Journal of Hospital Infection最新文献

{"title":"Trends of Surgical Site Infection and Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty in Two National Health Registers 2013 - 2022.","authors":"Øystein Espeland Karlsen, Håvard Dale, Ove Furnes, Hanne-Merete Eriksen-Volle, Marianne Westberg","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess trends in surgical site infection (SSI), reoperations for SSI, and reoperations for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in Norway from 2013 to 2022. Two national health registers were used to compare their abilities as surveillance tools for PJI after primary THA. There has been a corresponding decline in SSI and reoperation for PJI between 2013 and 2022. A 95% completeness of 30-days reoperation for PJI in the patient-consent based Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, compared to the mandatory Norwegian Surveillance System for Healthcare Associated Infections is considered excellent. The findings indicate a genuine reduction in SSI and PJI incidence after primary THA.</p>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscope-associated outbreak of OXA-181-carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and its implications for hygiene management","authors":"J. Haak ,&nbsp;I. Klempien ,&nbsp;J.B. Hans ,&nbsp;S. Schaefer ,&nbsp;K. Meyer-Bothling ,&nbsp;S. Gatermann ,&nbsp;E.E. Dirks ,&nbsp;K. Konrat ,&nbsp;M. Arvand","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To report the epidemiologic, microbiologic and genetic investigation of a large outbreak of carbapenem-resistant <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> associated with gastrointestinal endoscopy, including infection control interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Internal and external audits of reprocessing procedure, systematic microbiological examination of reprocessed endoscopes, replacement of old endoscopes, investigation of channels of a dismantled endoscope, disinfectant efficacy testing on the outbreak strain's biofilm, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>In the early phase of the outbreak, the outbreak strain was detected in 19 patients, 16 (84%) of whom had undergone gastrointestinal endoscopy. The strain was also isolated from a reprocessed endoscope. WGS confirmed clonal relatedness of isolates and suggested transmission between patients via contaminated endoscopes. The reprocessing was audited, old endoscopes were replaced with new ones, and systematic microbiological examination of new endoscopes was introduced. In the follow-up, the outbreak strain was isolated from a new endoscope after reprocessing. Repeat audit revealed residual moisture in endoscope channels after reprocessing. Inspection of a dismantled endoscope revealed debris and scratches in channels. Disinfectant efficacy testing revealed tolerance of the outbreak strain's biofilm to peracetic acid. The outbreak strain was isolated from 32 patients and two reprocessed endoscopes. WGS suggested patient-to-patient as route of transmission in the outbreak's later phase.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A multi-stage strategy was required to contain this outbreak. Microscopic analysis showed evidence of biofilm formation in endoscope channels and the outbreak strain's biofilm showed tolerance to the disinfectant used for reprocessing. Our data underscores the need for continued vigilance in infection control practices and reprocessing protocols for endoscopes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 19-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis of risk factors for infection by multi-drug-resistant organisms in intensive care unit patients","authors":"Q. Ye ,&nbsp;X. Chen ,&nbsp;J. Zhang ,&nbsp;J. Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patients with infection by multi-drug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are often complicated, difficult to cure, require advanced antimicrobial drugs for treatment, and are susceptible to bacterial colonization. This places a heavy economic burden on patients, which can even lead to death, and also increases the economic burden on healthcare services.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>We aimed to systematically assess the risk factors for infection by MDROs in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were queried from database inception to 21^st September 2023, for literature on risk factors for MDRO infection in patients in the ICU. Two researchers independently performed the screening, data extraction, and quality assessment of the retrieved articles. Data were statistically analysed using Stata 16.0.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>This meta-analysis included 29 articles involving 18,063 patients, of whom 2955 had contracted MDRO infections. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, history of hospitalization within the previous year, abnormal liver function, history of MDRO infection, injury severity score, length of ICU stay, nasogastric tube, parenteral nutrition, colonization pressure, multiple traumas, mechanical ventilation, tracheostomy, central venous catheter, previous antibiotic treatment, immunosuppressive agents, piperacillin-tazobactam, multi-antibiotic treatment, glycopeptide antibiotics, carbapenems, imipenem, and nitroimidazoles were risk factors for MDRO infection in patients in the ICU.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The ICU is a high-risk area for MDRO infection. Healthcare professionals should adopt prevention and control measures based on these risk factors to reduce the occurrence of MDRO infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of ultraviolet light disinfection on reducing hospital-associated infections: a systematic review in healthcare environments","authors":"A. Maugeri ,&nbsp;B. Casini ,&nbsp;E. Esposito ,&nbsp;S. Bracaloni ,&nbsp;M. Scarpaci ,&nbsp;F. Patanè ,&nbsp;G. Milazzo ,&nbsp;A. Agodi ,&nbsp;M. Barchitta","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hospital-associated infections (HAIs) are a significant burden on healthcare systems. Ultraviolet light (UVL) disinfection has emerged as a potential method for reducing HAIs by decontaminating healthcare environments.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To evaluate the effectiveness of UVL in reducing HAIs across various hospital settings.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, with searches performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus through July 2023. Peer-reviewed observational and experimental studies assessing UVL's impact on HAIs were included. Data extraction focused on study characteristics, UVL type, and infection outcomes. Studies focusing on environmental contamination or lacking sufficient data were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. UVL types included ultraviolet-C (UV-C), pulsed xenon UV (PX-UV), and unspecified UVL. For PX-UV, several studies reported reductions in infection rates, with some showing up to a 70% decrease in <em>Clostridioides difficile</em> infection rates, especially in high-risk areas such as intensive care units, though results vary across settings, with some studies not observing significant improvements. UV-C disinfection has also been found to reduce HAIs, with its effectiveness varying based on the healthcare setting and targeted pathogens, and it is most effective when used in conjunction with other infection control strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>UVL disinfection technologies have demonstrated potential in reducing HAIs, particularly when integrated into a comprehensive infection prevention strategy. Their effectiveness, however, varies by application, pathogen type, and healthcare setting. Further research is needed to optimize UVL implementation and assess its cost-effectiveness in diverse clinical environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"159 ","pages":"Pages 32-41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tools and strategies for monitoring hospital environmental hygiene services","authors":"S. Gastaldi ,&nbsp;D. Accorgi ,&nbsp;F. D'Ancona","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The hospital environment is a significant source of healthcare-associated infections, necessitating effective cleaning practices to mitigate risks. Various tools, including fluorescent markers, ATP assays, microbiological methods, and direct observation, are used for monitoring, but their comparative effectiveness remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To identify and assess different monitoring approaches to inform evidence-based recommendations for healthcare facilities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This scoping review followed Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and PRISMA-ScR standards. Literature from 2000 to 2024 was sourced from PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, focusing on tools for monitoring hospital cleaning services. Twenty studies were included and analysed using a standardized data extraction framework.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Fluorescent markers and ATP assays were practical for routine monitoring and training but had limitations in detecting microbial contamination. Microbiological methods provided accurate contamination data but were resource intensive. Direct observation identified gaps in staff compliance but was subject to observer bias. Studies reported variability in standards, cleaning durations, and resource allocation, with limited data on full-time equivalents. Digital technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things, offer potential for real-time monitoring and optimization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A combination of visual inspection, ATP assays, and microbiological methods is recommended for effective monitoring. Collaborative efforts are needed to establish global standards, incorporating emerging technologies to address resource disparities and improve environmental hygiene practices, ultimately enhancing patient safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"159 ","pages":"Pages 52-61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenic bacteria rapidly colonize sinks of a neonatal intensive care unit: results of a prospective surveillance study","authors":"J.M. Low ,&nbsp;K.K.K. Ko ,&nbsp;R.T.H. Ong ,&nbsp;P.Y. Hon ,&nbsp;K. Niduvaje ,&nbsp;X. Wang ,&nbsp;P.A. Tambyah ,&nbsp;S. Vasoo ,&nbsp;Y.P.M. Ng ,&nbsp;Z. Amin","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hospital sinks are known to harbour bacteria with the potential to infect patients.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To examine bacterial growth in the sinks of a newly constructed neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during the transition from an established NICU within the same facility.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a prospective study of pathogenic bacterial growth in NICU handwashing sinks before and after the new NICU was occupied. Samples from various sink traps were cultured longitudinally, and comparison was made between the established NICU and the new NICU.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Potentially pathogenic bacteria colonized sinks rapidly in the new NICU within 1 month of occupation. During the study period, between 29^th June 2021 and 2^nd September 2022, 62 samples were collected from 11 sinks, of which 43 (69.4%) tested positive. The mean semi-quantitative bacterial growth score was notably higher in the sink in the milk preparation room compared with the sinks in the patient care area in the new NICU (40.67 vs 1.768; <em>P=</em>0.025). The bacterial profiles in the sink in the new NICU milk preparation room mirrored that of the established NICU, with a predominance of <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> and <em>Enterobacter cloacae</em> complex. In handwashing sinks of both the established NICU and the new NICU, the dominant colonizing pathogen was <em>Burkholderia cepacia</em> complex, followed by <em>Serratia marcescens</em> and <em>Elizabethkingia</em> spp. Cessation of sink use reduced the bioburden of bacteria significantly in the NICU handwashing sink drains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Handwashing sinks were colonized rapidly with pathogenic bacteria in a newly constructed NICU. More diversified and prolific growth of pathogenic bacteria was noted in the sink in the milk preparation room.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"159 ","pages":"Pages 71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effectiveness of a vancomycin stewardship programme in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit","authors":"M. Tas ,&nbsp;E. Onal ,&nbsp;A. Tapisiz ,&nbsp;S. Bas ,&nbsp;I.M. Hirfanoglu ,&nbsp;H. Tezer ,&nbsp;C. Turkyilmaz ,&nbsp;E. Ergenekon ,&nbsp;E. Koc","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite recommendations to limit the use of vancomycin for known resistant infections, it remains one of the most commonly prescribed antibiotics in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). One of the most effective approaches to reducing unnecessary antibiotic exposure is through the implementation of antibiotic stewardship programmes (ASPs).</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ASPs in reducing the use of vancomycin in neonates hospitalized in our NICU.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was a quasi-experimental single-centre study for a quality improvement (QI) initiative. Interventions were implemented to limit the use of vancomycin, including education of the neonatal intensive care team, standardization of vancomycin therapy, and prospective audit and feedback. The pre-intervention period was compared with the post-intervention period.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The initiation of vancomycin decreased from 166 times in the pre-intervention period to 71 times after stewardship implementations, representing a 57.2% reduction. Total vancomycin days of therapy per 1000 patient days gradually declined from 113 to 45 (60.2%) (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001) during the study period. There was an increase in the Gram-positive growth in the culture of patients who were started on vancomycin (<em>P</em>=0.04). The number of patients receiving two or more courses of vancomycin treatment decreased by 85.7% (<em>P</em>=0.03).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study has demonstrated that implementing effective multi-disciplinary strategies can significantly reduce vancomycin exposure in the NICU. The application of ASP practices and management in the NICU is essential and achievable, without any increase in the duration of hospitalization or mortality rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental colistin resistance at a medium-size hospital in Southern Brazil","authors":"R.L. de Lima Bastos ,&nbsp;G. Fernandes de Brum ,&nbsp;B.M. dos Santos ,&nbsp;R.S. Moreira ,&nbsp;K.A. Bär ,&nbsp;M. Rodrigues Bicca ,&nbsp;B.S. Vizzotto","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2024.10.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2024.10.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"156 ","pages":"Pages 123-124"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial efficacy of an experimental UV-C robot in controlled conditions and in a real hospital scenario","authors":"B. Casini ,&nbsp;M. Scarpaci ,&nbsp;F. Chiovelli ,&nbsp;S. Leonetti ,&nbsp;A.L. Costa ,&nbsp;M. Baroni ,&nbsp;M. Petrillo ,&nbsp;F. Cavallo","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Among no-touch automated disinfection devices, ultraviolet-C (UV-C) radiation has been proven to be one of the most effective against a broad spectrum of micro-organisms causing healthcare-associated infections.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of an experimental UV-C robotic platform, under controlled conditions and in a real hospital scenario, when used to implement the standard cleaning operating protocol (SOP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>In vitro</em>, following dose calibration tests, bactericidal and virucidal efficacy were tested in accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials International Standard E3135-18. In hospital settings, 12 high-touch surfaces were sampled after healthcare activity (dirty condition), after SOP alone, and after SOP + UV-C treatment, with a total of 180 samples.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div><em>In vitro</em>, &lt;4 mJ/cm² was required to remove <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> completely, 194 mJ/cm² was required to inactivate adenovirus HadV5 completely, and 38.8 mJ/cm² was sufficient to inactivate coronavirus 229E completely. In the real hospital scenario, the mean UV-C dose emitted on the sampled surfaces was 29.31 mJ/cm². A significant difference was found after SOP alone (<em>P</em>=0.022) and after SOP + UV-C treatment (<em>P</em>=0.007) compared with the dirty condition. The average percentage reduction in the total viable count (TVC) was 67% after SOP alone and 96% after SOP + UV-C treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Comparison of the tests conducted <em>in vitro</em> and in the real hospital scenario showed that the efficacy of the UV-C robot was reduced in the hospital setting, as a higher dose was needed to obtain a reduction in the TVC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"156 ","pages":"Pages 72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Candida auris in Dutch hospitals: are we ready for it?","authors":"L.M.L. Dix ,&nbsp;D.W. Notermans ,&nbsp;C. Schneeberger ,&nbsp;K. van Dijk","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Candida auris</em> can cause nosocomial outbreaks and provides challenges concerning diagnosis, treatment, eradication and infection prevention. There are no Dutch standards or guidelines for <em>C. auris,</em> and current hospital practices are unknown. Therefore, we assessed whether Dutch hospitals are prepared for <em>C. auris</em> introduction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online questionnaire concerning screening, diagnostics, infection prevention and outbreaks was distributed amongst medical microbiologists and infection prevention practitioners in spring 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Fifty-two questionnaires were processed comprising 58 hospitals. Most participants (60%) did not screen for <em>C. auris</em> carriership and 51% did not have a protocol describing screening procedures. Healthcare workers were rarely screened. Screening sites and number of swabs varied. All respondents would place a patient with <em>C. auris</em> in isolation, 71% had a protocol describing isolation measures. Most hospitals took extra cleaning precautions after finding <em>C. auris</em>. None of the hospitals ever had a <em>C. auris-</em>outbreak, 29% had an outbreak protocol. Procedures to cease isolation were present in 31%, but 10% never declare a patient <em>C. auris</em>-free. A diagnostic protocol (available in 53%) was primarily based on culture, but the execution differed. Molecular diagnostics were rarely used (12%). The majority did not screen nor did they have a protocol describing multi-drug-resistant candida outbreak coordination.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Screening, diagnostics, infection prevention, control and outbreak management of <em>C. auris</em> vary amongst Dutch hospitals, and most are not fully prepared for <em>C. auris</em>. As inadequate preparation for <em>C. auris</em> is an international concern, guidance documents could aid in fulfilling this need.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"156 ","pages":"Pages 106-112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}