{"title":"Protecting our nursing and healthcare workers with comprehensive strategies for preventing violence and promoting safety: An American Academy of Nursing consensus paper","authors":"JoEllen Schimmels PhD, DNP, PMHNP-BC, CNE, FAAN , Joanne Iennaco PhD, APRN, PMHNP-BC, FAAN , Kathleen R. Delaney PhD, APRN, PMH-NP, FAAN , Emily Hauenstein PhD, LCP, RN, MSN, FAAN , Daryl Sharp PhD, RN, FAAN , Kathleen Brewer-Smyth PhD, FAAN , Karan Kverno PhD, FAAN , Michelle Patch PhD, MSN, APRN-CNS, ACNS-BC, AFN-C, DF-AFN, FAAN , Sandra Cadena PhD, RN, FAAN , Susan Blaakman PhD, RN, PMHNP-BC, FNAP, FAAN , Robin Arends DNP, CNP, FNP-BC, PMHNP-BC, CNE, FAAN, FAANP , Linda Beeber PhD, PMHCNS-BC, FAAN","doi":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concerns about workplace safety have contributed to a variety of negative personal and organizational outcomes in health care. In this consensus paper, we explore the current legislative and regulatory environment affecting workplace safety in organizations employing nurses and providing patient care, bringing nurses' voices to policy that directly affects their well-being. Incorporating feedback gathered during the 2023 American Academy of Nursing (Academy) Policy Dialogue on workplace violence prevention, we summarize the scope of the problem, provide clarification on the position of the Academy, highlight effective practice exemplars, and recommend policy changes. This work is aimed at mitigating the risk and occurrence of violence in the healthcare workplace, ensuring the protection of both the nursing and healthcare workforce and the public through policy recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54705,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Outlook","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 102425"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing the influence of social risk factors on machine learning model performance across racial and ethnic groups in home healthcare","authors":"Mollie Hobensack PhD, RN , Anahita Davoudi PhD , Jiyoun Song PhD, APRN , Kenrick Cato PhD, RN , Kathryn H. Bowles PhD, RN , Maxim Topaz PhD, RN","doi":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the impact of social risk factors on machine learning model performance for predicting hospitalization and emergency department visits in home healthcare. Using retrospective data from one U.S. home healthcare agency, four models were developed with unstructured social information documented in clinical notes. Performance was compared with and without social factors. A subgroup analyses was conducted by race and ethnicity to assess for fairness. LightGBM performed best overall. Social factors had a modest effect, but findings highlight the feasibility of integrating unstructured social information into machine learning models and the importance of fairness evaluation in home healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54705,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Outlook","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 102431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a policy equity impact assessment tool","authors":"Karen Reifenstein PhD, RN , Joanne Noone PhD, RN, FAAN, CNE, ANEF , Rana Najjar PhD, RN, CPNP , Katherine L. Criswell MSN, RN , Doria K. Thiele PhD, CNM, IBCLC","doi":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Efforts to eradicate historically rooted inequities in nursing education require examining policies and decisions through an equity lens. Policy equity impact assessment tools (EIAT) are designed to analyze impact of policies and decisions to create more equitable outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this article is to describe the development and implementation of a policy EIAT in a school of nursing that aligns with trauma-informed educational practices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Literature and existing policy equity impact assessments used in educational, social justice organizational, and governmental settings were reviewed to develop a tool to aid decision-making and policymaking and revision.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The tool developed considers who benefits and is burdened by a policy, unintended consequences, community member involvement, and how to mitigate trauma and harm.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This tool can be adapted to other nursing education programs and practice settings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A policy EIAT has the potential to create more equitable policies and to dismantle structural racism in nursing education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54705,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Outlook","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 102426"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nursing OutlookPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102395
Michael P. Cary Jr PhD, RN , Siobahn D. Grady PhD , Jacquelyn McMillian-Bohler PhD , Sophia Bessias MPH, MSA , Christina Silcox PhD , Susan Silva PhD , Vincent Guilamo-Ramos PhD, RN , Jonathan McCall MS , Jessica Sperling PhD , Benjamin A. Goldstein PhD
{"title":"Building competency in artificial intelligence and bias mitigation for nurse scientists and aligned health researchers","authors":"Michael P. Cary Jr PhD, RN , Siobahn D. Grady PhD , Jacquelyn McMillian-Bohler PhD , Sophia Bessias MPH, MSA , Christina Silcox PhD , Susan Silva PhD , Vincent Guilamo-Ramos PhD, RN , Jonathan McCall MS , Jessica Sperling PhD , Benjamin A. Goldstein PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Healthcare systems are increasingly integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) tools into patient care, potentially influencing clinical decisions for millions. However, concerns are growing about these tools reinforcing systemic inequities. To address bias in AI/ML tools and promote equitable outcomes, guidelines for mitigating this bias and comprehensive workforce training programs are necessary. In response, we developed the multifaceted Human-Centered Use of Multidisciplinary AI for Next-Gen Education and Research (HUMAINE), informed by a comprehensive scoping review, training workshops, and a research symposium. The curriculum, which focuses on structural inequities in algorithms that contribute to health disparities, is designed to equip scientists with AI/ML competencies that allow them to effectively address these structural inequities and promote health equity. The curriculum incorporates the perspectives of clinicians, biostatisticians, engineers, and policymakers to harness AI’s transformative potential, with the goal of building an inclusive ecosystem where cutting-edge technology and ethical AI governance converge to create a more equitable healthcare future for all.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54705,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Outlook","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 102395"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nursing OutlookPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102420
Derek R. Manis, Heather M. Ross
{"title":"Doctoral-level health policy scholarship in politically polarized society: A rapid review and teaching practice recommendations","authors":"Derek R. Manis, Heather M. Ross","doi":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102420","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54705,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Outlook","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 102420"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nursing OutlookPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102432
Jade C. Burns PhD, RN, CPNP-PC , Loretta Sweet-Jemmott PhD, RN, FAAN , Lynae Darbes PhD , Lloyd M. Talley PhD , Damali M. Wilson PhD, RN, CPNP , Rob Ploutz-Snyder PhD, PStat , John B. Jemmott III PhD
{"title":"Exploring condom use intentions among urban Black emerging adult men","authors":"Jade C. Burns PhD, RN, CPNP-PC , Loretta Sweet-Jemmott PhD, RN, FAAN , Lynae Darbes PhD , Lloyd M. Talley PhD , Damali M. Wilson PhD, RN, CPNP , Rob Ploutz-Snyder PhD, PStat , John B. Jemmott III PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) disproportionately impact young Black emerging adult men (BEAM) in the United States, underscoring the need to understand their sexual risk behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior and population-specific factors associated with condom use intentions among BEAMS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A secondary analysis of baseline data from 618 BEAMs participating in a randomized HIV/STI risk reduction intervention trial implemented in barbershops was conducted using multiple linear regression.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The regression analysis revealed that higher subjective norm (<em>β</em> = 0.16, <em>p</em> < .001), descriptive norm (<em>β</em> = 0.08, <em>p</em> < .01), attitude (<em>β</em> = 0.30, <em>p</em> < .001), self-efficacy (<em>β</em> = 0.41, <em>p</em> < .001), and hypermasculinity (β = 0.06, <em>p</em> < .01) were associated with greater condom use intention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that interventions aimed at increasing condom use intentions among BEAMs should focus on enhancing subjective norms, descriptive norms, attitude, self-efficacy, and hypermasculinity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54705,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Outlook","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 102432"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nursing OutlookPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102427
Jonathan Bayuo RN, PhD, FFNMRCSI , Arkers Kwan Ching Wong RN, PhD, FHKAN , Frances Kam Yuet Wong RN, PhD, FAAN
{"title":"Legal precedents and nursing: Implications of four key court findings for the future of nursing jurisprudence in the United States","authors":"Jonathan Bayuo RN, PhD, FFNMRCSI , Arkers Kwan Ching Wong RN, PhD, FHKAN , Frances Kam Yuet Wong RN, PhD, FAAN","doi":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Judicial precedents increasingly shape nursing practice, policy, and jurisprudence, yet their implications remain underexamined.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To discuss emerging case law and unpack how they will shape nursing jurisprudence in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A structured search of eight legal databases was undertaken focusing on cases with implications for the nursing profession adjudicated from 2021 to 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Four legal cases (<em>Vaught, Loper, Talevski</em> and <em>Does</em>) were identified. Vaught mandates organizational reforms to prevent errors, including technology safeguards and transparent error reporting. Post-Loper, agencies face challenges defending reimbursement policies or scope-of-practice rules without explicit statutory mandates. Talevski shifts power dynamics, requiring nursing homes to align operations with resident-defined quality metrics. Does affirms state authority to enforce public health mandates, prioritizing communal safety over individual exemptions during crises.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The cases underscore a shift toward transparency reflecting a legal landscape increasingly shaped by patient rights, evidence-based mandates, and accountability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54705,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Outlook","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 102427"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anxiety in typically developing children with a sibling with a special healthcare need: A concept analysis","authors":"Kimberly Egan Gonzalez PhD, PNP, Elif Isik PhD, MSN, RN, ACUE","doi":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Anxiety levels among children have been rising. Currently, about 240 million children worldwide live with disabilities, affecting not only their well-being but also that of their siblings and families. Typically developing children aged 8 to 12 with a sibling who has special healthcare needs (SHCN) may experience increased anxiety. This topic requires further investigation to understand its unique factors.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Examine the determinants of anxiety in children aged 8 to 12 years with a sibling who has SHCN.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The concept analysis was carried out using the iterative eight-step method developed by Walker and Avant (2019).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Three key attributes of anxiety were identified: psychological, structural, and educational factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This research provides a foundational understanding of this emerging concept, anxiety in children 8 to 12 years with a sibling with a SHCN. This allows for developing targeted interventions and identifying potential areas for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54705,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Outlook","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 102423"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Call to action to reduce the occupational hazard associated with patient handling for workforce preservation","authors":"Laura Cullen DNP, RN, FAAN , Marcus Seaton MS, PT, CEAS-III , Valerie Janni MSIE , Arunkumar Pennathur PhD , Priyadarshini Pennathur PhD , Martha Blondin MSN, RN, ONC , Karen Stenger MA, RN, CCRN","doi":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nursing injuries from overexertion decreased in recent years, but 2020 saw an increase. Reducing work-related injuries (WRI) through safe patient handling (SPH) can preserve the nursing workforce. Policies focused on workforce preservation are needed.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>We investigate an evidence-based SPH program initiated in 2002, in reducing injuries among nurses compared with national patterns, and offer a blueprint for replication.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A three-step iterative, mixed-methods approach compares national data on WRI and lost workdays from overexertion with a case example.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The case example outperforms national trends. Data demonstrate benefits from a comprehensive, evidence-based SPH program with steady reductions in Occupational Safety and Health Administration recordable WRI and median workdays lost. Fifty-eight implementation strategies promoted sustainability of SPH practices.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and Conclusion</h3><div>SPH can reduce injuries and lost workdays but requires funding for SPH equipment across settings. Implications for organizations, research and technology development, policy, and workforce preservation are provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54705,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Outlook","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 102402"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}