Networks & Spatial Economics最新文献_第3页

Demand on Digital Skills in Russia: Regional Differences 俄罗斯对数字技能的需求:地区差异

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Networks & Spatial Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.14530/se.2023.1.070-092

S. Kapelyuk, I. Karelin

{"title":"Demand on Digital Skills in Russia: Regional Differences","authors":"S. Kapelyuk, I. Karelin","doi":"10.14530/se.2023.1.070-092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14530/se.2023.1.070-092","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines regional differences in the demand for digital skills based on an analysis of 9 million vacancies posted on the Unified Digital Platform ‘Work in Russia’ in 2018–2022. We examine approaches used in the literature to classify digital skills and using it develop our own classification. The paper studies the advantages and limitations of various indicators of the demand for digital skills. We suggest that the ratio between the share of vacancies requiring digital skills of a certain group in the region and the labor force population should be used as the most appropriate one. The results of the study show that in Russia there is still a significant regional differentiation in the employer’s demand for all selected groups. Differentiation increased with the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, and decreased slightly in 2021–2022. We reveal that regions with a higher level of economic development have higher requirements for digital skills. Digital skills are more often required in regions specialized on primary production and less often in agricultural regions. Of the federal districts, a slightly higher level of demand for digital skills is observed in the Ural and Far Eastern federal districts, while a significantly lower level is observed in the North Caucasus federal district","PeriodicalId":54733,"journal":{"name":"Networks & Spatial Economics","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74206560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Russia’s Gold Mining Industry: Sanctions Shocks 俄罗斯黄金采矿业:制裁冲击

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Networks & Spatial Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.14530/se.2023.2.070-093

N. Galtseva, O. Sharypova

{"title":"Russia’s Gold Mining Industry: Sanctions Shocks","authors":"N. Galtseva, O. Sharypova","doi":"10.14530/se.2023.2.070-093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14530/se.2023.2.070-093","url":null,"abstract":"The deliberate fragmentation of the world market as a result of the establishment of a global sanctions regime provoked a complete transition of both the Russian and the entire world economy to non-stationary modes of operation, one of the fundamental features of which are the deformations of the global monetary and financial system, which only two years ago seemed to have no alternative to the one based on the US dollar. One of the consequences of these events is the objective strengthening of the role of gold as the basis for the stability of national reserves and a single base in the transition to a plurality of global means of payment. The only source of replenishing gold reserves is gold mining, especially for modern Russia, which Western sanctions have effectively cut off from the world trade in gold. Russia has traditionally been one of the world leaders in terms of gold reserves and resources, ranking third in world production. Gold production in Russia increased by a factor of 1.5 in 2012–2021, facilitated by the growth rate of the Russian gold price relative to the global price due to the rise in the dollar exchange rate after 2014. At the same time, the share of gold in Russia’s gold and foreign exchange reserves is three times smaller than that of developed countries. This article discusses the problems of production localised in the regions of the Russian Far East and Siberia, its impact on the socio-economic development of these regions and the role of gold in the country’s economy. The impact of sanctions on the circulation of precious metals, including gold, is assessed. The authors assess the effects of external sanctions and the macroeconomic policy of the Russian Central Bank in terms of replenishing gold reserves and the volatility of the Russian ruble on gold production, the structure of gold consumption, and the economic situation in the gold mining industry","PeriodicalId":54733,"journal":{"name":"Networks & Spatial Economics","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87492162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Russia’s Far East: Traditional Routes of Spatial Development and Their Modern Transformation 俄罗斯远东地区:空间发展的传统路径及其现代转型

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Networks & Spatial Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.14530/se.2023.2.028-046

A. Savchenko, T. Borodina, A. Treivish

{"title":"The Russia’s Far East: Traditional Routes of Spatial Development and Their Modern Transformation","authors":"A. Savchenko, T. Borodina, A. Treivish","doi":"10.14530/se.2023.2.028-046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14530/se.2023.2.028-046","url":null,"abstract":"The experience of exploration and development of the Russia’s Far East from different directions, at different scales of time and space is summarized, starting from the foundation of Vladivostok in 1860, the most remote large city from both Russian capitals. It is shown that the maritime (eastern) route in the past and the space route today play no less a role in the development of the macroregion than the traditional overland (western) path. The sea ways played a decisive role until the launch of the Trans-Siberian Railway entirely across the territory of Russia in 1916, and since the beginning of the 1970s, the symbiosis of digital and space technologies makes it possible to remove restrictions on the spatial accessibility of an ever wider range of functions, land and water areas, concurrently expanding the opportunities for their consolidation and integration into both the national territory of Russia, and Greater Eurasia. Exploration of Space as a part of geosphere laid the foundation for the transformation of the traditional model of the Far East spatial development, with competition and alternating dominance of the land and sea routes. Since the early 1970s, within the framework of this transformation, the division of labor between modes and systems of transport and directions of communication has been gradually harmonized, when the development of the macroregion from the sea and by land are increasingly acting not as competing, but as complementary","PeriodicalId":54733,"journal":{"name":"Networks & Spatial Economics","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80697688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transformation of Money and Financial Instruments of the Market in Conditions of Regionalization of the World Economy 世界经济区域化条件下市场货币金融工具的转型

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Networks & Spatial Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.14530/se.2023.1.168-186

A. Novoselov, Alexander Faleev

{"title":"Transformation of Money and Financial Instruments of the Market in Conditions of Regionalization of the World Economy","authors":"A. Novoselov, Alexander Faleev","doi":"10.14530/se.2023.1.168-186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14530/se.2023.1.168-186","url":null,"abstract":"The problems of transforming the elements of the global monetary and financial system in the direction of regionalization are discussed. The issues of prospects for de-dollarization and possible scenarios for switching to alternative means of payment in regional trade are discussed, five main scenarios for the development of the de-dollarization course are identified. The vulnerabilities of the Jamaican system in the context of global risks are identified. The analysis of the actual conditions for the formation of exchange rates is carried out. The main factors of the US dollar exchange rate formation are considered. A comparative analysis of the euro as a tool for replacing the world reserve currency is carried out, the weak position of the euro as a promising ‘donor’ of the US dollar has been revealed. The main threats to the economies of developing countries with weak national monetary institutions are formulated. An assessment of the structure of the distribution of investment gold among the national banks of the largest holders of reserves in precious metals is given, the dynamics of gold production and the dynamics of increment of reserves by national banks of the largest countries are considered, the prospects of gold mining and its distribution in the system of international finance are assessed. The applicability of futures of the main commodity markets as investment reserves is considered, the volatility of oil futures in terms of gold has been assessed. The prospects of the cryptocurrency market instruments as instruments for replacing the world reserve currency are assessed, the strengths and weaknesses of the processes of formation of crypto-tools markets are revealed","PeriodicalId":54733,"journal":{"name":"Networks & Spatial Economics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79079258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fertility and Female Unemployment in Russian Regions 俄罗斯地区生育率和女性失业率

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Networks & Spatial Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.14530/se.2023.1.020-051

B. Alekhin

引用次数: 1

XXIV Yasin (April) International Academic Conference on Economic and Social Development 第二十四届亚辛(4月)经济和社会发展国际学术会议

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Networks & Spatial Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.14530/se.2023.2.188-190

O. Vasilyeva

引用次数: 0

WTO Accession Factors and Algeria’s Potential: A Comparative Study with Russia and Saudi 加入WTO因素与阿尔及利亚潜力:与俄罗斯、沙特的比较研究

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Networks & Spatial Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.14530/se.2023.2.169-186

Ismail Amani, Farah Naima Guechairi

{"title":"WTO Accession Factors and Algeria’s Potential: A Comparative Study with Russia and Saudi","authors":"Ismail Amani, Farah Naima Guechairi","doi":"10.14530/se.2023.2.169-186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14530/se.2023.2.169-186","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to assess the factors affecting the accession to the WTO and hence evaluate Algeria’s potential to complete its accession. Literature identifies 4 principal factors that can affect the process: economical, political, commercial and institutional. Thus, a comparative and empirical study has been done based on a weighted score method, this method put all factors in the same scale from 0 to 10 points for the three countries: Algeria, Russia and Saudi Arabia. Results show that Algeria has have an acceptable rating compared to the two other countries in institutional factor, as they have average governance scores, and political, as none of the three countries is aligned with WTO major. While it is much lower than Russia in economic framework, even if Saudi Arabia is at same level, this is mainly due to lack of diversification and subsidies, especially fuel prices. In the commercial factor Algeria is far from the other two countries as it lacks many adjustments in this sector, mainly in applied tariffs, FDI, exports and PTAs. Negotiation duration is also holding back the accession process, this can become even more difficult as it extend more. In the other hand, oil prices fluctuations can enhance institutional factors while new regional trade agreement can constitute a more interesting alternative to WTO accession","PeriodicalId":54733,"journal":{"name":"Networks & Spatial Economics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85076254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Foreign Trade Factor of the Force Majeure Economy: A Spatial Manoeuvre 不可抗力经济的对外贸易因素:一个空间策略

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Networks & Spatial Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.14530/se.2023.1.007-019

P. Minakir

引用次数: 2

The Economics of Force Majeure: The Price of ‘Financial Stability’ 不可抗力经济学:“金融稳定”的代价

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Networks & Spatial Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.14530/se.2023.2.007-027

P. Minakir

{"title":"The Economics of Force Majeure: The Price of ‘Financial Stability’","authors":"P. Minakir","doi":"10.14530/se.2023.2.007-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14530/se.2023.2.007-027","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, it is shown that, despite a tremendous number of sanctions that significantly modify the conditions of financial and economic equilibrium in Russia, the basic mechanisms, priorities and construction of the goals of the financial and economic policy have not changed. This is especially true for monetary and fiscal policy. The analysis of the parameters and results of budget planning for 2022–2023 has been carried out. Although there are no catastrophic failures of macroeconomic indicators according to the Ministry of Finance in 2022 and the official projections of the 2023 budget do not promise an increase in problems, the discrepancy between the actual possibilities to increase revenues and the imperative requirements to increase budget expenditures signal a serious deterioration of the budget situation, which requires urgent and adequate solutions. The author discusses the prospect of the state budget deficit turning into a permanent phenomenon accompanying the country’s economic development for a long period, due to the indefinite period of revenue suppression and acceleration of state budget expenditures, the reasons of which are long military expenditures and the duration of restructuring the structure and mechanisms of global and subglobal financial and economic interactions. In this paper, estimates of the budget deficit, which are alternative to the official data, have been made; estimates of real sizes and dynamics of budget deficits are proposed; and the concept of hierarchy and target concentration of budget expenditures is argued. The main tools for financing budget deficits (the National Welfare Fund, ruble devaluation, money emission, government borrowings) are analyzed, the possibilities and potential limits of their use are shown. It is shown that all of them, except domestic government borrowings, give a short-term effect and at the same time have a negative impact on macroeconomic equilibrium. The possibilities, direct and indirect consequences of the policy of reduction of budget expenditures are considered","PeriodicalId":54733,"journal":{"name":"Networks & Spatial Economics","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81834779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of the Significance of Agglomeration Effects in the South of Siberia 西伯利亚南部地区集聚效应的意义评价

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Networks & Spatial Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.14530/se.2023.1.052-069

E. Kolomak, A. Sherubneva

{"title":"Assessment of the Significance of Agglomeration Effects in the South of Siberia","authors":"E. Kolomak, A. Sherubneva","doi":"10.14530/se.2023.1.052-069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14530/se.2023.1.052-069","url":null,"abstract":"Agglomeration effects are an essential element of business decision-making on the location of projects, but in the eastern territories of Russia their significance and influence are questioned. The southern industrial belt of Siberia, including the Omsk, Novosibirsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo, Altai and part of the Krasnoyarsk region, has a combination of development characteristics that can contribute to the manifestation of agglomeration forces. The aim of the study was to obtain quantitative estimates of the impact of the agglomeration effects on the development of the region. The study was based on information about enterprises presented in the SPARK-Interfax database for the period 2019–2020. The analysis methods included maps representing the spatial distribution of the average for the municipalities level of output and profit of the enterprises, as well as an econometric analysis of the influence of the factor of remoteness from the regional capital on the performance of the firm. Regression estimates for individual regions confirmed the importance of agglomeration effects either for revenue or for the profitability of enterprises. Average estimates for enterprises of the entire South Siberian macro-region showed a significant contribution of the agglomeration effects to both output and profit, reducing the distance to the regional center by 2 times increases revenue by 1.6%, and profits by about 5.1%. Confirmation of the significance the of agglomeration forces and their positive impact on the economic and financial characteristics of business in the regions of southern Siberia are the arguments in favor of initiating and implementing public and private infrastructure projects that might improve the transport network and reduce barriers for the interaction of enterprises and population","PeriodicalId":54733,"journal":{"name":"Networks & Spatial Economics","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78765323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0