Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law最新文献_第7页

How the Trump Administration's Pandemic Health Care Response Failed Racial Health Equity: Case Studies of Structural Racism and a Call for Equity Mindfulness in Federal Health Policy Making. 特朗普政府的流行病医疗应对如何未能实现种族健康平等:结构性种族主义的案例研究和呼吁联邦卫生政策制定中的公平意识。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9155963

Sara Rosenbaum, Morgan Handley, Rebecca Morris, Maria Casoni

{"title":"How the Trump Administration's Pandemic Health Care Response Failed Racial Health Equity: Case Studies of Structural Racism and a Call for Equity Mindfulness in Federal Health Policy Making.","authors":"Sara Rosenbaum, Morgan Handley, Rebecca Morris, Maria Casoni","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9155963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9155963","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The racial health equity implications of the Trump administration's response to the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We focus on four key health care policy decisions made by the administration in response to the public health emergency: rejecting a special Marketplace enrollment period, failing to use its full powers to enhance state Medicaid emergency options, refusing to suspend the public charge rule, and failing to target provider relief funds to providers serving the uninsured.Findings: In each case, the administration's policy choices intensified, rather than mitigated, racial health inequality. Its choices had a disproportionate adverse impact on minority populations and patients who are more likely to depend on public programs, be poor, experience pandemic-related job loss, lack insurance, rely on health care safety net providers, and be exposed to public charge sanctions.Conclusions: Ending structural racism in health care and promoting racial health care equity demands an equity-mindful approach to the pursuit of policies that enhance-rather than undermine-health care accessibility and effectiveness and resources for the poorest communities and the providers that serve them.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25525698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Introduction: Investigating Dimensions of Pandemic Inequity Requires a Multidisciplinary Approach. 前言:调查流行病不平等的各个方面需要多学科的方法。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9155949

Sarah E Gollust, Julia Lynch

{"title":"Introduction: Investigating Dimensions of Pandemic Inequity Requires a Multidisciplinary Approach.","authors":"Sarah E Gollust, Julia Lynch","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9155949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9155949","url":null,"abstract":"When the coronavirus emerged in the United States in early 2020, reassuring early platitudes suggested that “we are all in this together” and “COVID-19 is an equal opportunity killer” (see, e.g., Blow 2020; Reuters 2020). These platitudes quickly became exposed as such, however, as evidence demonstrating the unequal reach and consequences of the pandemic accumulated. Data on the epidemiologic impact—combined with the everyday experiences of the most affected groups in the United States—continue to reinforce the reality that this pandemic is inequitable in almost every imaginable dimension. According to March 2021 data from the Color of Coronavirus project, the highest overall rates of death are among Indigenous Americans (256 deaths per 100,000), followed by Black Americans (180 deaths per 100,000); once accounting for age, Pacific Islanders and Latinos have the highest mortality rates (APM 2021). Coronavirus-related concern is also unequally distributed by race, with only 17% of white respondents to a Pew survey in late 2020 saying they were very concerned about getting COVID-19, while 37% of Hispanic and 36% of Black respondents reported the same (Pew 2020). Furthermore, 71% of Black respondents in the same poll reported they knew someone who had been hospitalized or died as a result of COVID-19, compared to 49% of white respondents (Pew 2020). Higher viral exposure through high-risk workplaces (e.g., meatpacking), living in crowded housing conditions (including long-term care and carceral settings), and inability to work from home—combined with heightened vulnerability to more serious illness because of chronic conditions borne from compounded risks of structural","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25515838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Treatment of Disability under Crisis Standards of Care: An Empirical and Normative Analysis of Change over Time during COVID-19. 危机护理标准下的残疾治疗:COVID-19期间随时间变化的实证和规范分析

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9156005

Ari Ne'eman, Michael Ashley Stein, Zackary D Berger, Doron Dorfman

{"title":"The Treatment of Disability under Crisis Standards of Care: An Empirical and Normative Analysis of Change over Time during COVID-19.","authors":"Ari Ne'eman, Michael Ashley Stein, Zackary D Berger, Doron Dorfman","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9156005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9156005","url":null,"abstract":"Context: COVID-19 has prompted debates between bioethicists and disability activists about Crisis Standards of Care plans (CSCs), triage protocols determining the allocation of scarce lifesaving care.Methods: We examine CSCs in 35 states and code how they approach disability, comparing states that have revised their plans over time to those that have not. We offer ethical and legal analyses evaluating to what extent changes to state policy aligned with disability rights law and ethics during the early pandemic and subsequently as stakeholder engagement grew.Findings: While disability rights views were not well represented in CSCs that were not updated or updated early in the pandemic, states that revised their plans later in the pandemic were more aligned with advocate priorities. However, many CSCs continue to include concerning provisions, especially the reliance on long-term survival, which implicates considerations of both disability rights and racial justice.Conclusions: The disability rights movement's successes in influencing state triage policy should inform future CSCs and set the stage for further work on how stakeholders influence bioethics policy debates. We offer thoughts for examining bioethics policy making reflecting the processes by which activists seek policy change and the tension policy makers face between expert delegation and mediating values conflicts.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8957387/pdf/nihms-1714204.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25518739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Americans' View of the Impact of COVID-19: Perspectives on Racial Impacts and Equity. 美国人对COVID-19影响的看法:种族影响和公平的观点。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9156033

Katherine Carman, Anita Chandra, Carolyn Miller, Christopher Nelson, Jhacova Williams

{"title":"Americans' View of the Impact of COVID-19: Perspectives on Racial Impacts and Equity.","authors":"Katherine Carman, Anita Chandra, Carolyn Miller, Christopher Nelson, Jhacova Williams","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9156033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9156033","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disparate effect on African Americans and Latinos. But it is unknown how aware the public is of these differences and how the pandemic has changed perceptions of equity and access to health care.Methods: We use panel data from nationally representative surveys fielded to the same respondents in 2018 and 2020 to assess views and changes in views over time.Findings: We found that awareness of inequity is highest among Non-Hispanic Black respondents and higher-income and higher-educated groups, and there have been only small changes in perceptions of inequity over time. However, there have been significant changes in views of the government's obligation to ensure access to health care.Conclusions: Even in the face of a deadly pandemic, one that has killed disproportionately more African Americans and Latinos, many in the United States continue not to recognize that there are inequities in access to health care and the impact of COVID-19 on certain groups. But policies to address inequity may be shifting. We will continue to follow these respondents to see whether changes in attitudes endure over time or dissipate.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25515214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

A Draconian Law: Examining the Navigation of Coalition Politics and Policy Reform by Health Provider Associations in Karnataka, India. 严厉的法律:检查印度卡纳塔克邦卫生服务提供者协会的联盟政治和政策改革的导航。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-8970895

Arima Mishra, Maya Annie Elias, Veena Sriram

{"title":"A Draconian Law: Examining the Navigation of Coalition Politics and Policy Reform by Health Provider Associations in Karnataka, India.","authors":"Arima Mishra, Maya Annie Elias, Veena Sriram","doi":"10.1215/03616878-8970895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-8970895","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive picture of provider coalitions in health policy making remains incomplete because of the lack of empirically driven insights from low- and middle-income countries. The authors examined the politics of provider coalitions in the health sector in Karnataka, India, by investigating policy processes between 2016 and 2018 for developing amendments to the Karnataka Private Medical Establishments Act. Through this case, they explore how provider associations function, coalesce, and compete and the implications of their actions on policy outcomes. They conducted in-depth interviews, document analysis, and nonparticipant observations of two conferences organized by associations. They found that provider associations played a major role in drafting the amendments and negotiating competing interests within and between doctors and hospital associations. Despite the fragmentation, the associations came together to reinterpret the intentions of the amendments as being against the interests of the profession, culminating in a statewide protest and strike. Despite this show of strength, provider associations only secured modest modifications. This case demonstrates the complex and unpredictable influence of provider associations in health policy processes in India. The authors' analysis highlights the importance of further empirical study on the influence of professional and trade associations across a range of health policy cases in low- and middle-income countries.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38857670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Introduction to "Recontextualizing Physician Associations: Revisiting Context, Scope, Methodology". “重新语境化医师协会:重新审视语境，范围，方法”的介绍。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-8970852

Sorcha A Brophy, Veena Sriram

引用次数: 2

Between the Waves: Building Power for a Public Option. 海浪之间:建立公共选择的权力。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-8970739

Jacob S Hacker

{"title":"Between the Waves: Building Power for a Public Option.","authors":"Jacob S Hacker","doi":"10.1215/03616878-8970739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-8970739","url":null,"abstract":"Given the close division of power in Washington, DC, how might health reformers pursue their bolder aims? In particular, how might they pursue the robust public option that was a centerpiece of Joe Biden's health plan during the campaign? This new iteration of the public option-far more ambitious than anything seriously considered during the debate over the ACA-is not in the cards right now. But instead of giving up on it, advocates should recast it in an inspiring vision that can structure immediate initiatives designed to make its achievement more feasible. This strategy, which might be called \"building power through policy,\" would involve using the openings for policy change that are likely to exist in the near term to reshape the political landscape for the long term. Three interim steps in particular could advance the public option's prospects: (1) pursuing immediate improvements in the ACA that are tangible and traceable yet do not work against the eventual creation of a public option, (2) building the necessary foundations for a public option within Medicare while encouraging progressive states to experiment with state public plan models, and (3) seeding and strengthening movements to press for more fundamental reform.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38778914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Introduction: Health Policy and the Biden Administration. 导言:卫生政策和拜登政府。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-8970725

Jonathan Oberlander

{"title":"Introduction: Health Policy and the Biden Administration.","authors":"Jonathan Oberlander","doi":"10.1215/03616878-8970725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-8970725","url":null,"abstract":"Joe Biden takes office as president of the United States in the midst of a global pandemic, immense economic and social dislocation, recurrent reminders of racial injustice, acrimonious partisan divisions, and disquieting threats to American democracy. After the tumult of the Trump years, Biden will try to restore normalcy to Washington. But he comes to the presidency at a time that is anything but normal, with myriad challenges that will immediately confront his administration. Health policy will be central to the new administration. As Biden takes office, the staggering case count and death toll from COVID-19 continue to mount. The administration must figure out how to ramp up an unprecedented program of mass vaccination against COVID-19 while encouraging the maintenance of social distancing and other public health measures in a nation that is politically divided and fatigued by the pandemic. It also needs to develop a coordinated national COVID-19 strategy that overcomes the fragmentation of American federalism. And it must prepare for the next pandemic. Yet the COVID-19 public health emergency is only one issue on the administration’s health policy agenda. The pandemic has once again exposed the cavernous holes in America’s byzantine, illogical, expensive, and inequitable health insurance arrangements. The uninsured population is on the rise again, driven upward by Trump administration policies that eroded access to insurance and the economic fallout of COVID-19 that buffeted employer-sponsored insurance. The Affordable Care Act (ACA), now more than a decade old, is sorely in need of repairs to make insurance","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38792040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stabilizing and Strengthening the Affordable Care Act: Opportunities for a New Administration. 稳定和加强《平价医疗法案》:新政府的机遇。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-8970753

Stacey McMorrow

{"title":"Stabilizing and Strengthening the Affordable Care Act: Opportunities for a New Administration.","authors":"Stacey McMorrow","doi":"10.1215/03616878-8970753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-8970753","url":null,"abstract":"For the past decade, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has successfully reduced uninsurance and improved access to and affordability of health care services for millions of Americans. But the law was weakened when the Trump administration shortened the open enrollment period in the federal Marketplace, reduced outreach and enrollment funding, and revised the public charge rule, among other actions. The Biden administration will have the chance to reverse some of these changes and further strengthen the law to improve health care access and affordability. In this article, the author explores options for expanding access to affordable coverage and care for those who do not qualify for Medicaid or marketplace financial assistance and further discusses opportunities for increasing enrollment among those who are already eligible. The author also examines opportunities for expanding access to specific services, including reproductive health care, among those with insurance. Any attempts to modify or build on the ACA will likely be complicated by the ongoing coronavirus pandemic as well as slim Democratic majorities in the House and Senate, but regulatory solutions will likely be easier to achieve than those that require changes to federal law or state policy.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38786796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Policy Responses to the Addiction Crisis. 对成瘾危机的政策回应。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-8970796

Richard G Frank, Keith N Humphreys, Harold A Pollack

引用次数: 5