Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics最新文献

{"title":"A novel erosion/deposition model for Eulerian-Eulerian method and its application in simulating snow drifting on gable roofs","authors":"Xuanyi Zhou,&nbsp;Shan Ding,&nbsp;Tiange Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Eulerian-Eulerian method is commonly employed for simulating snow drifting on roofs in engineering, utilizing erosion/deposition models to address the particle-surface interaction. However, the existing erosion/deposition models are empirical, resulting in variations in determining the surface flux. Therefore, this study establishes a novel erosion/deposition model to improve the Eulerian-Eulerian method, and the method is applied to simulate snow drifting on gable roofs. The simulated snow transport rate falls within the range of the results derived from previously established formulas. A wind tunnel test was performed to predict snow redistribution on the roof, and the simulated results show general agreement with the experimental data. The method is further validated using field-measured data on snow redistribution on stepped flat roofs. The impacts of approaching wind velocity and roof span on snow drifting on gable roofs are discussed. Snow concentration increases as the wind velocity and roof span increase, and the maximum value occurs near the ridge. Higher approaching wind velocity and longer roof span both result in greater extents of erosion on the windward side and deposition on the leeward side. On large-span roofs, not only does snow deposition occur behind the ridge, but also snow erosion occurs near the leeward edge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106090"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The drag length is key to quantifying tree canopy drag","authors":"Dipanjan Majumdar ,&nbsp;Giulio Vita ,&nbsp;Rubina Ramponi ,&nbsp;Nina Glover ,&nbsp;Maarten van Reeuwijk","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of trees on urban flows are often determined in computational fluid dynamics simulations using a quadratic drag formulation based on the leaf-area density <span><math><mi>a</mi></math></span> and a volumetric drag coefficient <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span>. We develop an analytical model for the flow within a vegetation canopy and identify the drag length <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> as the key metric to describe the local tree drag, which represents the adjustment lengthscale for the mean velocity inside the canopy due to tree drag. A detailed literature survey suggests that the median <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> observed in field experiments is 21 m for trees and 0.7 m for low vegetation (crops). Total 168 large-eddy simulations are conducted to obtain a closed form of the analytical model which allows determining <span><math><mi>a</mi></math></span> and <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> from the wind-tunnel experiments that typically present the drag characteristics in terms of the classical drag coefficient <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and the aerodynamic porosity α<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. We show that geometric scaling of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> is the appropriate scaling of trees in wind tunnels. Evaluation of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> for numerical simulations and wind-tunnel experiments (assuming geometric scaling <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>:</mo><mn>100</mn></mrow></math></span>) in literature shows that the median <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> in both these cases is about 5 m, suggesting a potential overestimation of vegetative drag.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation analysis of dust deposition characteristics and effects on parabolic trough solar collector","authors":"Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianjin Tian ,&nbsp;Benli Liu ,&nbsp;Hailong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenghui Wang ,&nbsp;Tao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Desert regions are abundant in solar radiation, making them excellent locations for constructing parabolic trough solar thermal power plants. Nevertheless, the characteristic windy and dusty conditions of these areas pose significant risks to the structural stability and operational efficiency of parabolic trough solar collectors. In this study, airflow dynamics and dust deposition around parabolic trough solar collectors are analyzed through three-dimensional numerical simulations. The study shows that when the inclination angle is 90° or less, the dust deposition rate peaks at 3.83 % at a 45° angle, averaging an increase of 6.06 % for dust particles sized between 1 and 50 μm. In contrast, when the inclination exceeds 90°, the deposition rate curve becomes much flatter, with an average increase of only 0.93 %. Furthermore, the dust deposition rate on the collector's surface diminishes as wind speed increases, yet it escalates with increases in both wind angle and particle size. Correlation analysis indicates that the most significant factors influencing dust deposition, in descending order of impact, are particle size, wind angle, inclination angle, and wind speed, with correlation coefficients of 0.79, −0.16, 0.14 and −0.049, respectively. This study offers substantial support for the structural design and dust control measures in desert environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical flutter speed formulas for flexible structures considering all torsional-to-vertical frequency ratios","authors":"Zuopeng Wen ,&nbsp;Genshen Fang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Wang ,&nbsp;Yaojun Ge ,&nbsp;Shaopeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing a simple formula for predicting flutter speed has been a long-standing objective due to its high prediction efficiency and ability to clarify key influence mechanisms. Although Selberg's formula has been widely employed, its failure under close vertical and torsional frequency conditions has long been disturbing, especially as more engineering structures exhibit this feature, e.g., super-long-span bridges, cable-supported photovoltaic systems, and bundled conductors. Based on theoretical derivations, this study proposes simple practical formulas of flutter speed across the whole frequency ratio range and incorporates structural damping, with the validity examined through numerical examples under various parameters. The formulas comprise three parts: two formulas similar to Selberg's formula for vertical-branch flutter and torsional-branch flutter, and a minimum flutter speed formula for branch-switching flutter. Two frequency ratio formulas are provided to specify their boundaries, serving as the criteria of flutter type identification. The minimum flutter speed formula provides a lower-limit prediction across the whole frequency ratio range, making it practical for designing flutter-prone structures. The damping factor formulas enable easy quantification of both the amplification effect of structural damping on flutter speed and damping uncertainty impact in flutter analyses. The flutter speed sensitivity to damping of a close-frequency structure is much higher than that of a separated-frequency structure. Flutter patterns in different frequency ratio ranges are summarized for structural sections with various flutter derivatives, along with the criteria to predict whether flutter could occur. For the large air-to-structure mass ratio case, e.g., cable-supported photovoltaic systems, decreasing frequency ratio is a promising measure to control flutter. For the flutter-based energy harvesting system, the flutter speed is less sensitive to frequency ratio under high damping; the optimal frequency ratio for the lowest flutter speed increases with the equivalent damping and mass ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106085"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model-predictive-control method with disturbance estimation by equivalent-input-disturbance approach for wind-induced vibration","authors":"Kou Miyamoto ,&nbsp;Yuta Tomiyoshi ,&nbsp;Naoto Yoshida ,&nbsp;Satoshi Nakano ,&nbsp;Jinhua She","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a new active control system that combines the equivalent-input-disturbance (EID) and the model-predictive-control (MPC) methods. The MPC method predicts system responses and calculates an optimal control force. An accurate response prediction necessitates disturbance information. However, wind loads cannot be directly measured. This paper uses the EID approach to estimate the wind loads and combines it with the MPC method. The simulation results demonstrated that the EID approach significantly improves the control performance of the MPC method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106049"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on a novel wind gust generator based on an adaptive nozzle design","authors":"J.N. Wood,&nbsp;M. Breuer","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents a novel design of a wind gust generator based on an adaptive nozzle for wind tunnel applications and its experimental investigation. The key feature of this design is the movable upper wall of the nozzle, which adjusts the cross-section of the nozzle’s outlet. For this purpose, the upper contour of the nozzle is connected to a programmable and fast-moving tooth belt axis, enabling rapid changes in the nozzle geometry to generate reproducible horizontal wind gusts that develop along a flat ground plate. The experimental setup primarily relies on particle-image velocimetry as an optical measurement technique, supported by a constant-temperature anemometer and pressure taps at specific locations. The gusts are generated using a well-defined motion pattern of the movable nozzle, following a <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo><mo>cos</mo><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-type signal. A combination of velocity and surface pressure measurements is carried out, analyzing the gust development at various positions along the ground plate in streamwise direction. Both data sets are used to quantify the adaptive nozzle’s potential as an effective tool for wind gust generation, facilitating future studies on highly dynamic fluid–structure interactions under wind gust load. Additionally, the well-designed experiment is planned to serve as a valuable validation case for numerical methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106080"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of unexpected wind-induced vibration of an in-service cable-stayed bridge using vortex generators","authors":"Chaoqun Wang ,&nbsp;Haoyu Xu ,&nbsp;Zhiwen Huang ,&nbsp;Zhouquan Feng ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Xugang Hua ,&nbsp;Zhengqing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nine years after opening, a cable-stayed bridge with steel-concrete composite girder in China was found to experience unexpected large-amplitude wind-induced vibrations (WIV) under typical wind speeds (approximately 10 m/s). Aerodynamic configuration inspection and field measurement were conducted immediately to investigate the cause of it. Field measurement indicated that the structural damping of the bridge girder was as low as 0.2%–0.4%, differing significantly from the assumed values of the recognized design codes. The unexpected WIV, suspected to be vortex-induced vibration (VIV), was reproduced in wind tunnel tests on sectional models with scale ratios of 1:50 and 1:25, and the low structural damping was speculated to be the main cause of it. Also, aerodynamic solutions were further explored, as a result of which, vortex generators (VG) installed under the wind fairings were proposed, and the aerodynamic mechanism of them was investigated through computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Finally, VGs were installed on the actual bridge, and since then no further signs of unexpected WIV have been observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106079"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preface to the special issue of the 16th International Conference on Wind Engineering (ICWE16)","authors":"Gianni Bartoli (On behalf of the Guest Editors' Board),&nbsp;Claudio Mannini (On behalf of the Guest Editors' Board)","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106083"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-speed railway traffic safety assessment on a bridge over a V-shaped valley using conditional wind velocity fields","authors":"J.M. Olmos ,&nbsp;P.A. Montenegro ,&nbsp;V. Puchol ,&nbsp;J.A. del Valle ,&nbsp;R. Calçada ,&nbsp;M.Á. Astiz","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this researching work is to study railway traffic safety on an arch bridge over a V-shaped valley using realistic wind velocity fields, obtained from wind velocity records at the location of the bridge using conditional wind generation techniques. It is intended to check whether the operation rules that reduce the train speed in events of strong winds, are adequate in the case of an arch bridge such as the one studied. A model of non-linear dynamic interaction wind-train-track-bridge has been used. This model is divided into a FEM for the bridge, a multibody model for the train and a nonlinear model to reproduce the wheel-rail contact. The bridge FEM has been validated from bridge acceleration records obtained in events of strong winds. Four trains of three different types (conventional, articulated, and regular) have been studied. The results show that the operating rules that force the train to reduce speed with winds greater than 80 km/h of peak velocity or even to stop the train, are sufficiently conservative for all trains studied since only for peak wind velocity greater than 115 km/h trains studied could circulate unsafely.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106082"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on wind pressure of side-attached canopies atop buildings with setback","authors":"Yuan Jiang ,&nbsp;Yi Hui ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Hao Zhu ,&nbsp;Min Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rooftop canopies are prone to be damaged by wind. In this study, the wind load acting on side-attached canopies atop buildings with setback is studied based on wind tunnel experiments, considering the complex topology of medium- and low-rise buildings. Four different heights of the underneath building—6 m, 12 m, 18 m, and 24 m—and two setback heights—3 m and 6 m—are considered. The height of the canopy is fixed at 3 m, and wind pressures on both sides of the canopy are measured. The results show that the height of the building setback can significantly affect the wind pressure on the upper surface of the canopy, and blockage of the space between the canopy and roof has a strong effect on the wind pressure on the lower surface. The height of the underneath building is also a critical parameter for the wind load of the canopy. The non-Gaussianity of the canopy pressure data is examined, and the results show that different building setback heights may lead to quite different distribution characteristics. The maximum net wind pressures and total lift forces are also calculated and compared with wind load codes and the findings of previous studies, which may be helpful for the design of this type of canopy structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106081"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}