Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health最新文献

{"title":"Differential impact of cervical cancer in immigrant women: a decade-long epidemiological study in the Marche Region, Italy.","authors":"Katiuscia Di Biagio, Raffaella Bracci, Chiara Peconi, Beatrice Gasperini, Sonia Manasse, Marco Pompili, Donatella Sarti, Alice Lanari, Emilia Prospero","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222564","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer is primarily caused by persistent human papilloma virus (HPV) infections, with significant disparities observed in its burden, especially affecting immigrant populations from high HPV prevalence regions. This study evaluates the incidence and severity of cervical cancer in immigrant women in the Marche region, Italy, from 2010 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed a detailed analysis of population-based data from the Marche Cancer Registry using the age-standardised incidence rates (IRs) and Poisson regression models for in situ cervical cancer (ISCC) and infiltrating cervical cancer (ICC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IRs for ICC and ISCC among immigrant women are alarmingly higher compared with their Italian counterparts; IR for ICC in immigrant women is 26.5 per 100 000 women-years, compared with 7.9 in Italian women. For ISCC, the IR is 55.1 for immigrants versus 29.2 for Italians.Immigrant women showed a median age at diagnosis for ICC of 49 years, almost a decade younger than Italian women, and they were more likely to have squamous cell histology, which is linked to high-risk HPV strains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study reveals a substantially higher incidence of both ISCC and ICC among immigrant women with ICC diagnosed 8 years previously. These findings underscore the pressing need for culturally and linguistically tailored public health interventions, including improved access to screening and vaccination for HPV, to address the elevated risk and earlier onset of cervical cancer in immigrant women in Italy. The study highlights the critical role of preventive measures in reducing health disparities and enhancing the efficacy of public health policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":"79 6","pages":"410-415"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degree of housing damage caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake and all-cause mortality in the community-based cohort study of the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project.","authors":"Naoki Nakaya, Kumi Nakaya, Mana Kogure, Yuka Kotozaki, Rieko Hatanaka, Ippei Chiba, Sayuri Tokioka, Masato Takase, Satoshi Nagaie, Hideki Ohmomo, Takahito Nasu, Nobuo Fuse, Kozo Tanno, Atsushi Hozawa","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-223084","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-223084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Natural disasters may have negative health effects on survivors. However, long-term observations on this are lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the association between the degree of housing damage caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) and all-cause mortality using the data from the cohort study conducted by the Tohoku Medical Megabank (TMM) Project in disaster-stricken areas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The community-based cohort study of the TMM Project which conducted a baseline survey from May 2013 to March 2016 collected data using questionnaires and blood and urine tests. The present large-scale prospective cohort study was a follow-up survey in which the degree of house damage and all-cause mortality were analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusting for sex, age and other potentially confounding variables. The degree of house damage was categorised into 'did not live in the disaster area', 'no damage', 'small-scale damage' and 'large-scale damage'. Among the 58 320 participants, 1763 deaths were confirmed during the follow-up which averaged 6.5 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The multivariate analysis showed a hazard ratio (95% CI) of 0.96 (0.82 to 1.13) for those who did not live in the disaster area, 0.98 (0.87 to 1.10) for small-scale damage and 0.98 (0.85 to 1.14) for large-scale damage, compared with no damage, but no significant association with all-cause mortality was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this large-scale prospective cohort study of GEJE survivors showed no significant relationship between the degree of house damage and all-cause mortality. Further long-term follow-up studies are needed to examine the long-term health effects of natural disasters on survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"451-458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of congenital heart defects in people with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Chen-Xi Xu, Lei Chen, Yong Cheng, Yang Du","doi":"10.1136/jech-2023-220638","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2023-220638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of congenital heart defects (CHD) in Down syndrome (DS) varies considerably across studies (from 16% to 84%). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of CHD in people with DS (CHD-DS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched through to 5 January 2023. English-language and Chinese-language articles reporting data on the prevalence of CHD in people with DS were included. Two independent observers performed data extraction and we used a random effects model for all statistical analyses by the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis V.3.3.070 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A pooled analysis, based on 102 studies that included 60 610 individuals, revealed the prevalence of CHD was 49.9% (95% CI: 46.8% to 53.0%) in people with DS. Most of the studies included in this meta-analysis were from North America, Europe and Asia, and subgroup analyses showed a slightly higher prevalence of CHD-DS in Asia (27 studies) compared with North America (28 studies) and Europe (35 studies) (Asia vs North America vs Europe; 54.2% vs 51.6% vs 46.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results demonstrated that approximately one-half of people with DS had CHD, reinforcing the need to screen all newborns suspected of Down syndrome for CHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"445-450"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Geographical variability in cancer incidence explained by the socioeconomic environment: an example of lung cancer in northwestern France.","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222704corr1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2024-222704corr1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":"79 6","pages":"476"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic group, socioeconomic position and pregnancy outcome: a mediation model through latent class.","authors":"Ian Henderson, Siobhan Quenby","doi":"10.1136/jech-2023-220996","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2023-220996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preterm birth (PTB) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) disproportionately affect women who are Black or Asian. Structural racism produces health inequalities. Identifying latent socioeconomic classes may help to understand the role socioeconomic position (SEP) plays in this inequality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included women from the baseline survey of the UK-based Millennium Cohort Study who had a live singleton pregnancy and gave birth from 1 September 2000 to 11 January 2002. Relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for PTB and SGA were estimated for ethnic groups compared with women who were white, with adjustment for SEP. Latent SEP classes were then identified using diverse prospective socioeconomic data. Mediation of health inequality via SEP and latent SEP class was tested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 17 701 included women, 6.7% (95% CI 6.2%, 7.1%) experienced PTB and 7.0% (6.5%, 7.5%) SGA. We found evidence that the association between ethnic groups and PTB was mediated by latent SEP class for women who were Bangladeshi, Black African, Black Caribbean and Pakistani, with indirect 'effects' of RR 1.08 (1.01, 1.16), 1.07 (1.01, 1.14), 1.06 (1.00, 1.12) and 1.06 (1.00, 1.13), respectively, relative to White. When using the simple measures of maternal education, household income and marital status, we found no evidence of mediation except for a potential protective effect among Indian women, relative to White. We found similar evidence for SGA, with indirect effects through latent SEP class of RR 1.35 (1.19, 1.52), 1.32 (1.17, 1.48), 1.26 (1.12, 1.41), 1.27 (1.13, 1.42), respectively. When using the simple measures, we found evidence of mediation only among Black African and Black Caribbean women, with RR 1.16 (1.04, 1.30) and 1.12 (1.00, 1.26), respectively, relative to White.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The determinants of inequality appeared to differ by ethnicity. We demonstrated the mediating role of individual-level SEP and a role for latent class analysis to interpret complex combinations of socioeconomic data.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":"79 6","pages":"397-403"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood family income and medication use in youth.","authors":"Heta Moustgaard, Elina Moore, Satu Malmberg, Lasse Tarkiainen, Pekka Martikainen","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-222129","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-222129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low family socioeconomic position is a well-established determinant of poor health in youth. Much less is known about the social patterning of youth medication use, and the current evidence is mixed. Furthermore, previous studies have not assessed important confounders of the associations. We analyse differences in youth medication use by childhood family income and medication type.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Administrative register data on full Finnish cohorts born in 1979-2003 (n=1 490 666) and survival analysis were used to assess the risk of using common prescription medications between ages 16 and 20 according to mean household income in ages 11-15, accounting for several observed familial characteristics including parental health. We also compared siblings with discordant childhood income exposures to assess whether any differences are explained by unobserved familial confounding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For each 10% increase in childhood family income, there was a 0.6%-1.7% increase in the probability of using the most common prescription medications: antibiotics, painkillers, and allergy and asthma medications. In contrast, a 10% increase in childhood income was related to a 2.5% decrease in the probability of psychotropic medication use. In sibling comparisons, childhood income was not associated with any type of medication use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Apart from psychotropics, the results may indicate medication underuse among youth from low-income families. The sibling comparisons suggest that moderate differences in childhood income are unlikely to cause differences in youth medication use and thus, in contexts of relative income equality, income differences in medication use are likely to reflect other, unobserved, family factors shared by siblings.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"424-430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race disparities in dental care use from adolescence to middle adulthood in the USA.","authors":"Alexander Testa, Luis Mijares, Karyn Fu, Dylan Jackson, Carmen Gutierrez, Reed DeAngelis, Kyle Ganson, Jason Nagata, Rahma Mungia","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-223202","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-223202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examines the longitudinal patterns of dental care use from adolescence to middle adulthood (ages 11-43) and investigates racial and ethnic disparities in these patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from Waves I through V of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (1993-2018; ages 11-43). Semiparametric group-based trajectory model identified distinct dental care use trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate membership in these trajectory groups by race/ethnicity while accounting for covariates, including socioeconomic status, biological sex, nativity and unmet healthcare needs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis identified four distinct dental care use trajectories (1): Intermittent decreasing dental care use (37.9%), (2) intermittent increasing dental care use (22.5%), (3) high dental care use (22.5%) and (4) low dental care use (17.0%). Non-Hispanic black and Hispanic respondents were more likely than non-Hispanic white respondents to belong to low dental care use and intermittent decreasing dental care use groups relative to high dental care use. Additionally, non-Hispanic black respondents were more likely than non-Hispanic white respondents to belong to the Intermittent Increasing Dental Use group. Higher socioeconomic status was inversely associated with low and intermittent use group membership. Males and those with unmet healthcare needs at Wave I were also more likely to belong to trajectories with low and intermittent dental care use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings reveal persistent racial disparities in dental care use from adolescence into adulthood. Further research is needed to understand the individual and structural factors perpetuating racial disparities in dental care use over the life course.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"404-409"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of family childhood adversity on risk of violence and involvement with police in adolescence: findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.","authors":"Nicholas Kofi Adjei, Kenisha Russell Jonsson, Jones Opoku-Ware, Sanni Yaya, Yanhua Chen, Davara Bennett, Ruth McGovern, Luke Munford, Michelle Black, David Taylor-Robinson","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-223168","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-223168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood adversities, such as exposure to parental mental illness, domestic violence and abuse, substance use, and family poverty, have been linked to involvement in violence in early adulthood. However, evidence on the cumulative impact of multiple adversities throughout childhood on violence and crime in adolescence remains scarce. This study investigates the associations between trajectories of family adversity and poverty during childhood, and the risk of involvement in violence and contact with police in adolescence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used longitudinal data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study on 9316 children. Exposure trajectories of family adversities and poverty were characterised (from ages 0-14 years) using group-based multi-trajectory models. The outcomes were weapon involvement, for example, carrying a knife, and police contact measured at age 17 years. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (OR, 95% CI) and population attributable fractions were estimated using logistic regression models, adjusting for confounding factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of weapon involvement and contact with police at age 17 years were 6.1% and 20.0%, respectively. Compared with children who experienced low poverty and family adversity throughout childhood, those exposed to persistent poverty and poor parental mental health were at notably increased risk of carrying weapons (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.2, 95% CI 1.3 to 3.6) and reporting contact with police (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.6 to 2.8). We estimate that about 32% of weapon involvement and 23% of contact with police at age 17 were attributable to persistent poverty and family adversity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exposure to poverty and poor parental mental health throughout childhood doubles the risk of weapon involvement and police contact in early adulthood. These findings emphasise the importance of lifecourse and anti-poverty approaches to reducing involvement in crime in the UK.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"459-465"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic factors and the risk of eye diseases in an elderly Danish population.","authors":"Marie Ørskov, Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski, Torben Bjerregaard Larsen, Toke Bek, Flemming Skjøth, Henrik Vorum","doi":"10.1136/jech-2024-223341","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2024-223341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to study the association between socioeconomic factors and risk of prevalent eye diseases, including glaucoma, cataract and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in an elderly Danish population.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study was a nationwide cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>The included subjects were extracted from Danish nationwide health registers, and the association between socioeconomic factors and prevalent eye diseases was assessed by estimating the incidence rate and the cumulative incidence. The differences between the investigated groups were quantified using the Cox proportional hazard model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on a 10-year follow-up period, the highest levels of education and household income were associated with higher rates and risks of glaucoma compared with the lowest and middle levels. This results in absolute risks ranging from 3.2% (3.1%-3.3%) in both the lowest educational and income group to 4.0% (3.9-4.1%) and 3.8% (3.8-3.9%) in the highest educational and income group, respectively. For cataract, the middle and lowest educational and income levels were associated with increased rates and risks, which were statistically significant compared with the highest levels. The risk of cataract ranged from 6.5% (6.4%-6.7%) to 8.1% (8.0%-8.2%) and 6.0% (5.9%-6.1%) to 8.7% (8.5%-8.8%) in the highest to the lowest educational and income group, respectively. For RVO, the event rate was low, showing no statistically significant differences. The risk of RVO remained constant in all investigated socioeconomic groups, with a risk of 0.3% (0.3%-0.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that socioeconomic factors, such as education and household income, are associated with the diagnosis glaucoma and cataract. Incorporating socioeconomic considerations into public health initiatives may enhance the management of eye diseases and improve information and awareness about these conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"431-436"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143371137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term effects of urban renewal on health and health inequalities: the Neighbourhoods Law in Barcelona, Spain.","authors":"Roshanak Mehdipanah, Katherine Pérez, Laia Palència, Gregory Bushman, Justin Heinze, Carme Borrell","doi":"10.1136/jech-2023-221453","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jech-2023-221453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Few studies exist examining the long-term effects of urban renewal programmes on health. The purpose of this study is to examine the long-term effects of an urban renewal programme on the health and health inequality outcomes of residents living in the neighbourhoods intervened in Barcelona city by the Neighbourhoods Law (NL), while comparing them to a comparison group of non-intervention neighbourhoods with similar socioeconomic status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Barcelona Health Survey was used for studying changes in self-rated health, mental health, hypertension and meeting walking requirements set by the WHO in pre (2006) and post (2016) years of neighbourhoods intervened by the NL and a group of comparison neighbourhoods with similar socioeconomic characteristics. We used logistic regression models to examine pre-post differences in health outcomes within intervention or comparison neighbourhoods. A difference-in-difference regression was used to assess the overtime impact of the NL intervention on the health outcomes compared with the comparison groups. All models were adjusted by the highest education level attained and age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the intervention neighbourhoods, self-rated health improved for manual workers, hypertension dropped in men and more women met the walking requirements compared with similar groups in the comparison neighbourhoods. Across all groups, mental health worsened.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study is among the first to examine the long-term effects of urban renewal programmes. Although there exist complexities in studying these long-term effects, they are critical to ensure urban renewal programmes continue to improve health and reduce inequality among residents.</p>","PeriodicalId":54839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"324-331"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}