Landscape Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Wetland landscape transformation by beavers: responses of biodiversity and functional indicators at multiple scales.","authors":"Alan Law, Nigel J Willby, Tom Spencer, David Bryan, Garth N Foster, Lori Lawson Handley, Wenfei Liao, Graham S Sellers, Petri Nummi","doi":"10.1007/s10980-026-02303-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10980-026-02303-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Landscape-scale restoration is needed to reverse declines in biodiversity, but the ecological processes that sustain biodiversity by boosting heterogeneity are often overlooked. Large herbivores are important drivers of heterogeneity and are increasingly being used to restore lost dynamic processes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>With beaver populations recovering from a historic low, we test what their ecosystem engineering potential means for biodiversity and ecosystem functioning at multiple scales.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We quantified 10 taxonomic groups at sample, site and landscape scale via in-situ surveys (plants and water beetles) and eDNA sampling (invertebrate and vertebrates) from nine beaver-created wetlands and nine wetlands unmodified by beavers (control wetlands) in Evo, Finland.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Per taxonomic group, the mean and total number of taxa at sample and site-scale was mostly similar between wetland types, though significantly higher in beaver wetlands at sample (true flies) and site-scale (plants and true flies). 63% of all taxa were shared by beaver-created and control wetlands. However, both wetland types supported unique taxa with beaver wetlands increasing the landscape taxon pool by an average of 19% (range 0-40%), most notably for plants, beetles, true flies and may/stone/caddisflies. Plant functional diversity was 55% higher in beaver compared to control wetlands.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Beaver wetlands are integral to reinstating dynamic ecological processes that provide refugia for multiple taxonomic groups, supporting taxa otherwise absent from the landscape. Our findings hint at the scale of past biodiversity loss associated with beaver-dependent wetlands, while offering a glimpse of what could be gained from their ongoing population recovery.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10980-026-02303-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"41 6","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13190757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148018948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat fragmentation can either increase or decrease with habitat loss.","authors":"Amanda E Martin, Carmen Galán-Acedo, Federico Riva, Lenore Fahrig","doi":"10.1007/s10980-026-02345-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10980-026-02345-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>A key aspect of the fragmentation debate in conservation biology is whether fragmentation effects on biodiversity should capture the combined or separate effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, i.e., breaking apart of habitat into multiple patches. A common argument for treating loss and fragmentation as a single phenomenon is that human-caused habitat loss almost always leads to fragmentation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Here we assessed whether forest loss consistently results in fragmentation, at a global extent and across spatial scales commonly considered in landscape ecology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated how often forest loss resulted in a decrease versus increase in fragmentation for 150,000 randomly-selected forest locations. We delineated landscapes of six sizes (radii of 0.25 to 10 km) at each location. For the subset of landscapes that lost forest between 2000 and 2020, we estimated the change in fragmentation using four different measures of fragmentation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A decrease in forest fragmentation was a common outcome of forest loss. Across four measures of fragmentation, six landscape sizes, and all forested biomes, we found forests were more fragmented after forest loss 51% of the time and less fragmented 44% of the time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results show that the fact that fragmentation often results from habitat loss does not mean that fragmentation is the inevitable consequence of habitat loss. Effects of habitat loss on biodiversity often differ from those of fragmentation separate from habitat amount (fragmentation per se). Thus, understanding the effects of fragmentation per se on biodiversity is not only feasible, it is fundamental for developing effective habitat conservation plans to address biodiversity loss.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10980-026-02345-8.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"41 6","pages":"97"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148018972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tree cover loss and intensified land use simplify bat assemblages in Amazonian cacao agroforestry landscapes.","authors":"Pablo Aycart-Lazo, Luz Sánchez-Maldonado, Blanca Ivañez-Ballesteros, Carolina Ocampo-Ariza, Stefan Dullinger, Evert Thomas, Teja Tscharntke, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, Bea Maas","doi":"10.1007/s10980-026-02371-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10980-026-02371-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Agricultural expansion threatens biodiversity in Amazonian landscapes. Cacao agroforests can support multifunctional bat assemblages, which are sensitive to landscape-level agricultural intensification and may provide information for the development of land-use policies in the Amazon.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We assessed how landscape structure around cacao agroforests affected aerial insectivorous bats and phyllostomid bats (mainly frugivores) and how cropland expansion or reforestation may affect future bat diversity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recorded aerial insectivores and captured phyllostomids in 28 cacao agroforests in two neighboring regions in the Peruvian Amazon that differ in the proportion of remaining forest and intensified cropland, and analyzed their taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic responses to current and future landscape structure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Aerial insectivore activity (an abundance surrogate) and feeding buzzes (a foraging activity indicator) decreased with increasing cropland cover in the non-intensive region only, highlighting the higher vulnerability of these assemblages to cropland expansion. Aerial insectivore phylogenetic diversity, but not functional diversity, decreased with landscape tree cover loss in the non-intensive region. Lower tree cover resulted in higher abundances of dominant frugivores in both regions, while higher edge density was associated with more insect-eating phyllostomids. Frugivore abundance decreased with increasing cropland cover in the intensive region. Our results predicted fewer feeding buzzes and insect-eating phyllsotomids under ongoing deforestation, potentially impacting bat-mediated pest control. Deforestation may also reduce frugivore Simpson diversity in the non-intensive region.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Limiting monoculture expansion and restoring landscape tree cover could mitigate taxonomic and phylogenetic homogenization of bat assemblages and the loss of potential ecosystem functions in Amazonian agricultural areas.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10980-026-02371-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"41 7","pages":"115"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13314815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148363920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways to productivity: how functional ecosystem service flow determines crop yield in prairie landscape.","authors":"Ehsan Pashanejad, Brian E Robinson, Lael Parrott","doi":"10.1007/s10980-026-02333-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10980-026-02333-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Sustaining agricultural productivity while maintaining ecological integrity requires understanding the spatial dynamics of ecosystem services (ES). In the Canadian prairies-an intensively modified agricultural region-the degradation of natural habitats has impacted ES flows crucial for food security.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We investigated how landscape structure, acting as a structural proxy for potential internal ES flows, mediated by landscape structure, influence crop yield at the Soil Landscape of Canada (SLC) scale, an ecologically meaningful delineation based on natural features. Our primary objective was to determine the relative importance of landscape composition versus configuration in predicting agricultural productivity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a biophysical assessment of key ES (pollination, carbon storage, habitat quality, soil erosion control) for the year 2020. We quantified landscape composition and configuration metrics at the SLC scale to represent the structural potential for ES flow pathways. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to analyze the non-linear effects of these variables on a composite crop yield index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings reveal that landscape configuration-notably connectivity (positive linear effect) and crop diversity (complex non-linear effect)-significantly predicts crop yield, often exerting greater influence than the mere amount of natural habitat. A secondary analysis showed that yield in specific crops like canola, which depends on pollination, responded positively to natural habitat extent. The models explained a substantial portion of yield variance (Adjusted R² ≈ 0.66-0.67).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our analysis highlights that agricultural output is not solely a function of field-level inputs but is deeply embedded within, and responsive to the landscape matrix at SLC scale and the ecological processes it mediates. Strategically enhancing landscape cohesion and crop diversity may therefore offer greater yield benefits than focusing on increasing isolated natural habitat, guiding a shift towards spatially explicit, multifunctional landscape planning.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10980-026-02333-y.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"41 5","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking prey biomass and Neanderthal population in a challenging upland landscape in the Late Pleistocene: the upper valley of the Lozoya River (Spain).","authors":"Beatriz Trejo, Marco Vidal-Cordasco, Ana B Marín-Arroyo, Enrique Baquedano, Juan Luis Arsuaga, Theodoros Karampaglidis, Guillermo Rodríguez-Gómez","doi":"10.1007/s10980-026-02350-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10980-026-02350-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Context</i> The mountainous and seasonally variable landscapes of the Late Pleistocene period posed major challenges for hunter-gatherers, shaping their ecological strategies and demographic limits. In the central Iberian Peninsula, the landscape played a decisive role in shaping herbivore communities and human settlement patterns. While the Iberian Peninsula has a rich Paleolithic record, MIS 5 archaeological sites are scarce in its central region, which includes two plateaus and the Sistema Central mountain range. This area likely had unfavorable ecological conditions for human habitation during parts of the Pleistocene, so people were confined to valleys and localized ecological refuges. In this context, the upper valley of the Lozoya River in Madrid, Spain, is home to the Calvero de la Higuera sites, which provide evidence of Neanderthal occupation in a sub-Mediterranean highland environment; <i>Objetives</i> This study assesses how such a challenging landscape could sustain local Neanderthal populations through large prey resources; <i>Methods</i> Using species distribution models (SDMs) based on fossil occurrences and paleoclimatic data, we estimated the habitat favorability, population density, and biomass of nine large herbivorous mammals recorded at Cueva del Camino (Layer 05, ~ 90 ka); <i>Results</i> The SDMs revealed significant differences in habitat favorability among species, with <i>Cervus elaphus</i> exhibiting the greatest favorability and <i>Rupicapra pyrenaica</i> the least. Incorporating habitat favorability into biomass estimates significantly reduced the potential presence of prey, highlighting the spatial limitations of upland ecosystems. Comparisons with modern ecosystems (e.g., Serengeti, Kruger and Hwange) suggest that the results are ecologically feasible; <i>Conclusion</i> Our estimates suggest that the upper valley of the Lozoya River had the potential ecological capacity to support between 14 and 33 Neanderthal individuals. This highlights the delicate ecological balance that may have enabled recurrent Neanderthal presence in the challenging upland environments of central Iberia.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10980-026-02350-x.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"41 7","pages":"116"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13315265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148363917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape carbon trajectories after spruce budworm outbreaks in Canada's Eastern boreal forest: effects of salvage intensity and wood-use pathways.","authors":"A Ameray, D S Pureswaran, J Laganière, R W Buchkowski","doi":"10.1007/s10980-026-02376-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10980-026-02376-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Salvage biomass harvesting is increasingly recognized as a strategic approach to reduce emissions associated with spruce budworm (SBW) damage in eastern Canada by diverting biomass that would otherwise decompose in forests toward bioenergy and harvested wood products (HWP). However, its effects on overall system carbon dynamics remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We assessed how SBW-related salvage harvesting influences long-term (2010-2110) forest-sector carbon dynamics in the Côte-Nord region of Québec, Canada, considering net sector production (NSP), which is the sum of net carbon sequestration by ecosystem and HWP less operational emissions (harvesting, forwarding, transport, sawing, chipping, pelletization). This study evaluates the biophysical carbon balance and sector-level carbon dynamics of salvage harvesting, without accounting for substitution.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used the LANDIS-II model, its Forest Carbon Succession extension, and additional modules to simulate wind, fire, and SBW disturbances under multiple climate pathways. A no-additional-salvage reference (S0) was compared to increasing salvage areas (S1-S3) of dead snag stems. All additional salvaged biomass was directed to one of three pathways: bioenergy, sawnwood with a 35-year half-life, or sawnwood with a 60 year half-life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Salvage harvesting had minimal impact on ecosystem carbon pools but slightly reduced heterotrophic respiration by removing decomposing deadwood. The net carbon outcome depended strongly on product pathway: directing salvaged biomass to bioenergy resulted in immediate emissions and negative balance relative to the reference scenario; short-lived sawnwood (35-year half-life) increased HWP storage but accumulated decomposition emissions over time, also resulting in negative carbon balance; only long-lived sawnwood (60-year half-life) reduced total emissions sufficiently to approach/exceed carbon neutrality-and only under warmer climate scenarios (RCP4.5-RCP8.5) by late century. Operational emissions from harvesting, transport, and processing remained small relative to ecosystem and HWP carbon fluxes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the modeled system boundary (excluding substitution effects), the forest-sector carbon outcome of salvage harvesting depended strongly on target area, product type and their longevity; however, any benefits for reduced carbon emissions are likely to come from substitution effects unless warming dramatically increases decomposition and HWP have above-expected half-lives.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10980-026-02376-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"41 8","pages":"131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13421357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using GeoAI and machine learning tools for consistent high-resolution land cover mapping based on time-series NAIP imagery.","authors":"Jie Liu, Xusheng Tang, Chao Wang, Zhengxiao Yan, Yuchen Dai, Qi Zhang, Conghe Song","doi":"10.1007/s10980-026-02358-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10980-026-02358-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>High-resolution land-cover maps are essential for ecological monitoring and landscape-level analysis, yet long-term high-resolution time-series products remain scarce. The National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) provides highly valuable aerial imagery, but strong temporal heterogeneity across years, primarily caused by shifts in sensor characteristics, limits the ability to generate consistent multi-year land cover maps.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to (1) develop an algorithm capable of producing spatially detailed and temporally coherent 1-m land-cover maps using the state-of-the-art GeoAI/Machine Learning (ML) tools based on time-series NAIP imagery, and (2) address cross-year sensor characteristic shifts without relying on historical training samples.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We designed a dual-track adaptive workflow that applies different strategies to NAIP imagery with different qualities. NAIP imagery collected during 2009-2017 has a higher quality than that collected during 2004-2008. Images from the high-quality years were classified using a foundation model pretrained with U-Net/ResNet-34 and refined with a Segment Anything Model (SAM) for accurate boundary delineation. Images collected in the earlier years were reconstructed using an NLCD-based spatiotemporal bridging and label back-casting pipeline. Accuracy was evaluated across six U.S. counties in North Carolina and Pennsylvania.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The algorithm produced stable results across years, yielding overall accuracies of 0.887 (2014), 0.886 (2017), and 0.733 (2004) with Kappa statistics at 0.860, 0.831, and 0.764, respectively. Structure, Water, Wetland, and Cropland exhibited consistently high F1-scores, while performance in low-quality imagery remained coherent despite substantial sensor differences. These findings demonstrate that the algorithm maintains both spatial fidelity and temporal consistency across heterogeneous historical imagery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows using GeoAI/ML tools along with multiple sources of data can effectively produce consistent high-resolution multi-decade land-cover maps based on NAIP imagery. The approach developed in this study provides a scalable solution for generating high-resolution time series land-cover maps across the conterminous USA where NAIP imagery is available, supporting long-term land-change analyses and landscape-level planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"41 6","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13246944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating pollinator movement into connectivity models predicts pollen-mediated gene flow and highlights the importance of regenerating forests in tropical landscapes.","authors":"Kathryn E C Davis, Emil Sloth Thomassen, Helene H Wagner, Urs G Kormann, Adam S Hadley, Matthew G Betts, Felipe Torres-Vanegas","doi":"10.1007/s10980-026-02309-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10980-026-02309-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Pollen-mediated gene flow is crucial for ecological and evolutionary processes and understanding its disruption by anthropogenic disturbances is essential for conservation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study, we developed landscape connectivity metrics that incorporated hummingbird movement behaviour to assess how structural (amount and configuration) and functional (species-specific behavioural response) landscape connectivity influence pollen-mediated gene flow in a tropical plant species.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We adapted the incidence function model (IFM) to develop a set of functional landscape connectivity metrics that integrated field estimates of pollinator movement behaviour. We evaluated whether these metrics outperform structural landscape connectivity metrics for explaining contemporary pollen-mediated gene flow.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The performance of landscape connectivity metrics as predictors of contemporary pollen-mediated gene flow is scale dependent. At the focal patch scale, pollen-mediated gene flow was better predicted by structural connectivity metrics, specifically the area of contiguous mature forest. At the local landscape scale, pollen-mediated gene flow was better predicted by functional connectivity metrics that accounted for hummingbird movement, including gap-crossing probabilities. We found that including regenerating forests and narrow forest elements better explained pollen-mediated gene flow than a focus solely on mature forest.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By integrating hummingbird movement behaviour, we offer a more realistic and nuanced understanding of how landscapes influence pollen-mediated gene flow. We underscore the importance of accounting for pollinator movement behaviour in conservation strategies that aim to preserve pollen-mediated gene flow, and demonstrate that forest regeneration is critical for maintaining functional landscape connectivity in tropical fragmented landscapes.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10980-026-02309-y.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"41 3","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12971756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147437889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-lag in the interacting effects of habitat amount and fragmentation on genetic diversity in red squirrels (<i>Sciurus vulgaris</i>).","authors":"Danielle J Clake, Victorine Demiralp, Aurélie Coulon, Cécile H Albert","doi":"10.1007/s10980-026-02374-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10980-026-02374-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Genetic diversity is important for adaptation and persistence of populations. It is influenced by many scale-dependent factors including demographic history and interactions with surrounding landscape, including the availability of habitat.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aim to determine the independent and interactive effects of habitat amount and habitat fragmentation on red squirrel (<i>Sciurus vulgaris</i>) genetic diversity. We also assess the spatial and temporal scales at which habitat amount and fragmentation have the strongest impacts on genetic diversity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We deployed over 1100 hair tubes across five 16 × 16 km study areas in the south of France to gather red squirrel hair samples, and genotyped 443 individuals at 16 microsatellite loci. Using moving windows, we calculated the proportion and number of patches of forest habitat around sample locations across time periods from 1900 to 2019 and within distances between 4 and 18 km. We fit mixed-effects models correlating genetic diversity to these metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a significant positive interaction between the amount of forest habitat and the number of patches when modeling genetic diversity. We present evidence that genetic diversity is most closely related to landscape conditions roughly 40 generations (40 years) prior to sampling, and at broad spatial scales (12 km radius or larger).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our research provides additional insight into the effects of habitat fragmentation per se (i.e. independently of habitat amount) on biodiversity, in addition to the scales of effect. Understanding the scales at which habitat loss and fragmentation impact genetic diversity is important for predicting and mitigating future biodiversity impacts.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10980-026-02374-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"41 8","pages":"135"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13437599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148681099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional land use and land-use intensity effects on vertebrate biodiversity across Europe identified using species distribution models.","authors":"Sophie Jane Tudge, Adrienne Etard, Zoe M Harris, Adriana De Palma, Martin Jung","doi":"10.1007/s10980-026-02379-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10980-026-02379-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Land-use change and intensification are major drivers of biodiversity loss. However, estimates of the effects of land use and land-use intensity on biodiversity on broad spatial scales rarely account for species-specific responses across large areas, instead averaging effects on local assemblages. Current understanding of biodiversity effects on broad spatial scales is therefore limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the broad-scale effects of land use and land-use intensity on habitat suitability for cropland and forest vertebrates throughout their contemporary ranges in Europe. To summarise regional-scale effects on vertebrate biodiversity patterns in Europe by synthesising the effects on range-wide habitat suitability for individual species.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cropland and forest vertebrate occurrence records and geographic range estimates were combined with a European land-systems map. Species distribution models (SDMs) were used to estimate the effects of land use and land-use intensity on habitat suitability on a landscape scale throughout species' ranges. Linear coefficients were specified to keep models interpretable, avoid overfitting and facilitate the use of priors based on expert knowledge. Regional-scale effects were explored for species groups based on habitat preferences, taxonomic groups and range sizes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Land use and land-use intensity significantly affected cropland and forest vertebrate habitat suitability on a landscape scale across Europe. The effects of land use and land-use intensity on habitat suitability varied among species groups. Land‑use intensification and urbanisation disproportionately favoured more widespread species.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Landscape-scale land use and land-use intensity help shape regional biodiversity patterns across Europe via their influence on habitat suitability throughout species' contemporary ranges.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10980-026-02379-y.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"41 7","pages":"122"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13364868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148450543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}