Landscape Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Neglected puzzle pieces of urban green infrastructure: richness, cover, and composition of insect-pollinated plants in traffic-related green spaces","authors":"Oksana Skaldina, Annika Nylund, Satu Ramula","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01881-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01881-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>In cities, insect-pollinated vascular plants enhance environmental quality, support pollinators, and provide essential ecosystem services for citizens. However, floral communities associated with traffic-related green spaces are rarely considered valuable elements of urban green infrastructure (UGI).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>The main objective of this work was to assess if traffic-related green spaces in Finland possess species-rich floral communities and can assist urban ecological restoration—converting degraded areas into functionally diverse ecosystems. Thus, we evaluated richness, cover, and community composition of insect-pollinated plants (emphasizing flowering ones) on traffic islands, parking lots, and road verges.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The assessment was performed during the mean flowering phenophase of insect-pollinated plants in the European boreal zone (July and August) using a standard quadrat (1 m<sup>2</sup>) placement method. We studied plants in urban and suburban locations of three highly populated (> 170 000 inhabitants) Finnish cities—Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku. There were 90 sampling sites with 15 replicates per location type in each city and five measurement replicates per green space (habitat) type. The species richness, cover, and composition were assessed in relation to location, habitat type, city, the average daily traffic (ADT), and distance to the road.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Urban locations had lower total plant species richness and fewer indicator species (characterized only by a single indicator species) compared to suburban locations (characterized by five indicator species). Species richness of plants flowering during the time of the survey did not differ among locations. Traffic islands were richer habitats for flowering plants than road verges but did not differ from parking lots. Total vegetation cover and cover of insect-pollinated flowering plants increased with an increasing distance from the road. Vegetation cover differed among habitats being higher on road verges than on traffic islands irrespective of ADT. In all habitat types, the two most common flowering species were yarrow <i>Achillea millefolium</i> and autumn hawkbit <i>Leontodon autumnalis</i> which occurred at 70.2% and 67.8% of the sampling sites, respectively. However, the mean cover of the ten most common flowering species (when present) was low and varied between 1.5 and 9.5% per m<sup>2</sup>.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Similar richness of flowering plants (but not total plant species) in urban and suburban locations might indicate equal importance of ecosystem services provided by flowering plants in cities irrespective of location. Because traffic islands and parking lots contain rich plant communities, they should be better integrated into UGI and value","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140201946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cut vs. fire: a comparative study of the temporal effects of timber harvest and wildfire on ecological indicators of the boreal forest","authors":"Ian N. Best, Leonie Brown, Che Elkin, Laura Finnegan, Cameron J. R. McClelland, Chris J. Johnson","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01882-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01882-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Large-scale natural disturbances are crucial drivers of ecosystem function and composition for many forested ecosystems. In the last century, the prevalence of anthropogenic disturbances has increased across Canada’s boreal forest. Habitat disturbance from timber harvest and wildfire is linked to declines of boreal species, including woodland caribou (<i>Rangifer tarandus caribou</i>).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>We tested how disturbances influenced the recovery trajectory of ecological indicators of timber, biodiversity, and wildlife habitat through time following timber harvest and wildfire across the boreal forest of Alberta, Canada.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>During 2021 and 2022, we collected field data from 251 timber harvested and 264 burned stands (0–40 years since disturbance), as well as 256 older forest stands used by caribou (&gt; 40 years since disturbance). Field data included metrics of stand attributes (e.g., basal area, stems per hectare), coarse woody debris (CWD), and abundance of forage for caribou, moose (<i>Alces americanus</i>), and bears (black bear: <i>Ursus americanus</i>, grizzly bear: <i>Ursus arctos</i>).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Basal area of trees and stems per hectare recovered more quickly in timber harvest sites when compared to wildfire sites, but as time since disturbance increased there were no differences in these attributes among timber harvest, wildfire, and caribou use sites. CWD was greatest in recently burned sites, but declined over time to be similar in quantity as in harvested stands and older forest stands. Terrestrial lichens, important forage for caribou, were most abundant in the older caribou use sites, whereas forage for moose and bears, including shrubs, was most abundant in younger timber harvest and wildfire sites.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our results demonstrate that timber harvesting may result in a quicker development of timber volume when compared to wildfire. However, this anthropogenic disturbance is less advantageous for the development of caribou habitat.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"304 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140201866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreased river runoff on the Mongolian Plateau since around 2000","authors":"Wenhua Qi, Xiaomei Hu, Hao Bai, Asadilla Yusup, Qinwei Ran, Hui Yang, Haijun Wang, Zurui Ao, Shengli Tao","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01877-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01877-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Mongolian Plateau is one of the largest contingent arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Rivers on the plateau provide vital water for millions of indigenous Mongolian people and numerous endangered wildlife, but are increasingly disturbed by climate change and human activities. Yet, long-term changes in river runoff across the plateau remain poorly studied due to data unavailability.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends in gauged river runoff on the Mongolian Plateau, identify drivers of the observed changes, and evaluate CMIP6 models' performance in simulating historical runoff changes across the plateau.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We compiled possibly the largest database of long-term (20 - 71 years) river runoff for the plateau comprising measurements over 30 major rivers. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess trends in river runoff and correlations between runoff and climatic variables. Additionally, we applied the Budyko curve framework to identify the influence of human activities on river runoff in specific basins. Furthermore, we compared ground-measured runoff data with simulations from CMIP6 models to evaluate the ability of CMIP6 models to replicate runoff dynamics in typical arid and semi-arid regions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>We observed pervasive and abrupt reduction in runoff in 21 out of the 30 rivers within 5 years before or after the year of 2000. Variations in river runoff were most significantly caused by changes in total precipitation (TP). In particular, 27 rivers experienced abrupt TP changes around 2000, and there was a significant positive correlation between annual fluctuations in TP and river runoff for 18 rivers. In addition to climate factors, the influence of human activities was identified in certain basins. The CMIP6 simulations failed to capture the abrupt changes in runoff occurred pervasively across the plateau around 2000.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Around 2000, major rivers on the Mongolian Plateau, especially in Inner Mongolia, experienced runoff declines, primarily due to TP changes. Human activities like dam construction and water diversion further influenced local runoff. CMIP6 historical runoff simulations were inaccurate across the plateau, highlighting the difficulty of simulating river runoff in this critical region. Our study could contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the water resource changes on the Mongolian Plateau, with direct implications for enhancing ecological conservation and management practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140201971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative vegetation trajectories through passive habitat rewilding: opposite effects for animal conservation","authors":"María V. Jiménez-Franco, Eva Graciá, Roberto C. Rodríguez-Caro, José D. Anadón, Thorsten Wiegand, Andrés Giménez","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01880-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01880-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Passive habitat rewilding after rural abandonment can affect wildlife differently depending on the type of habitats that it generates.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objective</h3><p>Evaluate and compare the effects of two alternative vegetation trajectories that occur through passive habitat rewilding in Mediterranean ecotone areas (crop-scrub and crop-pine forest transitions) on the long-term population dynamics of animal species.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We used the spur-thighed tortoise (<i>Testudo graeca</i>), a characteristic long-lived species of cultural landscapes, as study species. We applied a spatially explicit and individual-based model (STEPLAND) to simulate the movement and demographic processes in a long-term period<i>,</i> by comparing an “impact scenario” (i.e., historical land-use changes) to a “control scenario” (no land-use changes).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The two landscape scenarios resulted in different population trends. In the crop-scrub scenarios (control and impact), population densities increased similarly over time. However, the crop-pine forest scenario negatively affected population density throughout the simulation period, and showed a time-lag response of three decades. The extinction risk was 55% with a time-lag response of approximately 110 years.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our study highlights the need to analyse the legacy effects on long-lived ectotherms, using them as a proxy to understand the future effects of dynamic landscapes created by “passive habitat rewilding”. Our results showed how traditional agriculture in Mediterranean ecotone areas may generate “ecotone effects” (i.e. increase in demographical parameters), but also population extinction on long-lived ectotherms. Therefore, we consider it relevant to maintain traditional agricultural areas in Mediterranean landscapes, especially in ecotone areas associated with pine forests (generating mosaics with open habitats).</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140201803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-landscape connectivity models for pond-dwelling species: methods and application to two invasive amphibians of global concern","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01858-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01858-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <span> <h3>Context</h3> <p>Functional connectivity models are essential in identifying major dispersal pathways and developing effective management strategies for expanding populations of invasive alien species. However, the extrapolation of models parameterized within current invasive ranges may not be applicable even to neighbouring areas, if the models are not based on the expected responses of individuals to landscape structure.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Objectives</h3> <p>We have developed a high-resolution connectivity model for both terrestrial and aquatic habitats using solely potential sources. The model is used here for the invasive, principally-aquatic, African clawed frog <em>Xenopus laevis</em>, which is a species of global concern.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Methods</h3> <p>All ponds were considered as suitable habitats for the African clawed frog. Resistance costs of lotic aquatic and terrestrial landscape features were determined through a combination of remote sensing and laboratory trials. Maximum cumulative resistance values were obtained via capture-mark-recapture surveys, and validation was performed using independently collected presence data. We applied this approach to an invasive population of the American bullfrog, <em>Lithobates catesbeianus,</em> in France to assess its transferability to other pond-dwelling species.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Results</h3> <p>The model revealed areas of high and low functional connectivity. It primarily identified river networks as major dispersal pathways and pinpointed areas where local connectivity could be disrupted for management purposes.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Conclusion</h3> <p>Our model predicts how the dispersal of individuals connect suitable lentic habitats, through river networks and different land use types. The approach can be applied to species of conservation concern or interest in pond ecosystems and other wetlands, including aquatic insects, birds and mammals, for which distribution data are limited or challenging to collect. It serves as a valuable tool for forecasting colonization pathways in expanding populations of both native and invasive alien species and for identifying regions suitable for preventive or adaptive control measures.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of the effects of roads on salamanders","authors":"Alison E. Ochs, Robert K. Swihart, Mike R. Saunders","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01867-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01867-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Road expansion has raised concerns regarding road effects on wildlife and ecosystems within the landscape. Salamanders, critical ecosystem components and bioindicators, are vulnerable to road impacts due to habitat loss, migrations, and reliance on stream health. Systemic reviews considering the effects of different road types on salamanders are lacking.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>We summarize 155 studies of road effects on salamanders, including paved, unpaved, and logging roads, hiking trails, railroads, and powerlines. We examine trends in road type, study area, and impacts on salamanders; summarize current knowledge; and identify knowledge gaps.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We used Web of Science for literature searches, completed in January 2023. We reviewed and summarized papers and used Chi-squared tests to explore patterns in research efforts, research gaps, and impacts on salamanders.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Review</h3><p>Roads had negative effects on salamanders through direct mortality, damaging habitat, and fragmenting populations. Traffic and wetland proximity increased negative impacts in some studies; abandoned logging roads showed negative effects. Positive effects were limited to habitat creation along roads. Habitat creation and under-road tunnels with drift fencing were effective mitigation strategies. Non-passenger vehicle roads were critically understudied, as were mitigation strategies such as bucket brigades and habitat creation along roads.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>With road networks expanding and salamander populations declining, managers must account for road effects at landscape scales. The effects of non-paved roads on salamanders are poorly understood but critically important as such roads are frequently located in natural areas. Managers should incorporate mitigation strategies and work to reduce road impacts on vulnerable wildlife.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coffee pollination and pest control are affected by edge diversity at local scales but multiscalar approaches and disservices can not be ignored","authors":"Camila Hohlenwerger, Rebecca Spake, Leandro R. Tambosi, Natalia Aristizábal, Adrian González-Chaves, Felipe Librán-Embid, Fernanda Saturni, Felix Eigenbrod, Jean-Paul Metzger","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01869-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01869-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Managing landscapes to increase multiple services provision in search of higher agricultural yield can be an alternative to agricultural intensification. Nonetheless, to properly guide management, we need to better understand how landscape structure affects multiple services at different scales.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Focused on synergies and trade-offs in real-world landscapes, we investigated how and at which scale landscape features related to the supply, demand and flow of services act as a common driver of pollination and pest control in coffee plantations.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Considering landscapes in an important coffee-producing region in Brazil, we tested the effects of <i>forest</i> and <i>coffee cover</i>, <i>distance to forest</i>, <i>forest-coffee edge density</i> and <i>coffee edge diversity</i> at multiple scales on pollination and pest control by birds, bats and ants.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Coffee edge diversity (number of land uses in contact with coffee) was an important driver of pollination and pest control, being consistently relevant at local scales (up to 300 m). However, services were also affected by other landscape features and the ‘scale of effect’ of these relationships varied. Additionally, results show the complex nature of pest control once the direction of effect revealed services and disservices.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Besides reinforcing the importance of known landscape effects, this study adds to previous studies by showcasing the relevance of diverse land uses around coffee crops as a common driver of pollination and pest control provision by different species. Moreover, we highlight how understanding the combined local and landscape effects may aid in offsetting disservices and tackling the variety of ‘scales of effect’ found.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140147046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"China’s safe and just space during 40 years of rapid urbanization and changing policies","authors":"Hongyan Bian, Jie Gao, Yanxu Liu, Dewei Yang, Jianguo Wu","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01868-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01868-2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Context&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;China’s high-speed economic development was accompanied by rapid urbanization for forty years, guided by a series of changing policies enacted by the central government. However, did China become more sustainable both economically and environmentally? Or more specifically, did it operate within or towards a safe and just space (SJS)? Although numerous relevant studies exist, these questions have not been adequately addressed, and a multi-scale landscape perspective is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The main objective of this study was to examine China’s urbanization trends, associated institutional changes, and their impacts on the nation’s sustainability trajectory during the past four decades. Specifically, we intended to analyze the impacts of urbanization and related policies on the spatial patterns, temporal trends, shortfalls, and complex nexus of the different dimensions of SJS across scales in China.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;We apply the SJS framework, which integrates eight environmental ceilings and seven social justice foundations, to examine China’s urbanization, socioeconomic dynamics, and institutional changes, as well as their impacts on sustainability at multiple spatial scales. Segmented regression and correlation analysis were used to analyze the relationship of SJS with landscape urbanization and governance across China.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Since the implementation of China’s Western Development Plan, China has faced increasing challenges of overshoots in CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions, phosphorus and nitrogen loading, ecological footprint, and material footprint on a per capita basis. However, our analysis showed that, by 2015, China met nearly all basic social justice needs. The pattern of SJS showed geospatial gradients of increasing social justice (except material footprint), multi-footprints, and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; from eastern to central, northeastern, and western regions, and from developed to developing provinces. The tradeoffs between social justice, environmental safety, and regional equality remain pronounced across heterogeneous landscapes with different levels of urbanization. The western region’s material footprint expanded enormously, but mainly for consumption in the eastern region of China.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;China’s development in the past four decades is characterized by enormous economic growth, rapid urbanization, much improved living standards, highly fragmented landscapes, and increasing environmental problems. To promote sustainability, China should continue to implement the strategy of high-quality development and promote ecological civilization. Regional landscape-based approaches are needed to explicitly recognize geospatial heterogeneity and disparities, and better understand the urbanization-governance-landscape nexus fo","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140147271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decision making in complex land systems: outline of a holistic theory of agency","authors":"Andreas Aagaard Christensen, Veerle Van Eetvelde","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01822-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01822-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Models of human agency within research on land systems and landscapes do not fully account for social and cultural factors in decision making. Conversely, within social theory, parallel concepts of agency do not fully take biophysical and spatial factors into account. This calls for a synthesis of conceptual models addressing human decision making in land systems.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>The review identifies parallels between social and ecological perspectives on humans as co-constituent parts of complex land systems. On this basis selected models of agency combining insights from social theory and land systems research are outlined and compared, and improved concepts are outlined.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Elements of agency in modern agricultural land systems are reviewed. A case study illustrating the application of agency concepts in an analysis of decision making among farmers on the Canterbury Plains (New Zealand) is presented. On this basis it is discussed how to improve understandings of human agency in land systems.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The review identifies and compares parallel conceptions of agency, practice and holism in landscape ecology and social theory. Taking the agency of farmers in contemporary agricultural landscapes as an example, theories currently used to characterise and interpret the agency of farmers are discussed and improvements considered. Potentials for improvement of current conceptual models are indicated and discussed, and an improved model of agency is suggested.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Based on the review, the article presents an improved conceptual model of agency in land systems emphasizing the position of agents in social-ecological contexts of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140129415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking connectivity modeling for high-mobility ungulates: insights from a globally endangered equid","authors":"Azita Rezvani, Mahmoud-Reza Hemami, Jacob R. Goheen, Petra Kaczensky, Saeid Pourmanafi, Sima Fakheran, Saeideh Esmaeili","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01873-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01873-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Maintaining connectivity is crucial for wildlife conservation in human-occupied landscapes. Structural connectivity modeling (SCM) attempts to quantify the degree to which physical features facilitate or impede movement of individuals and has been widely used to identify corridors, but its accuracy is rarely validated against empirical data.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>We evaluated SCM’s ability to identify suitable habitat and corridors for onagers (<i>Equus hemionus onager</i>) through a comparison with functional connectivity (i.e., actual movement of individuals) using satellite tracking data.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We used MaxEnt to predict suitable habitat and evaluated the ability of three SCM approaches: circuit theory, factorial least cost path, and landscape corridors approaches to identify corridors. The performance of the three SCM approaches was validated against independently collected GPS telemetry data.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Onagers selected water sources and dense vegetation while avoiding areas grazed intensely by livestock. The three approaches to SCMs identified similar movement corridors, which were interrupted by roads, affecting major high-flow movement corridors. The SCMs overlapped with functional connectivity by about 21%.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Movement corridors derived from SCMs did not align with the locations or intensity of corridors identified using the functional connectivity model. This finding suggests that SCMs might have a tendency to overestimate landscape resistance in areas with low habitat suitability. Therefore, SCM may not adequately capture individual decisions about habitat selection and movement. To protect corridors linking suitable habitat, data on functional connectivity (i.e., telemetry data) can be coupled with SCM to better understand habitat selection and movements of populations as a consequence of landscape features.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140129331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}