Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health最新文献

{"title":"Do adult children increase the chances of receiving the recommended hospital treatment among older adults with heart disease?","authors":"Mathilde Marie Brünnich Sloth, Jannie Nielsen, Emma Neble Larsen, Merete Osler, Terese Sara Hoj Jorgensen","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222399","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We investigated whether having children and their socioeconomic resources are associated with receiving coronary angiogram (CAG) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) among older adults with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina pectoris.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 13 046 older adults diagnosed with first-time NSTEMI and unstable angina pectoris between 2002 and 2018. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations of having children and their socioeconomic resources with receiving a CAG examination within the first 3 days of their diagnosis and CABG or PCI within 30 days of their diagnosis following CAG examination, respectively, adjusted for sociodemographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within 3 days, 7158 older adults (54.9%) received a CAG, and of those, 4514 older adults (63.1%) received CABG or PCI within 30 days after their diagnosis following CAG examination. In the adjusted analyses, having children was associated with 21% (OR: 1.21, 95% CI 1.08; 1.36) higher odds of receiving CAG within 3 days and 20% (OR: 1.20, 95% CI 1.01; 1.42) higher odds of receiving CABG or PCI within 30 days after being diagnosed with NSTEMI and unstable angina pectoris, respectively, compared with those not having children. In adults with children aged ≥30 years, having children with short education was associated with 13% lower odds (OR: 0.87, 95% CI 0.77; 0.99) of receiving CAG, compared with older adults with children with long education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Older adults with children had higher odds of receiving examination and treatment after diagnosis with NSTEMI or unstable angina pectoris. Older adults with children with short education had lower odds of receiving examination compared with older adults with children with long education.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"169-175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in obesity prevalence by gender and educational level among adults in Mid-Sweden between 2012 and 2022.","authors":"Anu Molarius, Jan Karlsson","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222665","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim was to investigate trends in obesity prevalence by gender and educational level in the general population aged 30-69 years, based on large surveys conducted in Mid-Sweden in 2012, 2017 and 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 22 082, 15 264 and 17 055 respondents, respectively. Obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m²) was based on self-reported weight and height. Trends in obesity prevalence, including comparisons across educational levels, were estimated by age-standardised proportions with corresponding 95% CIs. Differences between genders, educational levels and survey years were tested using multiple logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall age-standardised prevalence of obesity increased from 17.6% in 2012 to 20.1% in 2017 and to 23.3% in 2022. There was no statistically significant difference in obesity prevalence between men and women. Large and persisting inequalities between educational levels were however observed. In 2022, the prevalence of obesity was about 30% among persons with low/middle education and 18% among persons with high education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Efforts to tackle the obesity epidemic are urgently required in Sweden, taking into consideration the circumstances of groups with low and middle levels of education.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"216-219"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between socioeconomic disadvantage and severe maternal morbidity and mortality in high-income countries: a systematic review.","authors":"Dorothea Geddes-Barton, Sofia Baldelli, Roshan Karthikappallil, Thomas Bentley, Blessing Omorodion, Lucy Thompson, Nia Wyn Roberts, Raph Goldacre, Marian Knight, Rema Ramakrishnan","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222407","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Socioeconomic position (SEP) is among the most important determinants of variations in health outcomes. This systematic review aimed to summarise the association between socioeconomic disadvantage and the risk of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and maternal mortality (MM) across high-income countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycInfo databases and Google Scholar from January 2000 to June 2023. Peer-reviewed papers from observational studies conducted in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries were included. Meta-analyses of comparable studies, a narrative summary and a harvest plot were undertaken.The risk of bias was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final review included 52 papers. In the meta-analyses, compared with the least amount of neighbourhood deprivation, neighbourhood income, neighbourhood poverty and years of education, the ORs for SMM in the highest group were 1.45 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.85), 1.48 (95% CI 1.34 to 1.63), 1.61 (95% CI 0.97 to 2.66) and 1.29 (95% CI 1.22 to 1.37), respectively. Similarly, the ORs for MM among least versus highest amount of neighbourhood deprivation, unemployed versus employed, lower versus higher occupational group and years of education were 2.10 (95% CI 1.57 to 2.81), 1.86 (95% CI 0.95 to 3.66), 1.61 (95% CI 1.03 to 2.51) and 1.90 (95% CI 1.29 to 2.79), respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In high-income countries across the different measures of SEP, socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with increased risk for SMM and MM. There is a need for interventions across multiple societal levels that will be effective in reducing these inequitable outcomes.</p><p><strong>Prospero registration number: </strong>CRD42023399267.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"207-215"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of housing tenure and unaffordable housing with preterm birth and other adverse birth outcomes in Canada: a population-based study.","authors":"Azar Mehrabadi, Gabriel D Shapiro, Tracey Bushnik, Jay Kaufman, Seungmi Yang","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222677","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Socioeconomic risk factors are known drivers of adverse birth outcomes. Housing is a key target for policy interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the associations of housing tenure (renting vs owning) and unaffordable housing with preterm birth and other adverse birth outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used 2014-2016 Canadian birth registration data linked with the 2016 long-form census and included singleton births among homeowners and renters. Unaffordable housing was defined at the family level as the proportion of pre-tax income spent on shelter, using a 30% cut-off. The primary outcome was preterm birth. Secondary outcomes were stillbirth and infant death. Log-binomial regression estimated the association of housing tenure and unaffordability with outcomes adjusting for sociodemographic risk factors and parity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 162 700 live births and stillbirths (52 740 renters, 109 960 owners), 31% of renters and 17% of owners experienced unaffordable housing. Renting was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (7.5% vs 6.1%; adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 1.13; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.17), stillbirth (9.5 vs 6.6 per 1000; aRR 1.33, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.56) and infant death (4.2 vs 3.0 per 1000; aRR 1.52, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.82). There was no association of housing unaffordability with preterm birth or other adverse birth outcomes among owners or renters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This nationally representative study in Canada found associations between renting versus owning and preterm birth, stillbirth and infant death, as well as a high burden of unaffordable housing, particularly among renters. This study suggests that home tenure itself is a social determinant of adverse birth outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"220-226"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverging mental health trends in the postpandemic era: results from the HUNT Study, Norway.","authors":"Daniel Weiss, Christopher Lowenstein, Erik Reidar Sund, Daniel Vethe, Steinar Krokstad","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222626","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this report is to examine to what extent the COVID-19 pandemic affected pre-existing trends in mental health, with a focus on subgroup differences across age, gender and socioeconomic status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our analysis uses data from two survey periods (HUNT4: 2017-2019 and HUNT-COVID: 2021-2023) from the Trøndelag Health Study in Norway. We estimate overall and stratified (by age, sex and educational attainment) prevalence values for above-threshold (≥8) anxiety and depression scores using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. For each outcome, we compare prevalences between HUNT-4 and HUNT-Covid within each subgroup.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Above-threshold levels of anxiety were higher among women than men, while the opposite was true for depression. Symptoms generally decrease with age. Between HUNT4 and HUNT-COVID, for both women and men, anxiety symptoms decreased (except among women between 18-29 and 30-39) while depression symptoms increased (except for individuals over 80). Anxiety symptoms decreased across education levels between HUNT4 and HUNT-COVID while depression symptoms increased across education levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings illustrate the negative long-term effects of a shock such as a pandemic while also illustrating the potential positive effects of generous welfare benefits on inequalities in mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"165-168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public health unit funding per capita and seasonal influenza vaccination among youth and adults in Ontario, Canada in 2013/2014 and 2018/2019.","authors":"Jo Lin Chew, Brendan T Smith, Sarah A Buchan, Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan, Roman Pabayo","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222467","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Influenza vaccines are crucial in reducing the risk of influenza symptoms. We aimed to: (1) estimate the association between public health unit (PHU) funding per capita and influenza vaccination among individuals aged 12 and older in Ontario in 2013/2014 and 2018/2019 and (2) determine whether any observed associations were heterogeneous across household income groups, gender and age categories.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional studies were conducted using the Canadian Community Health Survey, a population-representative survey that collects annual health data. PHU funding per capita was measured using the approved provincial funding for mandatory programmes and the Canadian Census Population Estimates. Self-reported influenza vaccination status in the past year was used. Multilevel logistic regression was used to estimate the association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A case-complete weighted dataset revealed that 33.2% in 2013/2014 and 35.1% in 2018/2019 of respondents were vaccinated. In 2013/2014, every standard deviation (SD) increase in PHU funding per capita was associated with vaccination (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.15; SD: 14.1). Furthermore, for every SD increase in PHU funding per capita in 2013/2014, individuals from the lowest household income and between the ages of 50 and 64 years were 29% (95% CI: 1.10, 1.50) and 13% (95% CI: 1.03, 1.23) more likely to be vaccinated, respectively, while adjusting for confounders. No heterogeneous associations were observed in 2018/2019.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Funding may have the potential to support PHU's role in preventing diseases, promoting health and reducing health inequities among the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"176-186"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there an association between psychological distress during early adulthood and later trajectories of physical activity during adulthood? Longitudinal data from two cohort studies.","authors":"André Oliveira Werneck, Raphael Henrique de Oliveira Araujo, Danilo Rodrigues Silva, Brendon Stubbs","doi":"10.1136/jech-2023-221677","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2023-221677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Our aim was to analyse the prospective association between psychological distress during early adulthood and physical activity trajectories between early and middle adulthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the 1958 National Child Development Study (NCDS) (n=8994, 4388 women) and the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS) (n=7014, 4388 women). Psychological distress was assessed using the Malaise inventory at 23 years in the 1958 NCDS and at 26 years at the 1970 BCS. Self-report leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) was assessed at 33 years, 42 years, 46 years, 50 years and 55 years in the 1958 NCDS as well as at 30 years, 34 years, 42 years and 46 years in the 1970 BCS. We created physical activity trajectories, using latent class growth analysis. Poisson regression analysis was used for association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified three trajectories of physical activity during adulthood in both cohorts. Participants with psychological distress at 23 years were less likely to be in the persistently high trajectory (RR_adjusted: 0.79; 95% CI 0.64 to 0.98) in the 1958 NCDS. In addition, participants with psychological distress at 26 years were less likely to be in the increased LTPA (0.73; 0.59 to 0.89) and persistently high (0.59; 0.50 to 0.69) trajectories, comparing with participants without psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated psychological distress during early adulthood is associated with a lower probability of adopting positive trajectories of LTPA during adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"187-192"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors among workers: results from the Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health study.","authors":"Zobida Islam, Shohei Yamamoto, Yosuke Inoue, Toru Honda, Shuichiro Yamamoto, Tohru Nakagawa, Hiroko Okazaki, Hiroshi Ide, Toshiaki Miyamoto, Takeshi Kochi, Takayuki Ogasawara, Makoto Yamamoto, Naoki Gonmori, Kenya Yamamoto, Toshitaka Yokoya, Maki Konishi, Seitaro Dohi, Isamu Kabe, Tetsuya Mizoue","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222703","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions on human activities have greatly changed lifestyles, which might have deteriorated the cardiometabolic profile.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors among Japanese workers in fiscal years (FY) 2020 and 2021 compared with the prepandemic period.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study comprised an average of 71 025 employees in Japan who underwent annual health check-ups for at least two successive years from 2015 to 2021. Annual incidence rates from 2016 to 2021 were assessed for obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The observed incidence rates in 2020 and 2021 were compared with the predicted incidence based on prepandemic trends (2016 to 2019).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to the prepandemic, the incidence of all the outcomes, except for dyslipidaemia, significantly increased in 2020. Between FY 2016 and 2019, the adjusted mean incidence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and MetS was 5.0%, 1.4%, 5.3%, 17.4% and 7.6%, respectively. In FY 2020, the adjusted incidence (95% CI) of these outcomes increased to 6.02 (5.80 to 6.24), 1.84 (1.73 to 1.96), 6.62 (6.40 to 6.83), 19.31 (18.83 to 19.78) and 8.51 (8.23 to 8.78), which were higher than the predicted incidence of 5.24 (4.99 to 5.49), 1.54 (1.41 to 1.67), 6.02 (5.76 to 6.27), 18.58 (18.00 to 19.16) and 8.05 (7.71 to 8.38) for 2020, respectively. The incidence returned to the prepandemic levels in FY 2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results showed a worsening of the cardiometabolic profile during the initial year of the pandemic, which was reverted in the second year to the levels before the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"193-199"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographical variability in cancer incidence explained by the socioeconomic environment: an example of lung cancer in northwestern France.","authors":"Pauline Pouchin, Genin Michaël, Bara Simona, Vigneron Nicolas, Guy Launoy, Joséphine Bryère","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222704","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence of lung cancer is unequally distributed in France. Although several studies have shown a link between the socioeconomic environment of populations and the incidence of cancer, the contribution has not been quantified. We aimed to analyse the geographical variability of lung cancer incidence in Normandy and calculate the proportion explained by the socioeconomic environment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 7665 lung cancer cases recorded in the General Tumor Registry of Calvados and the Cancer Registry of Manche. A Bayesian model was used to map the spatial variation in the incidence of lung cancer in the territory, and an innovative approach was used to evaluate the influence of geographical variability in the socioeconomic environment on the spatial heterogeneity of lung cancer incidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The maps of the spatial components showed high contrasts for both genders, and the socioeconomic environment integration in the model made the maps less contrasting. The socioeconomic environment of the population explained one-third of the spatial variation in the incidence of lung cancer in women and one-fifth in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results showed that a non-negligible part of the spatial variation in the incidence of lung cancer could be explained by the geographical distribution of the socioeconomic environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"200-206"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overall and race-specific associations between state-level minimum wage policy and food insecurity in the United States.","authors":"Sophia L Freije, Maeve Wallace, M Pia Chaparro","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222350","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the USA, states can set higher minimum wages than the federal government. We investigated the association between state minimum wages and racial/ethnic inequities in food insecurity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Household-level food insecurity and sociodemographic data were obtained from the cross-sectional Current Population Survey 2015-2019 (n=189 665 households) and merged by state and year with minimum wage and cost-of-living data obtained from the US Department of Labor and US Bureau of Economic Analysis, respectively. We fitted Poisson regression models with robust standard errors with 12-month or 30-day household food insecurity as the outcome, and minimum wage or inflation-adjusted minimum wage (ie, real wage) as the predictor, adjusting for cost of living, sociodemographic covariates and state fixed-effects. We tested interactions between minimum wage and race/ethnicity and ran race/ethnicity-stratified models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In adjusted models, the real wage was not associated with 12-month or 30-day food insecurity. Minimum wage was associated with 5% lower prevalence rate of 12-month food insecurity (PR 0.95, 95% CI=0.93 to 0.98) and 7% lower prevalence rate of 30-day food insecurity (PR 0.93, 95% CI 0.91 to 0.96) for all households. The interaction p values for race/ethnicity with real wage and minimum wage were p<0.001. In stratified models, results were statistically significant for minimum wage and 12-month food insecurity among non-Hispanic (NH) white households (PR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89 to 0.96) and Hispanic households (PR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.98), and minimum wage and 30-day food insecurity among NH white (PR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.96), NH black (PR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89 to 0.99) and Hispanic (PR 0.90, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.95) households.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher state-level minimum wages, but not real wages, were associated with lower food insecurity prevalence overall and for racial/ethnic subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"153-158"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}