Oncologist最新文献

{"title":"Utility And Real-World Clinical Outcomes Of Next-Generation Sequencing In Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer In South Indian Population.","authors":"Anoop Tm, Lakshmi Raj, Pallavi Nair, Athira Vincent","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is an advanced sequencing technology that enables rapid sequencing of numerous DNA strands and perform simultaneous analysis of various genes and diverse genomic characteristics. While there is a lack of substantial evidence available, the extent to which NGS may improve clinical outcomes among cancer patients in a real-world scenario remain uncertain.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the clinical utility of NGS in patients treated with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its impact on real-world clinical outcomes, treated with targetable or non-targetable agents.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a prospective observational study conducted in 322 participants distributed over two broad categories- next-generation sequencing (NGS) and non-NGS. The NGS category consisted of patients who underwent genetic mutation screening by the NGS method. This group was further categorized into two sub groups- NGS - targetable and NGS- non targetable. The non- NGS category consisted of patients who did not undergo mutation testing by the NGS method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference in overall survival between NGS and non-NGS groups (p=0.0038). There was a significant difference between NGS targetable and non- targetable groups in terms of PFS (p= 0.0016) and overall survival (OS) (p<0.0001). There was a significant difference between NGS- matched and non-matched groups in terms of PFS (p<0.00011) as well as OS (p<0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NGS significantly improved survival in advanced NSCLC. Patients who received treatments matched to their NGS results experienced significantly longer survival compared to those with non-matched treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Breast According to the WHO 2019 Classification;Real Life Experiences of Rare Tumor Types of the Breast.","authors":"Seda Sali, Mursel Sali, Burcu Caner, Birol Ocak, Eyup Coban, Alper Coskun, Mine Ozsen, Sibel Oyucu Orhan, Ahmet Bilgehan Sahin, Adem Deligonul, Erdem Cubukcu, Sahsine Tolunay, Turkkan Evrensel","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backround: </strong>Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) originate in many body parts, with 70% reported from the gastrointestinal system, 25% from the lungs. NENs of the breast account for <1% of all NENs. The primary breast NEN nomenclature was changed in the most recent World Health Organization(WHO) classification in 2019. Since the pathological classification has changed several times, there are no definitive data on treatment management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, patients followed up in our clinic were pathologically re-evaluated according to the latest classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The clinical characteristics, treatments, recurrence and survival status of 36 patients with early-stage primary breast NEN were examined. A statistically significant difference was determined in respect of overall survival (OS) for the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Score (ECOG PS), type of surgery, age ≥ 70 years, PR positivity and tumor size. A low ECOG PS, younger age, breast-conserving surgery, and small tumor diameter were associated with better survival. A low ECOG PS, early stage, breast-conserving surgery, and fewer than four malignant lymph nodes were associated with better disease-free survival (DFS). All the patients in this study were at an early stage and were treated for typical breast cancer, although some patients diagnosed with neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) received cisplatin and etoposide treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In our study; the prognosis of breast NEN patients was better than the literature data. Maybe the prognosis of patients evaluated as breast NEN according to the new classification is better than the older classification groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Index for Predicting Outcomes of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in HER2 Expressing Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Real-World Multicenter Study.","authors":"Cong Xue, Qianyi Liao, Riqing Huang, Yunjie Huang, Rishang Chen, Zhenhua Yang, Xiujiao Shen, Haifeng Li, Qixiang Rong, Ditian Shu, Fei Pan, Yanxia Shi, Meiting Chen","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has shown efficacy in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive and HER2-low metastatic breast cancer (MBC), but real-world prognostic data in heavily pretreated patients are limited. This study evaluates T-DXd's real-world effecacy and identifies predictive factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study included 317 patients (HER2-positive: n=173; HER2-low: n=144) treated with T-DXd between January 3rd, 2020 and September 9th, 2024. Outcomes included real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS), overall survival (rwOS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. A prognostic index was developed using clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the HER2 positive cohort, ORR was 44.5%, with a median rwPFS of 10.5 months and rwOS of 29.9 months. Early-line T-DXd use (first or second-line) improved rwPFS and rwOS compared with later lines (P < 0.0001), while prior tubulin-inhibitor ADCs was associated with inferior outcomes. In the HER2-low cohort, ORR was 24.3%, with a median rwPFS of 5.6 months and rwOS of 18.5 months. Prior exposure to topoisomerase inhibitor-payload ADCs significantly reduced rwPFS (1.97 vs. 5.97 months, P < 0.0001) and rwOS (5.77 vs. 18.9 months, P < 0.0001). Primary resistance rates were higher in HER2-low disease (24.3% vs. 12.7%, P = 0.011). Prognostic index incorporating treatment lines, HER2 expression, and prior ADC exposure effectively stratified patients into risk groups with distinct survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>T-DXd shows clinical benefit in HER2-expressing MBC, with efficacy influenced by treatment line, HER2 expression, and prior ADC payload type. The prognostic index could aid in personalizing therapy, optimizing patient selection for T-DXd in real-world practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world testing of serum lactate dehydrogenase among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in the USA.","authors":"Heinz-Josef Lenz, Orsolya Lunacsek, Helene Ostojic, Xiaoyun Pan, Emmanuelle Dochy, Zdravko Vassilev, Nasreen Khan","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a potential prognostic biomarker of outcomes in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This retrospective, observational study assessed real-world LDH testing patterns and LDH as a prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in US patients receiving chemotherapy for mCRC.Patients and methods: Patients with mCRC who initiated first-line chemotherapy between January 1, 2016, and November 30, 2022, were selected from a nationwide de-identified Electronic Health Record-derived database. LDH value was categorized based on laboratory reference ranges. The prognostic relationship between pretreatment LDH value and OS was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 15 329 adult patients (median age 64 years), 3379 (22%) had LDH testing at or post-index; 21% had abnormal baseline values, while 40% had normal values. Patients with abnormal LDH levels were more likely to be female (47% abnormal LDH vs 41% normal LDH), age ≥65 years (52% vs 49%), African American or Black (12% vs 7%), or reside in the Northeast (30% vs 21%). The median OS (95% CI) in patients with normal baseline LDH was 29.9 (28.3-31.7) vs 16.8 (14.8-18.2) months for those with abnormal LDH. In a multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model, patients with abnormal baseline LDH had higher risk of death (HR 1.91, P < .0001) after adjustment for demographic/clinical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormal baseline LDH levels were associated with shorter OS; however, only one-fifth of patients receiving chemotherapy underwent LDH testing. Efforts to increase LDH testing could be valuable in helping guide treatment decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-PD-1 antibody with or without capecitabine as maintenance therapy after first-line therapy of recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.","authors":"Yi-Fu Li, Yu Chen, Hui Cheng, Jia-Yi Shen, Bo-Wen Shen, Hao-Xiang Long, Xue-Song Sun, Jie Chen, Jing-Yun Peng, Pan Wang, Shan-Shan Guo, Qiu-Yan Chen, Lin-Quan Tang, Hai-Qiang Mai, Li-Ting Liu","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of maintenance therapy for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC) following first-line treatment with gemcitabine, cisplatin, and anti-PD-1 antibody remains controversial. Therefore, an effective and low-toxicity maintenance treatment option is urgently needed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 301 patients who received either combined maintenance therapy (anti-PD-1 antibody plus capecitabine) or anti-PD-1 antibody alone. Patients were matched in a 1:3 ratio using propensity score matching (PSM). Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary outcome, and its association with maintenance therapy was assessed using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight patients were included in the combined maintenance therapy group. After PSM, 174 patients were included in the anti-PD-1 antibody maintenance therapy group. In the matched cohort, the 2-year PFS rate was significantly higher in the combined maintenance therapy group than in the anti-PD-1 antibody monotherapy group (66.8% vs. 51.3%, P = 0.0063). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with pre-treatment Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA >12,400 copies/mL and undetectable post-treatment levels had significant improved PFS with combined maintenance therapy (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.20-0.96, P = 0.033). In contrast, no statistically significant PFS improvement from the combined maintenance therapy was observed among patients with low pre-treatment EBV DNA (≤12,400 copies/mL) and undetectable post-treatment levels (HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.27-1.27, P = 0.17), or those with detectable post-treatment EBV DNA levels regardless of pre-treatment levels (HR = 0.73, 95% = CI 0.31-1.70, P = 0.46). Combined maintenance therapy was associated with higher rates of grade 3-4 hand-foot syndrome (P < 0.001) and leukopenia (P = 0.0487).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anti-PD-1 antibody plus capecitabine maintenance therapy improved PFS with manageable toxicities in patients with RM-MPC following first-line immunochemotherapy, particularly in those with pre-treatment EBV DNA > 12,400 copies/mL and undetectable post-treatment levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144512817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Smoking on Nivolumab Outcomes in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Real-World Data from the Turkish Oncology Group Kidney Cancer Consortium (TKCC).","authors":"Elif Sertesen Camoz, Hatice Bolek, Omer Faruk Kuzu, Saadet Sim, Hilal Karakaş, Serhat Sekmek, Murad Guliyev, Aysun Fatma Akkus, Selver Isık, Deniz Tural, Cagatay Arslan, Sema Sezgin Goksu, Ozlem Nuray Sever, Nuri Karadurmuş, Cengiz Karacin, Mustafa Ozguroglu, Mehmet Ali Nahit Sendur, Emre Yekedüz, Yüksel Ürün","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study aims to evaluate the effect of smoking status on treatment results in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treated with nivolumab in the second and following lines of therapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>The Turkish Oncology Group Kidney Cancer Consortium (TKCC) database was used to extract retrospective data from patients with metastatic RCC treated with nivolumab in the second line and beyond. Patients were evaluated according to their smoking status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 247 patients were evaluated. The majority of the current smokers were male (93.8%, p=0.002). Nivolumab is mainly used in the second-line therapy (84.2%). Median time to treatment failure (TTF) and median overall survival was shorter in patients with currently smoking (10.81 vs. 4.11 months, p<0.001 and 32.33 vs. 16.76 months, p<0.049, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that current smoking status was an independent adverse factor on median TTF (HR 2.06 95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.20-3.54, p=0.009) and median OS (, HR 2.06, 95% CI=1.25-3.38, p=0.004) in metastatic RCC patients treated with nivolumab in the second line and beyond.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current smoking status is an independent adverse prognostic factor for both TTF and OS in patients with metastatic RCC treated with nivolumab in the second line and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144512821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase II study of avelumab and trastuzumab with FOLFOX chemotherapy in previously untreated HER2-amplified metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Michael S Lee, Joseph Chao, Mary F Mulcahy, Pashtoon M Kasi, Angela T Alistar, Sarbajit Mukherjee, Mehmet Akce, Dominic T Moore, Autumn J McRee, Ashwin Somasundaram","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trastuzumab and multiagent chemotherapy has been the standard of care for the 20-30% of metastatic gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas that overexpress HER2. Preclinical data shows that trastuzumab requires a functional adaptive immune system for efficacy, suggesting synergy of trastuzumab combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors further supported by current clinical studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HCRN GI17-319 was a multicenter, single-arm, phase II clinical trial with a prespecified 6-subject safety run-in of the anti-PD-L1 antibody avelumab, combined with trastuzumab and mFOLFOX6, in previously untreated, metastatic, HER2-amplified gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas. The primary endpoint was best overall response within 24 weeks. Subjects received 9 cycles of induction avelumab, trastuzumab, and mFOLFOX6, followed by maintenance avelumab + trastuzumab. The study was initially designed as a Simon's two stage trial, but enrollment was stopped after the 18-subject first stage for reasons unrelated to safety or efficacy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 18 subjects, including the 6-subject safety run-in, were enrolled 4/2019-8/2020. The 24-week response rate was 11/18 (61%; 95% CI 39-84%), and the confirmed overall response rate is 9/18 (50%). With a median follow-up of 14.6 months, the median PFS was 8.0 mo (95% CI 5.3-NA) and median OS was 13.1 mo (95% CI 11.5-NA). The regimen was well tolerated, without any new safety signal.v The combination of avelumab, trastuzumab, and FOLFOX chemotherapy demonstrated some activity, with reasonable response rate and median PFS. These outcomes provide some support to other clinical trials of similar agents and support the future evaluation of adding avelumab in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative Multi-Omic and Immune Profiling of Lung Adenocarcinoma: Molecular Landscapes, Gene Expression, and Treatment Response Insights.","authors":"Yahui Tian, Honghong Dong, Yujie Guo, Shaowei Xin, Suxin Jiang, Zitong Wan, Huaiyu Wang, Yong Han","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major cause of cancer death. Traditional histopathological classification overlooks molecular heterogeneity, limiting personalized treatment. This study used multiomic data to define LUAD subtypes, assess prognostic significance, and analyze immune features, aiming to improve targeted therapy and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used Consensus Clustering and Gap Statistics to analyze LUAD multiomic data, including mRNA, lncRNA, miRNA, DNA methylation, and mutations. Clustering was validated by silhouette plots and heatmaps. Molecular characterization involved regulon activity, immune and metabolic profiling. Functional assays (qPCR, WB, CCK-8, flow cytometry) assessed NDNF's role in LUAD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two molecular LUAD subtypes showed distinct clustering and survival outcomes. One subtype had worse prognosis and unique immune features, including checkpoint expression and microenvironment differences. Gene signatures and metabolism varied by subtype. NDNF was downregulated in tumors; its overexpression suppressed LUAD cell viability and promoted apoptosis, suggesting tumor-suppressive function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies two LUAD subtypes with distinct molecular and immune features linked to prognosis and therapy response. NDNF downregulation and its tumor-suppressive effects highlight its therapeutic potential. These findings support improved LUAD stratification and personalized treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Implications for practice: </strong>This study reveals two LUAD molecular subtypes with distinct prognoses and immune features, offering a basis for more precise treatment strategies. The identification of NDNF as a potential tumor suppressor suggests its value as both a biomarker and therapeutic target. These findings support improved LUAD stratification and personalized therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of HLA restriction on racial and ethnic disparities in access to immune therapies for advanced synovial sarcoma.","authors":"Vinayak Venkataraman, Hannah R Abrams, David S Shulman, Elizabeth T Loggers, Seth M Pollack, Kelly G Paulson, Michael J Wagner","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Synovial sarcoma (SS) is aggressive with poor outcomes. Cellular therapies are now FDA approved for advanced disease, but are restricted to certain HLA-A*02 alleles. We estimate eligibility to cellular therapies by race and ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Demographic and clinical features of SS cases from 2001 to 2020 were obtained from the United States Cancer Statistics (USCS; NPCR-SEER). Survival analyses were performed overall and by races/ethnicity. The proportion eligible for cellular therapy was estimated by races/ethnicity using previously published data on HLA-A*02 status and MAGE-A4 positivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2001 to 2020, 10,605 patients (48% female, 64% Non-Hispanic White, 17% Hispanic) with SS were identified. The incidence rate was 1.5-1.8/million/person-years and was stable over time, corresponding to an average 530 new cases annually. The most common primary site was the extremity (n = 5,877; 58%), and most patients presented with localized disease (n = 5,753; 54%). The 5-year cause-specific survival was 60% across all races/ethnicities and 79% for localized, 57% for regional, 12% for distant disease. Differences by race and ethnicity were found in the proportions of patients expected to be eligible for HLA-restricted cellular therapies targeting MAGE-A4. People of European/European descent had the highest estimated proportion (25-39%), and people of Asian/Pacific Islander descent had the lowest (11-17%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Engineered T-cells targeting MAGE-A4 have shown encouraging safety and efficacy in advanced SS; however, eligibility restrictions will lead to racial and ethnic disparities. HLA-independent solutions must be developed to counter disparities and ensure all patients have access.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Center Phase II Study of Nab-Paclitaxel Plus Camrelizumab Versus Nab-Paclitaxel Alone as Second-Line Treatment for Advanced Gastric Cancer.","authors":"Li Sun, Zhimin Gong, Lei Wang, Li Kuang, Qiao Huang, Bo Pei, Xianglin Yuan, Hong Qiu","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nab-paclitaxel is a standard second-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer, but the role of PD-1 inhibitors remains uncertain. This multicenter, randomized phase II trial evaluated the efficacy of nab-paclitaxel plus camrelizumab (Cam-NP) versus nab-paclitaxel alone (NP) in patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma resistant to prior treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were randomized to receive either Cam-NP or NP until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or consent withdrawal. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate (ORR), with secondary endpoints including progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>61 patients were randomized, with 58 receiving treatments. At a median follow-up of 34.5 months, the Cam-NP group achieved a significantly higher ORR (33.3% vs. 10.7%; p = 0.039) and longer median PFS (5.62 vs. 4.21 months; p = 0.006). Median response duration also favored Cam-NP (4.64 vs. 2.96 months; p = 0.058). While the Cam-NP group showed a longer OS (9.8 vs. 7.2 months; p = 0.087), this was not statistically significant. The most common grade 3-4 adverse event was hematological toxicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cam-NP significantly improved ORR and PFS compared to NP as a second-line treatment for advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. Larger studies and biomarker exploration are needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}