Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology最新文献

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Brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases: physiological insights from anti-aging protein Klotho. 脑老化和神经退行性疾病:抗衰老蛋白Klotho的生理学见解。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.26.015
Phuong Anh Do, Huu Son Nguyen, Seung-Kuy Cha
{"title":"Brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases: physiological insights from anti-aging protein Klotho.","authors":"Phuong Anh Do, Huu Son Nguyen, Seung-Kuy Cha","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.26.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.26.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain aging is accompanied by progressive disturbances in calcium signaling, mitochondrial function, redox balance, neuroimmune regulation, and barrier-fluid homeostasis, collectively increasing susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, identifying physiological regulators that stabilize these interconnected processes is central to understanding brain aging. Klotho, an antiaging protein initially characterized by its systemic roles in mineral metabolism and lifespan regulation, has emerged as a key modulator of cellular and tissue homeostasis across multiple organs, including the central nervous system. In the brain, Klotho is predominantly expressed in the choroid plexus and selectively in neuronal and oligodendroglial populations, positioning it at the interface of barrier physiology and neural function. Experimental studies have indicated that Klotho contributes to cerebrospinal fluid homeostasis, synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, myelination, and resistance to metabolic and oxidative stress. Rather than acting through disease-specific pathways, Klotho stabilizes the core physiological axes that govern neuronal resilience, including Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling, mitochondrial-redox homeostasis, neuroimmune balance, growth factor signaling, and barrier integrity. Consistent with these physiological roles, reduced Klotho availability is associated with cognitive decline and multiple neurodegenerative disorders. This review positions Klotho as a central determinant of cognitive reserve and neuro-resilience, providing a unifying physiological framework that links systemic homeostasis to brain aging and explains how disruption of Klotho signaling amplifies vulnerability to neurodegenerative disease, whereas its preservation supports lifelong brain integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nobiletin in the modified Yiqi Jianpi Decoction enhances the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells in colorectal cancer by regulating the TIMP1/CD274 axis. 益气健脾汤加味诺白素通过调节TIMP1/CD274轴增强结直肠癌CD8+ T细胞的抗肿瘤活性。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2026-04-29 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.25.342
Lan Luo, Fang Zhou, Zheng Liu
{"title":"Nobiletin in the modified Yiqi Jianpi Decoction enhances the antitumor activity of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in colorectal cancer by regulating the TIMP1/CD274 axis.","authors":"Lan Luo, Fang Zhou, Zheng Liu","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.25.342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.25.342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yiqi Jianpi Decoction (YJD) is a traditional Chinese medicinal formula with reported anticancer properties; however, its effects and regulatory mechanisms in colorectal cancer (CRC) are unclear. Active components and their targets in YJD were identified via the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) platform, and differentially expressed genes in CRC were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas to define the drug-target genes. Potential mechanisms of YJD in CRC were explored through protein-protein interaction network and GO/KEGG enrichment analyses. An <i>in vitro</i> cell model was established: Transwell invasion, wound-healing, and flow-cytometry assays were used to monitor CRC cell viability, while carboxifluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester assay and lactate dehydrogenase release assay assessed CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell activation. TCMSP screening results showed that the compound Nobiletin (NOB) in YJD interacted with the CRC-related gene TIMP1. <i>In vitro</i> experiments demonstrated that TIMP1 expression levels were positively correlated with CD274 and dampened the cytotoxic effect of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells against CRC. NOB, by binding to TIMP1, inhibited CD274 expression, enhanced CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell activity and proliferation, and thereby boosted their cytotoxic effects on CRC cells. The compound NOB in YJD can enhance the cytotoxicity of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells against CRC by targeting the TIMP1/CD274 axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Paraoxonase 2 as a target for aging-related diseases. 对氧磷酶2作为衰老相关疾病的靶点。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2026-04-29 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.25.354
Hyeong Hwan Kim, Ye Jin Kang, Jae Ho Lee, Hyeong Min Lee, Hyung Soon Park, Chang-Hoon Nam
{"title":"Paraoxonase 2 as a target for aging-related diseases.","authors":"Hyeong Hwan Kim, Ye Jin Kang, Jae Ho Lee, Hyeong Min Lee, Hyung Soon Park, Chang-Hoon Nam","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.25.354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.25.354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paraoxonase 2 (PON2) is an enzyme exhibiting both lactonase and esterase activities, widely distributed across various tissues and localized within cellular mitochondria. It plays a vital role in innate immunity by restricting bacterial infections and has diverse functions, including the regulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels and the management of endoplasmic reticulum stress. By alleviating oxidative stress, stabilizing mitochondria, and modulating apoptosis, PON2 emerges as a significant factor in the study of cellular senescence. This review consolidates recent findings regarding PON2's physiological roles, its mechanistic connections to senescence, and the therapeutic potential of modulating its activity. Our analysis highlights PON2's considerable promise as a target for aging-related diseases, including neurodegeneration, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammation, and cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transcriptome screening and functional validation of FN1 in the regulation of granulosa cell proliferation in polycystic ovary syndrome. FN1在多囊卵巢综合征颗粒细胞增殖调控中的转录组筛选及功能验证。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.25.418
Kan Zhou, Wenquan Han, Qijie Wang, Yu Zhang, Jiao Wang
{"title":"Transcriptome screening and functional validation of FN1 in the regulation of granulosa cell proliferation in polycystic ovary syndrome.","authors":"Kan Zhou, Wenquan Han, Qijie Wang, Yu Zhang, Jiao Wang","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.25.418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.25.418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 11%-13% of reproductive-age women worldwide and is pathologically associated with granulosa cell dysfunction. This study employed transcriptome sequencing of granulosa cells from PCOS patients and non-PCOS controls, followed by Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Key differentially expressed genes were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Transcriptome analysis identified 157 upregulated and 71 downregulated mRNAs in PCOS granulosa cells, with enrichment in PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and TGF-beta signaling pathways. Six genes-NPTX2, FN1, CCN1, IDH1, ZCCHC17, and CREG1-were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Protein-protein interaction network analysis identified FN1 as a central hub gene. FN1 knockdown in KGN cells suppressed proliferation, induced apoptosis, and caused G1 phase arrest, accompanied by reduced Akt phosphorylation and altered expression of cyclin D1, p21, and p27. These findings suggest a potential association between FN1 and granulosa cell proliferative dysregulation in PCOS, warranting validation in primary cells and <i>in vivo</i> models.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fecal microbiota transplantation alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by improving mitochondrial function. 粪便菌群移植通过改善线粒体功能减轻脓毒症引起的急性肺损伤。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.25.304
Mei-Tong Wang, Dan Wang, Yu-Peng Qi, Qun Chen, Xue-Mei Qin, Tong Wang, Wei-Hua Lu, Ying-Ya Cao
{"title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by improving mitochondrial function.","authors":"Mei-Tong Wang, Dan Wang, Yu-Peng Qi, Qun Chen, Xue-Mei Qin, Tong Wang, Wei-Hua Lu, Ying-Ya Cao","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.25.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.25.304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains a critical clinical challenge with limited therapeutic options. This study investigated the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in a murine model of sepsis-induced ALI. 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed that FMT rescued sepsis-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, restoring microbial diversity and composition. The results demonstrated that FMT significantly improved survival, attenuated pulmonary pathological damage and edema, and reduced systemic and pulmonary levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β). Furthermore, FMT preserved alveolar-capillary barrier integrity, as evidenced by reduced vascular permeability and upregulated expression levels of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin). Mechanistically, FMT ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction in lung tissue, as evidenced by the restoration of oxidative phosphorylation capacity, increased ATP production, reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species accumulation, and decreased mitochondrial DNA release. These improvements were associated with a rebalancing of mitochondrial dynamics, characterized by increased expression levels of fusion proteins (OPA1, Mfn1, and Mfn2) and decreased expression of a fission protein (Drp1). Our findings highlight the gut-lung axis as a therapeutic target in sepsis and demonstrate that FMT alleviates sepsis-induced ALI by restoring gut microbiota homeostasis and subsequently preserving mitochondrial function. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these preclinical findings and explore optimal FMT protocols for critical care applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147700402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Osteogenic, antiresorptive, and toxicological evaluation of alpha-mangostin in MC3T3-E1 cells and medaka fish. α -山竹苷在MC3T3-E1细胞和medaka鱼中的成骨、抗吸收和毒理学评价。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2026-04-14 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.25.370
Ut Dong Thach, Huy Manh Nguyen, Van Oanh Nguyen, Chau Phi Dinh, Thi Thuy Trang Le, Thi Ngoc Tram Le, Ngoc Mai Do, Thi Nhung Duong, Thi Bich Pham, Duc Long Tran, Thanh Thuy To
{"title":"Osteogenic, antiresorptive, and toxicological evaluation of alpha-mangostin in MC3T3-E1 cells and medaka fish.","authors":"Ut Dong Thach, Huy Manh Nguyen, Van Oanh Nguyen, Chau Phi Dinh, Thi Thuy Trang Le, Thi Ngoc Tram Le, Ngoc Mai Do, Thi Nhung Duong, Thi Bich Pham, Duc Long Tran, Thanh Thuy To","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.25.370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.25.370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoporosis, characterized by excessive bone resorption, requires new therapeutic agents with high efficacy and favorable safety profiles. In this study, we isolated alpha-mangostin (aMG) from the peel of <i>Garcinia mangostana</i> L. and investigated its osteogenic, antiresorptive, and toxicological activities. The osteogenic effects were evaluated <i>in vitro</i> using MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells, whereas acute toxicity and bone-protective activity were assessed <i>in vivo</i> using medaka fish (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>) . In MC3T3-E1 cells, aMG promoted osteogenic differentiation by enhancing proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis, and mineralization at 1 and 10 μM, whereas cytotoxicity was observed at 100 and 1,000 μM. In medaka embryos and larvae, aMG induced acute toxicity with LC<sub>50</sub> values (concentrations causing 50% mortality) of 91.27 and 3.44 μM, and EC<sub>50</sub> values (concentrations causing 50% of developmental abnormalities) of 103.66 and 3.3 μM, respectively, leading to tail deformities, hemorrhage, and reduced hatching and heart rates. At sub-toxic concentrations (0.25-1 μM), aMG significantly attenuated Rankl-induced bone loss in the neural arches of osteoporotic medaka larvae. Collectively, this study provides the first evidence of the dual osteogenic and antiresorptive actions of aMG, along with its toxicity profile, highlighting its potential as a plant-derived anti-osteoporosis agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The influence of exercise duration on inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in ischemic stroke rats. 运动时间对缺血性脑卒中大鼠内质网应激抑制的影响。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2026-04-14 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.25.312
Jin Yoo, Eunjae Jang, Jinsu Hwang, Dohee Kim, Jiyun Choi, Sujeong Jang, Han-Seong Jeong, Daeyeol Kim
{"title":"The influence of exercise duration on inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in ischemic stroke rats.","authors":"Jin Yoo, Eunjae Jang, Jinsu Hwang, Dohee Kim, Jiyun Choi, Sujeong Jang, Han-Seong Jeong, Daeyeol Kim","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.25.312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.25.312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic stroke, one of the world's leading fatal diseases, has a high incidence and recurrence, leading to severe mortality and disability. In this study, we investigated whether treadmill exercise is an important treatment to prevent recurrence and improve functional impairment following an ischemic stroke. Experimental cerebral ischemia by occluding the middle cerebral artery was induced in rats, and the effect of 10- or 30-min training for two weeks was evaluated. To assess for motor function improvement, behavioral tests including the elevated body swing test were conducted. The expressions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis markers were investigated by Western blotting analysis and immunohistochemistry. In both exercise groups (10 and 30 min), motor function improved compared to the non-exercise group. TTC staining demonstrated that the brain infarct volume also decreased after exercise. Further examination of the signaling pathway showed that the expression of ER stress-related proteins, such as IRE1-α, JNK, ERK, and p38 MAPK, decreased significantly in the exercise groups. The pro-apoptotic genes (Bax and pro-caspase3) of the apoptosis signaling mechanism, also decreased in the exercise groups. Interestingly, the level of neuronal markers (NeuN, SYP, and NFH) increased in the exercise groups. Our results suggest that exercise has a beneficial effect following ischemic stroke. In particular, exercise used in short- or long-term training could regulate the signaling mechanisms, such as ER stress, apoptosis, and neuronal cell death protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling by curcumin: a novel approach to mitigate synovial fibrosis in knee osteoarthritis. 姜黄素抑制PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号传导:缓解膝骨关节炎滑膜纤维化的新方法
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2026-03-16 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.25.289
Chenglong He, Lei Shi, Licheng Zhang, Rui Jiang, Deren Liu, Taiyang Liao, Peng Wu, Jun Mao
{"title":"Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling by curcumin: a novel approach to mitigate synovial fibrosis in knee osteoarthritis.","authors":"Chenglong He, Lei Shi, Licheng Zhang, Rui Jiang, Deren Liu, Taiyang Liao, Peng Wu, Jun Mao","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.25.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.25.289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Curcumin (CUR) is used in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA), but its effects on synovial fibrosis and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. <i>In vivo</i>, a rat KOA model was established via anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), followed by CUR administration. Synovial fibrosis, autophagy, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway were assessed. <i>In vitro</i>, TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were treated with CUR. Fibrosis markers, autophagy activity, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway proteins were analyzed. CUR alleviated synovial fibrosis in ACLT-induced rats. In FLSs, CUR reduced TGF-β1-stimulated fibrosis, suppressed PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, and enhanced autophagy. <i>In vivo</i> results confirmed CUR inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR and activated autophagy. CUR attenuated synovial fibrosis by activating protective autophagy via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, elucidating a novel anti-fibrotic mechanism for KOA therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147464304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Astragalus polysaccharide mitigates the airway inflammation in bronchial asthma by regulating Hedgehog/NLRP3/GSDMD pathway. 黄芪多糖通过调节Hedgehog/NLRP3/GSDMD通路减轻支气管哮喘气道炎症。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2026-03-16 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.25.391
Lili Yu, Zibin Liu, Rui Zhang, Jian Lai
{"title":"Astragalus polysaccharide mitigates the airway inflammation in bronchial asthma by regulating Hedgehog/NLRP3/GSDMD pathway.","authors":"Lili Yu, Zibin Liu, Rui Zhang, Jian Lai","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.25.391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.25.391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma is a significant allergic condition affecting the respiratory system. Numerous compounds extracted from traditional Chinese herbal medicine show potential benefits for treating airway inflammation associated with bronchial asthma. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), a class of major extracts from Astragalus membranaceus, exhibit many anti-inflammatory effects. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms of APS in asthma remain to be clarified. This study aims to assess the effect and the mechanism by which APS against asthma. The ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma mice were employed to assess the roles of APS <i>in vivo</i>. Lung tissues were used for H&E, PAS, and Masson staining. Inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and chemokines in both BALF and serum samples were determined by hemocytometer and ELISA. The expression of the Hedgehog/NLRP3/GSDMD pathway in lung tissues was measured by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. APS displayed lung-protective effects through decreasing airway inflammation and airway remodeling in OVA-induced asthma mice, which was demonstrated by decreasing the number of inflammatory cells and the cytokine levels in BALF and serum, and histopathological changes in lung tissues. Besides, APS treatment could decrease the expression of SHH, SMO, Gli1, Ptch1, NLRP3, GSDMD-N, ASC, Cleaved caspase-1, IL-18, IL-1β, CARMA3, BCL10, and MALT1 in lung tissues. APS improves clinical symptoms of OVA-induced bronchial asthma. The anti-asthmatic effects of APS may be related to the regulatory influences of the Hedgehog/NLRP3/GSDMD pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147464248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SMK-002 inhibits the growth of bladder cancer cells and increases their sensitivity to Osimertinib via enhancing epidermal growth factor receptor degradation. SMK-002通过促进表皮生长因子受体降解来抑制膀胱癌细胞的生长并增加其对奥西替尼的敏感性。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.25.071
Xiaochen Zhou, Yizhi Bu, Di Xiao, Duo Li, Xiaoping Yang
{"title":"SMK-002 inhibits the growth of bladder cancer cells and increases their sensitivity to Osimertinib <i>via</i> enhancing epidermal growth factor receptor degradation.","authors":"Xiaochen Zhou, Yizhi Bu, Di Xiao, Duo Li, Xiaoping Yang","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.25.071","DOIUrl":"10.4196/kjpp.25.071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>SMK-002, a novel derivative of proguanil, has higher inhibitory activity against cancer than proguanil. We previously found that SMK-002 significantly inhibited the proliferation of bladder cancer (BC) cells. In this study, we creatively found that the sensitivity of BC cells to SMK-002 was positively correlated with the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Mechanistically, SMK-002 specifically targeted EGFR and inhibited its binding to the deubiquitination protein USP11, facilitated the ubiquitination degradation of EGFR in lysosomes by post-translational modification. Further studies suggested that SMK-002 significantly inhibited the p-EGFR/p-c-Raf/p-ERK downstream pathway. Osimertinib, one commonly used representative of the clinically approved third-generation EGFR inhibitors, has been rarely reported to apply on BC. Furthermore, we found that SMK-002 synergized with Osimertinib further downregulated EGFR signal pathway and reduced growth of BC both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> without any detectable toxicities. Taken together, this study revealed that SMK-002 inhibited proliferation and migration of BC cells by promoting EGFR ubiquitination degradation in lysosomes. Moreover, SMK-002 synergized with Osimertinib and further inhibited the growth of BC cells both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, providing a novel strategy for the potential treatment of BC.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"85-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12954786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145671027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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