutierrez, Dylan B Jackson, Kyle T Ganson, Jason M Nagata, Daphne C Hernandez","doi":"10.1136/jech-2025-224343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2025-224343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prior cross-sectional research has identified incarceration as a risk factor for food insecurity across the life course. However, there is a lack of longitudinal studies on the relationship between prior incarceration and food insecurity over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study uses biennial data across 10 time points from the Health and Retirement Study (years 2012-2022) to examine the association between prior incarceration and longitudinal trajectories of food insecurity among adults aged 55 and older in the USA (N=8229). Group-based trajectory modelling was used to assess patterns of food insecurity status over time. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the relationship between prior incarceration and food insecurity trajectory group membership.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three food insecurity trajectory groups were identified: no food insecurity (86.2%), declining food insecurity (11.0%) and chronic food insecurity (2.8%). Results from the multinomial logistic regression demonstrated that a history of incarceration was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of membership in the Declining Food Insecurity (relative risk ratio (RRR)=1.80, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.60) and Chronic Food Insecurity groups (RRR=2.14, 95% CI 1.35 to 3.39), relative to No Food Insecurity group after adjusting for covariates. However, after controlling for household income and wealth, this association was attenuated and remained statistically significant only for the Declining Food Insecurity group (RRR=1.59, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.37).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A history of incarceration is associated with a greater risk of food insecurity across older adulthood, though this relationship appears to be largely due to disparities in socioeconomic status.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Associations of municipality-level income and racial segregation with individual-level tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Brazil: a nationwide cohort study (2010-2019). 巴西市级收入和种族隔离与个人结核病治疗结果的关系:一项全国队列研究(2010-2019)。
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2024-223465
Qanisha Hall, José Firmino de Sousa Filho, Joanna Mn Guimarães, Deborah C Malta, Natalia Cristina Romero-Sandoval, Sally Hargreaves, Ligia Kerr, Gervasio F Santos, Elizabeth B Brickley, Enny S Paixão, Maurício L Barreto, Julia M Pescarini
{"title":"Associations of municipality-level income and racial segregation with individual-level tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Brazil: a nationwide cohort study (2010-2019).","authors":"Qanisha Hall, José Firmino de Sousa Filho, Joanna Mn Guimarães, Deborah C Malta, Natalia Cristina Romero-Sandoval, Sally Hargreaves, Ligia Kerr, Gervasio F Santos, Elizabeth B Brickley, Enny S Paixão, Maurício L Barreto, Julia M Pescarini","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-223465","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-223465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Residential segregation is considered a social determinant of health, but there is limited evidence of its impact on tuberculosis (TB). We investigated the associations between municipality-level income and racial segregation and TB treatment outcomes in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied nationwide registries of new TB cases between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019. TB treatment was dichotomised as unfavourable (ie, loss to follow-up, modification of treatment regimen, treatment failure and death) and favourable (ie, cured/treatment completion). We assessed individuals' municipality-level income and racial segregation (ie, dispersion of household heads earning ≤half versus those earning >half minimum wage; and of household heads identifying as black or brown/mixed race (<i>Pardo/a</i>) versus white). Logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical variables was used to estimate the OR of experiencing an unfavourable treatment outcome associated with segregation overall and by self-identified race/ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals living in highly economically and racially segregated municipalities (fifth versus first quintiles) were more likely to have an unfavourable TB treatment outcome (income segregation: adjusted OR 1.34 (95% CI 1.31 to 1.37); racial segregation: 1.13 (0.94 to 1.36)). Living in municipalities of higher income segregation (third, fourth and fifth quintiles) was associated with higher unfavourable TB treatment outcomes in all self-identified racial groups (fifth quintile: white 1.25 (0.96 to 1.64); black 1.42 (1.15 to 1.74); brown/mixed 1.37 (1.20 to 1.56); Asian=1.30 (1.00 to 1.69) and Indigenous 1.37 (1.00 to 1.87)).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Living in highly income and racially segregated environments is associated with unfavourable TB treatment outcomes for all self-identified races in Brazil. TB programmes should account for segregation as a barrier to TB treatment completion.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heterogeneity in associations between food insecurity and diabetes outcomes. 粮食不安全与糖尿病结局之间关联的异质性。
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2025-224037
Seth A Berkowitz, Mufeng Gao, Aileen Ochoa, Marlena L Kuhn, Jenine Dankovchik, Jenna M Donovan, Myklynn LaPoint, Sanjay Basu, Michael G Hudgens, Rachel Gold
{"title":"Heterogeneity in associations between food insecurity and diabetes outcomes.","authors":"Seth A Berkowitz, Mufeng Gao, Aileen Ochoa, Marlena L Kuhn, Jenine Dankovchik, Jenna M Donovan, Myklynn LaPoint, Sanjay Basu, Michael G Hudgens, Rachel Gold","doi":"10.1136/jech-2025-224037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2025-224037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Food insecurity is associated with worse diabetes outcomes, but how that association may vary across individuals is unclear. We sought to better understand possible heterogeneity in the association between food insecurity and diabetes outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Longitudinal cohort study of adults with type 2 diabetes assessed for food insecurity in community-based health centres. Diabetes outcomes were haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), 12 months after food insecurity assessment. We used three machine learning methods (generalised random forest (GRF), X-Learner and Doubly Robust Learner) to assess outcome heterogeneity across the following variables: age, sex, race and ethnicity, health insurance, income, comorbidity, baseline outcome and social vulnerability index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 41 581 individuals (mean age 56.2 (SD: 12.8) years, 56.9% female), mean baseline HbA1c was 7.8% (SD: 1.9%) and 10 399 (25.0%) reported food insecurity. Food insecurity was associated with 0.1% greater HbA1c at 12 months, with little heterogeneity. For example, using GRF, the mean difference in HbA1c in the quartile with the lowest estimated HbA1c difference associated with experiencing, versus not experiencing, food insecurity was 0.0%, while the mean difference in the quartile with the greatest estimated difference was 0.2%. Results were similar for other outcomes, except that there was no association between food insecurity and LDL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, we did not observe meaningful heterogeneity in the associations between food insecurity and diabetes outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating the effect of the end of the COVID-19 uninsured programme on COVID-19 vaccine administration in California: a quasi-experimental study. 评估加州COVID-19无保险计划结束对COVID-19疫苗管理的影响:一项准实验研究
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2025-223751
Celeste J Romano, Roch A Nianogo, Cora Hoover, Joshua J Quint
{"title":"Evaluating the effect of the end of the COVID-19 uninsured programme on COVID-19 vaccine administration in California: a quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Celeste J Romano, Roch A Nianogo, Cora Hoover, Joshua J Quint","doi":"10.1136/jech-2025-223751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2025-223751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The COVID-19 Claims Reimbursement for Vaccine Administration for the Uninsured Programme (COVID-19 Uninsured Programme), a novel, short-term federal initiative, reimbursed providers for healthcare-related expenses incurred through the vaccination of individuals without healthcare coverage. The present study aimed to characterise the use of the COVID-19 Uninsured Programme in California and estimate the effect of the end of the programme on vaccine administration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>California vaccine providers who received reimbursements through 5 April 2022 (the programme end date) were linked to providers in the state immunisation registry. Generalised synthetic control methods were used to estimate the effect of the end of the programme on COVID-19 vaccine administration rates during the ensuing 8 weeks in counties with the highest (>3%) versus lowest (<1%) proportion of doses reimbursed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 1145 vaccine providers across 48 of California's 58 counties received reimbursement through the COVID-19 Uninsured Programme. The county-level median number and percentage of doses reimbursed through the programme was 2908 (IQR=406-18 578) and 0.9% (IQR=0.4%-2.5%), respectively. Among the 8 counties with the greatest proportion of doses reimbursed, an estimated 6.4 fewer doses were administered per 10 000 vaccine-eligible residents per day (95% CI: -10.4 to -2.5).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The end of the COVID-19 Uninsured Programme was associated with lower vaccine administration rates among counties with high participation in the programme; several counties had low or no participation in the programme, indicating underutilisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Health literacy by occupation in Korea. 韩国按职业分列的卫生知识素养。
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2025-224445
In Cheol Hwang, Hong-Yup Ahn
{"title":"Health literacy by occupation in Korea.","authors":"In Cheol Hwang, Hong-Yup Ahn","doi":"10.1136/jech-2025-224445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2025-224445","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of Peru's women's emergency centres on the reporting of physical, psychological and sexual intimate partner violence. 秘鲁妇女急救中心对报告身体、心理和亲密伴侣性暴力行为的影响。
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2024-222140
Renzo Calderon-Anyosa, Alissa Koski, Cesar Carcamo, Patricia J Garcia, Arijit Nandi, Jay Kaufman
{"title":"Impact of Peru's women's emergency centres on the reporting of physical, psychological and sexual intimate partner violence.","authors":"Renzo Calderon-Anyosa, Alissa Koski, Cesar Carcamo, Patricia J Garcia, Arijit Nandi, Jay Kaufman","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222140","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Violence against women is a global problem with serious consequences. In response, Peru established women's emergency centres or Centros de Emergencia Mujer (CEMs) in 1999, offering support services like psychological and legal counselling for women suffering from violence. CEMs also implemented preventive activities such as educational programmes and community outreach to prevent domestic violence. This study aimed to assess the impact of CEMs on physical, psychological and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) in Peru.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a secondary analysis of the Peru Demographic and Health Surveys' domestic violence module, from 2004, the first year of available data, to 2016. We use a difference-in-differences approach with the Callaway and Sant'Anna estimator to account for the staggered introduction of CEMs across districts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings showed that CEMs lead to an average increase of 3.00 percentage points (pp) (95% CI: 0.61 to 5.39) in the probability of reporting any form of physical, psychological or sexual IPV, primarily driven by psychological violence reporting (3.07 pp, 95 %CI: 0.60 to 5.55). Analyses of the effect of CEMs on physical and sexual violence were inconclusive but indicate that the CEMs did not have large impacts on these forms of violence.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>CEMs may have increased the reporting mainly of psychological IPV to the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). This increase in psychological IPV could be due to heightened sensitisation, leading to more individuals reporting to the DHS than before, or to a rise in incidence stemming from unaddressed root causes of violence or potential backlash effects. Our results are inconclusive regarding the impact of CEMs in IPV incidence and highlight the need to refine CEM preventive services and adopt comprehensive strategies to combat and to measure the impact of interventions in IPV. Further research is essential to understand the complexities of IPV prevention and measurement to continuously monitor the progress of such interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"646-652"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genetic contributions to the educational inequalities in coronary heart disease incidence: a population-based study of 32 000 middle-aged men and women. 冠心病发病率中教育不平等的遗传因素:一项针对 32 000 名中年男女的人群研究。
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2024-222618
Karri Silventoinen, Hannu Lahtinen, Kaarina Korhonen, Tim T Morris, Pekka Martikainen
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