Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues最新文献

{"title":"Genotoxicity of pure compounds and commercial formulations of the maize herbicides mesotrione and s-metolachlor in <i>Vicia faba</i> L.","authors":"Larissa Fonseca Andrade-Vieira, Sylvie Cotelle","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2502965","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2502965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbicides containing the active components mesotrione and S-metolachlor persist in the environment and adversely affect non-target organisms. Therefore, it was of interest to examine the toxicological risk associated with these compounds. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of the active pure compounds mesotrione and S-metolachlor and their respective commercial formulations as evidenced by MN bioassays utilizing <i>Vicia faba</i> L. (broad bean) as a model. The experiments followed the 48-hr protocol of ISO 29200. Dilutions of the active components and their commercial formulations, ranging from 1.56 to 50 mg/L, were tested. Hoagland's solution was used as a negative control, and maleic hydrazide as a positive control. A decrease in mitotic index (MI) was observed with the pure compounds, where mesotrione significantly reduced the frequency of cell division at concentrations >12.5 mg/L, and S-metolachlor initiated a significant fall at only the highest concentration (50 mg/L). In addition, the MN frequency was markedly increased at treatments of 3.125 mg/L mesotrione and 6.25 to 25 mg/L S-metolachlor. However, herbicide treatments with the commercial formulation containing the same concentrations of active compounds did not significantly damage plant DNA. Taken together, the findings demonstrated that in commercial formulations, the combined effects of the pure compounds and solvents or other substances included in the product might occur and consequently interfere with the genotoxic potential of the active compounds. Although the cytotoxicity was of the same order of magnitude for both S-metolachlor and mesotrione, mesotrione alone appears to be more genotoxic than S-metolachlor.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"774-786"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the quantitative toxicological relationship between PFAS alkyl fluorine structure and exposure levels leading to changes in blood-based clinical markers in rats.","authors":"Andrew J Prussia, Eugene Demchuk","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2520427","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2520427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic pollutants, many of which exhibit low <i>in vivo</i> clearance rates. The long-chain PFAS (≥6 perfluorinated carbons), due to low clearance rates, are often perceived to exert a higher toll on human health than short-chain PFAS. However, a comprehensive toxicological and epidemiological comparison of long- and short-chain PFAS is overdue, leaving significant data gaps and limitations. For the first time, this study investigated the quantitative relationship between overall PFAS fluorine structure (C-F bond), which includes the alkyl chain length as one component, and PFAS doses that trigger changes in rat blood-based clinical markers. Fifteen markers published by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) after 28-day exposure to 7 PFAS with both long- and short-chain perfluorinated alkyl structures were examined. The aim of this study was to (1) determine PFAS doses that trigger changes in the marker levels for hepatic, renal, cardiovascular, and metabolic systems and (2) use these doses in multiple linear regression models to examine relationship to variables describing PFAS chemical structures. Our findings showed a log-linear dependence of alterations in marker levels on PFAS fluorine structure, as measured in the number of alkyl carbon-fluorine (C-F) bonds. Each C-F bond affected the marker effect levels by 0.45 ± 0.01 mmol/kg-day. The variety of studied clinical markers suggests that PFAS exposures led to deviations in multiple biological pathways in the rat animal model, which may inform future research and regulatory decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"981-996"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12382308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative assessment of the genotoxic effects of the neurotoxin saxitoxin produced by the freshwater cyanobacterium <i>Raphidiopsis raciborskii</i>.","authors":"Cynthia Silva Porta, Ana Paula de Souza, Felipe Umpierre Conter, Jaqueline Nascimento Picada, Juliana da Silva, João Sarkis Yunes, Daniel Rodrigo Marinowic, Rafael Rodrigues Dihl","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2509761","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2509761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Saxitoxin (STX), a potent neurotoxin produced by cyanobacteria, has not been comprehensively investigated with respect to genotoxic potential, especially in freshwater environments. This study aimed to characterize the genotoxic potential of STX obtained from <i>Raphidiopsis</i>. <i>raciborskii</i> cultures using <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> approaches. Mutagenic potential was determined through the Ames test with <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> strains TA98, TA100, and TA102. DNA damage and chromosomal instability were assessed in human glioblastoma U87-MG cells using the comet and cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-Cyt) assay, respectively. In addition, systems biology tools were applied to explore STX interactions with genes involved in DNA damage response pathways. Data demonstrated no marked mutagenic activity in the Ames test across tested concentrations (0.625-10 µg/L). However, significant DNA damage and increased micronucleus (MN) formation were observed at 2.5, 5, or 10 µg/L in U87-MG cells, without accompanying cytotoxicity. <i>In silico</i> analysis identified interactions between STX and key proteins, including P53, CDK5, and GSK3B, indicating pathways related to DNA damage, cell cycle regulation, and neurogenesis. These findings suggest that STX from freshwater cyanobacteria might induce genotoxic effects at environmentally relevant concentrations. The integration of <i>in vitro</i> and computational data supports the need for regulatory monitoring of STX in drinking water and emphasizes the relevance of neural cell-based models in assessing cyanotoxin-related adverse risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"843-854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual synergetic approach for targeting dysfunctional cells based on rare-earth-doped forsterite nanoparticles.","authors":"Rúbia Young Sun Zampiva, Claudir Gabriel Kaufmann, Altevir Rossato Viana, Cristiano Rodrigo Bohn Rhoden, Luciana Maria Fontanari Krause, Carlos Jacinto, Sergio Roberto Mortari, Marco Rossi, Carlos Pérez Bergmann, Annelise Kopp Alves","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2511139","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2511139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, forsterite (Fo, Mg₂SiO₄) has emerged as a promising biomaterial for bone tissue engineering scaffolds, demonstrating efficacy in inhibiting the growth of clinical bacterial isolates. In addition, rare-earth (RE) doped Fo exhibits excitation properties that match the near-infrared (NIR) biological transparency window (700-1800 nm), facilitating deep penetration into biological tissues. Despite these advantageous properties, data on the toxicity of RE-doped forsterite is lacking, and effects on damaged or dysfunctional cells, such as cancer cells, are not known. The aim of this study was to examine the toxicity of RE-doped forsterite nanoparticles (NPs) in cultures of healthy and tumor skin cells. Specifically, forsterite doped with Er³⁺, Yb³⁺, and a combination of Er³⁺/Yb³⁺, produced via reverse strike coprecipitation (RSC), was employed in cytotoxicity assays. The influence of solution pH on the toxicity response was also investigated. Data demonstrated that all NPs exhibited biocompatibility with HaCaT keratinocytes, while melanoma B16-F10 cells showed increased cell death. Photoluminescence (PL) analyses found that Fo:Yb displayed enhanced blue emission under 980 nm excitation, whereas Fo:Er/Yb exhibited green and red emissions. Data suggest that combining alkalinization effect of forsterite with the up-conversion (UC) photoactivity of NPs might serve as a dual-attack system for <i>in situ</i> oncological treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"855-872"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of knockdown LncRNA SNHG1 on autophagic function in SH-SY5Y cells: a model of Alzheimer's disease (AD).","authors":"Xiao-Xu Li, Xu-Sheng Yan, Chun-Jie Zhang, Yi-Chi Zhang, Xiao-Jing Su, He Zhang, Jin Yang, Yi-Long Zhang, Zhi-Ying Zhao","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2474634","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2474634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer 's disease, a neurodegenerative disease, is considered a serious global type of dementia affecting predominantly elderly associated with progressive memory loss. Alzheimer 's disease exhibits typical pathological manifestations including neuronal loss, β-amyloid deposition, and tau protein neurofibrillary tangles. Significantly increased expression of long-non -coding transcript RNA, LncRNA SNHG1, was detected in the brain of AD patients. However, it is not clear whether knockdown of LncRNA SNHG1 might improve autophagy function in SH-SY5Y cells and reduce the number of apoptotic cells. The aim of this study was to (1) examine the role of LncRNA SNHG1 on autophagic function of SH-SY5Y cells following induction by Aβ1-42 and (2) elucidate the underlying mechanisms. SH-SY5Y cells were transfected with lentiviral vectors to construct a cell line with stable genetic ability to knock down LncRNA SNHG1 and compared to control empty vector cell line. Following induction with Aβ1-42 for 24 hr, an AD cell model was constructed. Downregulation with LncRNA SNHG1 significantly increased cell viability and lowered the number of apoptotic cells. Concomitantly downregulation of the expression of LncRNA SNHG1 in SH-SY5Y cells induced significant decrease in expression of p-tau and caspase3 associated with elevated expression of Beclin1 and AMBRA1. Our results showed that knockdown of LncRNA SNHG1 in SH-SY5Y cells reduced the number of apoptotic cells by enhancing expression of Beclin1 and AMBRA1. Data suggest that by knocking down the expression of LncRNA SNHG1 may be considered a potential target for compounds to treat AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"647-655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of acute oral toxicity to rats, genotoxicity to mice, and toxicity to non-vertebrate animals attributed to <i>Vochysia divergens</i> stem bark extract exposure.","authors":"Wanderson Zuza Cosme, Letícia Pereira Pimenta, Ana Cláudia Oliveira Vilas Boas, Pedro Henrique Oliveira Dos Santos, Nathália Oliveira Acésio, Maria Júlia Teles Garcia, Maria Isabela Figueiredo, Ivani Souza Mello, Marcos Antônio Soares, Marcio Luís Andrade E Silva, Wilson Roberto Cunha, Patrícia Mendonça Pauletti, Denise Crispim Tavares, Ana Helena Januário","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2483218","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2483218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Vochysia divergens</i> (Vochysiaceae), present in the flooded fields of Pantanal in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, is traditionally used to treat infections. However, studies on the toxicological safety of using the stem bark of this vegetable are lacking. This study aimed to investigate acute oral toxicity using rats, genotoxicity utilizing mice, and toxicity to non-vertebrate animals, the insect <i>Galleria mellonella</i> and the nematode <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> following exposure to <i>V. divergens</i> stem bark ethanolic extract (VDSE). In addition, phytochemical analyses were performed using HPLC-PDA, and the total triterpene content in VDSE was determined. At 2000 mg/kg, VDSE did not induce acute toxicity. In mice treated with different VDSE doses (500, 1000, or 2000 mg/kg), no chromosomal damages or altered ratios of polychromatic erythrocytes to total erythrocytes were noted. VDSE also did not induce toxicity to <i>G. mellonela and C. elegans</i> as evidenced by 100% survival. The extract contained a total triterpene content of 780 mg g (39%). Since VDSE exerts a beneficial role in treating infections, it is essential to determine the risks associated with consuming these plant species to establish safety. Consequently, the present results expand knowledge regarding VDSE chemical quality control and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"656-666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel chemical constituents identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and biological activities attributed to extracts from three species of <i>Mimosa</i>.","authors":"Rodrigo Ferreira Santiago, Mariana Helena Chaves, João Paulo da Silva Gomes, Gerardo Magela Vieira Júnior, José Delano Barreto Marinho Filho, Ana Jérsia Araujo, Stéphanie Aguiar de Negreiros Matos Silva, Chistiane Mendes Feitosa, Pedro Vitor Oliveira Silva Furtado, Maria Do Carmo Gomes Lustosa, Mahendra Rai","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2496460","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2496460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Mimosa</i> (Fabaceae), includes approximately 540 species, some of which are popularly known as \"Jurema\" and are extensively used in traditional medicine. This study aimed to identify the chemical constituents and examine the antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and cytotoxic activities of ethanolic extracts obtained from the stem bark of <i>Mimosa pteridifolia</i>, <i>M. tenuiflora</i>, and <i>M. verrucosa</i>. Plant materials were subjected to ethanol extraction, followed by (ultra performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) analysis and qualitative phytochemical screening. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH radical assay, while total phenol and flavonoid contents were quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum trichloride (AlCl₃) complexation methods, respectively. Anticholinesterase activity was determined using the Ellman method, and cytotoxicity by the MTT method utilizing human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HCT-116), human breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231), and non-tumor mouse fibroblast (L929) cell lines. After analysis of the extracts, 14 compounds, including indole and a new phytoindole alkaloid (10), tannins, proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, and triterpene saponins were identified. While all extracts demonstrated significant antioxidant and anticholinesterase properties. <i>M. tenuiflora</i> exhibited the highest total phenol content (570.06   ±   5.7 GAE/g) while all extracts contained low flavonoid content. Further, <i>M. tenuiflora</i> exhibited the strongest effects (EC₅₀ = 76.87   ±   1.41 μg/ml for antioxidant and IC₅₀ = 2.35 mg/ml for anticholinesterase activity). Importantly, none of the extracts demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against the tested cell lines, indicating non-toxicity to non-cancer cells. Data demonstrated a greater understanding of the chemical composition of three <i>Mimosa</i> species and indicates potential anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities, particularly extracts of <i>M. tenuiflora</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"710-726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Artemisia herba alba</i>: HPLC analysis, ADMET predictions, and anti-inflammatory Activity in chronic colitis model.","authors":"Hicham Wahnou, Martin Ndayambaje, Nouhaila Sabiri, Zaynab Ouadghiri, Oumaima Chgari, Asmae Mazti, Soufyane Hba, Youness Limami, Mounia Oudghiri","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2516045","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2516045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), particularly colitis, remain a major health burden due to the limitations of current therapies, including adverse effects and diminishing efficacy. <i>Artemisia herba-alba (A. herba-alba)</i>, a medicinal plant traditionally used in North Africa and the Middle East, holds promise as a natural anti-inflammatory agent. However, the efficacy of <i>A. herba-alba</i> against chronic colitis is underexplored. The aim of this study was to undertake a comprehensive investigation combining phytochemical analysis, ADMET predictions, toxicity assessment, and <i>in vivo</i> evaluation. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detected 5 major bioactive compounds: nicotinic acid, gallic acid, rutin, catechin, and caffeic acid. ADMET profiling using SwissADME, ADMET-AI, and ProTox-II indicated favorable pharmacokinetic properties and low predicted toxicity (LD₅₀ >2000 mg/kg). A 30-day subchronic toxicity study in mice treated with up to 1000 mg/kg of extract confirmed its safety, with no mortality, behavioral changes, or organ abnormalities. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in a carrageenan-induced subchronic colitis murine model. Oral administration of <i>A. herba-alba</i> extract (500 mg/kg) significantly alleviated colitis, preserving colon length and improving mucosal architecture. Histological analysis revealed reduced crypt damage and inflammatory cell infiltration. Taken together, these results confirm the favorable safety profile and beneficial therapeutic potential of <i>A. herba-alba</i>, supporting its development as a multi-targeted, natural treatment for chronic colitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"906-919"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of GABA-rich rice bran fermented by <i>Lactobacillus fermentum</i> on breast cancer cell growth.","authors":"Dai-Hung Ngo, Nguyen Thi Nhat Hang, Ha Nhu Mai Nguyen, Quoc Tuan Tran, Dai-Nghiep Ngo, Thanh-Sang Vo","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2517303","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2517303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-protein amino acid widely distributed in several natural products, exhibits potential for regulation of various cancers. The aim of this study was to examine the suppressive effect of GABA-containing product (GCP) derived from <i>Lactobacillus fermentum</i>-fermented rice bran on MCF-7 cell breast cancer cells. The MTT assay was used to measure cytotoxicity following exposure to GCP. Further, qPCR analysis was utilized for assessment of target gene expression, while flow cytometry was employed for determination of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Data demonstrated that GCP significantly suppressed migration of MCF-7 breast cancer cells at a non-cytotoxic concentration of 400 µg/ml. In addition, GCP downregulated the gene and protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 in these cells. Notably, treatment of GCP produced cell cycle arrest in phase of G2/M and induced an early apoptotic process via upregulation of caspase-8, -9, and Bax expression. Evidence indicates that GCP may be considered as a promising food ingredient for management of breast cancer metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"935-945"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of exposure to ambient air fine particulate matter pollution on mortality among children aged under five in Taiwan.","authors":"Shang-Shyue Tsai, Chih-Cheng Chen, Chun-Yuh Yang","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2521644","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2521644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to ambient fine air particulate matter (PM_2.5) pollution may pose an adverse health hazard risk to infants and children. The under-5 mortality rate serves as an estimate of probability that a child might die between birth and age of five following exposure. This rate has been used by the United Nations as a prime indicator of exposure when setting and evaluating sustainable development goals (SDGs). These particular SDGs targets were set to avoid preventable deaths in this age group. Few investigators examined the relationship between post-birth exposure to PM_2.5 and under-5 mortality. To examine this association, the mean annual PM_2.5 levels of 65 municipal districts were measured in Taiwan from 2013 to 2022 and then divided into tertiles. The under-5 mortality rates per 1000 live births included the following parameters PM_2.5 levels, urbanization, physician density, and mean annual household income. Weighted-multiple linear regression was used to compute the adjusted risk ratios (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Data demonstrated that children living in districts with the highest PM_2.5 levels to be at significantly increased risk of mortality at under-5, with adjusted RR (95% CI) calculated at 1.12 (1.02-1,23) for those residing in municipalities with mean PM_2.5 between 23.7 and 27.49 ug/m³ compared to those living in districts with the lowest PM_2.5 levels. An increase a 0.7% in under-5 child mortality per each 1 ug/m³ rise in PM_2.5, suggested long-term exposure to PM_2.5 enhances the risk of mortality under-5 children in Taiwan.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"997-1006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}