Oncologist最新文献

{"title":"Different prognosis for stage IIB cervical cancer patients with unilateral or bilateral parametrial invasion treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.","authors":"Xi-Lin Yang, Li-Chun Wei, Jian-Li He, Tie-Jun Wang, Li Ran, Li-Juan Zou, Xiao-Ge Sun, Xiao-Mei Li, Zi Liu, Yong-Gang Shi, Sha Li, Feng-Ju Zhao, Kun Gao, Wei Zhong, Guang-Hui Cheng, Ya-Li Gao, Bao-Sheng Sun, Jun-Fang Yan, Fu-Quan Zhang","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the survival difference between 2018 International Federation of Gynecology and Obsterics (FIGO) stage IIB cervical cancer (CC) patients with Unilateral parametrial invasion (UL) and Bilateral parametrial invasion (BL) disease and explore the significant role of parametrial invasion (PI) in prognosis prediction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 506 stage IIB CC patients were identified from the multi-center study and patients were divided into UL and BL groups according to gynecological and radiological examination. Survival outcomes were estimated and compared between two groups before and after Propensity Scoring Matching (PSM). The role of upper 2/3 vaginal invasion (VI) in impacting survival probability was also assessed. The random forest (RF) model was constructed and validated to select important features related to survival outcomes and predict prognosis for these patients. The SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) was further introduced to provide better understanding towards the findings from RF model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant better 5-year overall survival (OS) was observed among patients with UL disease whether before [BL : 61.7% (95%CI : 57.0%-66.4%); UL : 84.8% (95%CI : 82.4%-87.2%); HR = 2.83, 95%CI : 1.90-4.20, P < 0.001] or after PSM [BL : 61.3% (95%CI : 56.6%-66.0%); UL : 81.2% (95%CI : 77.3%-85.1%); HR = 2.51, 95%CI : 1.56-4.04, P < 0.001]. Similar findings could also be observed in terms of progression free survival (PFS). The presence of VI didn't significantly impair the survival probability whether in UL or BL group (All P > 0.05). RF model was constructed, which possessed decent predictive ability both in the training (AUC = 0.893; 95%CI : 0.874-0.912) and validation cohort (AUC = 0.879; 95%CI : 0.801-0.957). PI was identified to be the paramount feature in affecting the survival outcomes for stage IIB CC patients through the Beeswarm summary plot and bar chart in SHAP analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrated that 2018 FIGO stage IIB CC patients with BL disease had worse prognosis than those with UL disease and PI was the most significant feature in prognosis prediction for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemigatinib for Previously Treated Metastatic or Unresectable Central Nervous System Tumors with FGFR Mutations or Rearrangements: FIGHT-207 Results.","authors":"Iben Spanggaard, Marc Matrana, Caio Rocha Lima, Amit Mahipal, Maria Vieito, Alice Hervieu, Lipika Goyal, Jordi Rodón, Maria Luisa Veronese, Natalia Oliveira, Xin Li, Michael Schaffer, Santosh Kesari","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Central nervous system (CNS) tumors often harbor alterations in genes regulating key cellular pathways, including fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) genes. Here we report the efficacy and safety of treatment with pemigatinib, an oral, potent, selective FGFR1-3 inhibitor, in patients with advanced FGFR-altered CNS tumors. FIGHT-207 was a single-arm, open-label, phase 2 study of pemigatinib in patients with advanced solid tumors harboring FGFR fusions/rearrangements or other mutations. Patients received pemigatinib 13.5 mg once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Endpoints included tumor response and safety. Of the 13 patients with CNS tumors in FIGHT-207, 10 had glioblastoma. FGFR alterations were FGFR3-TACC3 fusions (n = 9), FGFR1 K656E mutations (n = 2), FGFR1 N546K mutation (n = 1), and FGFR1-MITF fusion (n = 1). Three patients (23%) displayed objective responses (1 complete, 2 partial). Safety was consistent with the overall FIGHT-207 population. Pemigatinib had antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile in patients with CNS tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trop2 Expression in Digestive Neoplasms: A Promising Target for Antibody-Drug Conjugates.","authors":"Jinru Yang, Fangyuan Zhang, Xing Cai, Zixuan Ding, Conghua Xie, Hong Qiu","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop2), a transmembrane glycoprotein overexpressed in multiple cancers, plays crucial roles in tumor progression and therapy resistance, yet its expression patterns and clinical significance in digestive cancers remain incompletely characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed a consecutive cohort of 2,370 patients with histologically confirmed digestive cancers (804 gastric [GC], 1,384 colorectal [CRC], and 182 pancreatic cancers [PC]). Comprehensive clinicopathological data were systematically collected. Trop2 expression was quantitatively evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and classified into Trop2-negative, Trop2-low, and Trop2-high based on the product of staining intensity and the proportion of positive tumor cells. Statistical analyses included univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify significant clinicopathological and molecular predictors of Trop2 expression patterns. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between Trop2 expression status (positive [Trop2 intensity ≥ 2] vs. negative) and various clinicopathological features of different tumor types.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Trop2 was widely expressed in digestive cancers, with highest prevalence in PC and GC. Multivariate analysis revealed distinct Trop2 expression patterns in gastrointestinal malignancies. At the pan-cancer level, Trop2 expression significantly correlated with tumor type, SRCC, VI and PNI. Notably, GC showed independent associations with SRCC and intestinal-type Lauren classification; CRC showed VI as the predominant factor associated with Trop2 expression; while PC demonstrated unique correlations with female sex and T1 stage. These findings highlight tumor-type specific regulation of Trop2, providing critical insights for prognostic assessment and targeted therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Trop2 is a promising biomarker for tumor aggressiveness and a potential target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in digestive cancers, particularly in SRCC-rich, metastatic, and invasive subtypes. These findings provide strong rationale for stratifying patient populations in future clinical investigations of Trop2-directed ADC therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare Occurrence of Immunotherapy-Related Gastritis and Duodenitis in a Single Tertiary Medical Center: A Diagnostic Challenge.","authors":"Tal Etan, Iddo Bar-Yishay, Ariel Greenberg, Eli Brazowsky, Miriam R Brezis, Shlomit Strulov Shachar, Mor Miodovnik, Ido Wolf, Yasmin Leshem","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized cancer treatment. While generally well-tolerated, some immune-related adverse events (ir-AEs) can impact patient care, highlighting the need for accurate diagnosis. Immunotherapy-related gastritis and duodenitis (ir-GD) are two rare ir-AEs. Due to their low incidence and non-specific symptoms, standardized diagnostic criteria and evidence-based treatment guidelines are lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) while receiving ICI. Our diagnostic criteria for ir-GD required at least two of three gastritis or duodenitis (GD) criteria (symptoms, EGD findings, or microscopic findings) along with at least one ICI-related criterion. Patients with ir-GD were compared to those without ir-GD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2,553 patients treated with ICI between 2017 and 2023, 62 (2.4%) underwent EGD, of whom nine (0.4%) met the ir-GD diagnostic criteria. Nine other patients (0.4%) had GD unrelated to ICI. Notably, three of the nine patients (33%) with ir-GD had pre-existing inflammatory gastrointestinal conditions, compared to two of 53 patients (4%) in the non-ir-GD cohort (P = 0.019). Patients with ir-GD were significantly more symptomatic (100% vs 58%, P = 0.009). However, no single symptom was specific to ir-GD. While eight of nine (89%) patients with ir-GD were treated with proton pump inhibitors, only three (33%) required corticosteroids. Symptom resolution occurred in all patients, and three patients successfully underwent re-challenge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ir-GD is a rare ir-AE that can be challenging to distinguish from GD caused by other etiologies. Once diagnosed, clinicians may consider non-steroidal treatment approaches in mild cases and, in selected cases, even ICI re-challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illuminating the FGFR Fusion Landscape in Chinese Patients: Unveiling Novel Molecular Insights and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Zhuo Liu, Dandan Zhao, Baoming Wang, Zhenyuan Qian, Zhengchuang Liu, Qiong Yang, Jinhua Tao, Yanxi Shao, Min Lv, Yanxiang Zhang, Jianhua Zhu, Jie Zhang, Wei Li, Xiaojuan Wang, Chunyang Wang, Tonghui Ma, Yuping Zhu","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the increasing approval and ongoing clinical trials of FGFR-targeted therapies, accurately detecting FGFR fusions remains a challenge due to limited research, low incidence rates, complex fusion partner distribution and unique kinase domain distribution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a multicenter study to comprehensively profile FGFR fusions in the largest Chinese pan-cancer cohort to date, comprising 118 FGFR fusions from 114 individuals. Both DNA- and RNA-based sequencing approaches were utilized to reveal novel and fundamental features of FGFR fusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our research reveals an incidence rate of 0.96% for FGFR rearrangements within this Chinese cohort, including a high incidence rate of FGFR fusions (40%) in parotid gland carcinoma. However, this is based on a small sample size of five tumors and should be interpreted cautiously pending validation in larger cohorts. We also uncovered distinct breakpoint distribution patterns across various FGFR rearrangements. For example, a primary breakpoint in intron17 of FGFR2 was predominant (21/22), while FGFR1/3 breakpoints displayed substantial diversity. For the first time, we identified \"hot\" breakpoints in FGFR1 intron17, exon18, and FGFR3's 3' untranslated region. These findings underline the importance of incorporating these regions in targeted sequencing to ensure comprehensive detection of FGFR1/3 fusions. Notably, we observed a predilection for intrachromosomal distribution in common FGFR1/2/3 fusions. In contrast, most novel fusions (12/15) exhibited an interchromosomal distribution pattern, indicating variations in the fusion formation mechanism. Importantly, our study demonstrates the substantial incremental value of RNA-NGS or other orthogonal methods in confirming the functionality of FGFR rearrangements initially identified by DNA sequencing. In our cohort, 46% (6/13) of rare FGFR1/2/3 fusions lacked detectable RNA transcripts; however, this does not definitively indicate non-functionality as factors such as low RNA quality, expression below detection limits, or nonsense-mediated decay may contribute. Therefore, RNA-based validation is critical for accurately identifying potentially targetable FGFR fusions and guiding therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings offer critical novel insights into functional FGFR fusions and bear considerable clinical implications for identifying individuals whose tumors are most likely to respond favorably to FGFR-targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world effectiveness of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome containing regimens in acute myeloid leukemia.","authors":"Tie-Jun Gong, Wei-Ming Li, Li Liu, Yu-Qing Chen, Su-Jun Gao, Wei Yang, Xiao-Yu Zhu, Jian-Chuan Deng, Yan Liu, Jing-Yu Zhang, Xiao-Yan Ge, Hui Li, Xiao-Gang Wang, Yuan-Song Bai, Xiao-Hong Tan, Yi-Cheng Zhang, Peng-Cheng He, Jun-Jie Ma, Yan-Li Yang, Yu-Hu Feng, Xu-Dong Wei, Jian-Yong Li, Lei Fan, Hong-Zhi Xu, Hong-Xiang Wang, Xiao-Jing Yan, Ze-Ping Zhou, Hua Zhong, Ying Zhang, Jun Ma","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome (Lipo-MIT) exhibits encouraging efficacy in treating multiple hematologic malignancies. This study evaluated the real-world efficacy and safety of Lipo-MIT containing regimens in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This non-interventional, ambispective cohort study was conducted at 42 centers in China. Patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory AML who received Lipo-MIT containing regimens were included. The primary endpoint was the composite complete remission (CRc) rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between January 2022 and December 2023, 117 patients with newly diagnosed AML and 122 patients with relapsed/refractory AML were included. The CRc and objective response rates were 84.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 76.8-90.6) and 91.5% (95% CI, 84.8-95.8), respectively, in the newly diagnosed AML, and 45.1% (95% CI, 36.1-54.3) and 55.7% (95% CI, 46.5-64.7), respectively, in relapsed/refractory AML. The 2-year-event-free survival and overall survival rates for newly diagnosed AML were 67.0% (95% CI, 54.4-76.8) and 77.8% (95% CI, 63.8-86.9), respectively, while the rates for relapsed/refractory AML were 23.9% (95% CI, 12.5-37.3) and 56.9% (95% CI, 39.6-70.9), respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses suggested age and the number of prior failed induction therapy cycles as independent prognostic factors for CRc in relapsed/refractory AML (all p < 0.05). Treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were reported in 216 patients (90.4%). Thrombocytopenia (64.4%), leukopenia (63.6%), and neutropenia (60.7%) were the most common AEs of grade 3-4. No treatment-related deaths occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lipo-MIT containing regimens were effective and well-tolerated in AML under real-world circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145281787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Domains of prognostic awareness, quality of life, and psychological distress in patients with advanced cancer.","authors":"Hermioni L Amonoo, Joely Centracchio, Claire Greydanus, Mitchell W Lavoie, Emma P Keane, Joseph A Greer, Elizabeth C Lindenberger, Keri Brenner, Nneka N Ufere, Lara Traeger, Jennifer S Temel, Elyse R Park, Vicki Jackson, Areej El-Jawahri","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prior studies have shown mixed findings regarding the relationship between prognostic awareness with quality of life (QOL) and psychological distress in patients with advanced cancer. Prognostic awareness is a multidimensional construct including a cognitive component (ie, the ability to understand one's life-limiting illness) and an emotional coping component (ie, the capacity to process terminal prognosis). Yet, it remains unclear which domains of prognostic awareness are associated with QOL and psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study of adults with metastatic solid tumors treated with non-curative intent at a single academic center from 11/2019-6/2022. We used the Prognostic Awareness Impact Scale (PAIS) to measure components of prognostic awareness, including the cognitive and emotional coping components. We used the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-G and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to measure QOL and psychological distress, respectively. Linear regression models were used to examine the relationship between the PAIS domains and patient-reported outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 61.9% (632/1021) of eligible patients. Cognitive understanding of prognosis was not associated with QOL (B=-2.3, P = 0.114), anxiety (B = 0.7, P = 0.057), or depression symptoms (B = 0.4, P = 0.293). However, higher emotional coping with prognosis was associated with better QOL (B = 1.7; p < 0.001), lower anxiety (B=-0.6; p < 0.001), and depression (B=-0.3; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients' emotional coping with their prognosis, rather than cognitive acknowledgment of their incurable cancer, was associated with QOL and psychological distress. Our findings underscore patients' ability to tolerate an accurate understanding of their prognosis and the critical need to incorporate effective coping strategies during prognostic discussions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The risk of Radiation-Associated second cancer in patients with cervical cancer following radiotherapy from 1975-2019.","authors":"Shanshan Wang, Xiaojing Yang, Zhongrong Gao, Mengli Zhao, Zhen Li, Yuan Lu, Hua Jiang, Keqin Hua, Jie Fu","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiation-associated second primary malignancies (SPMs) are a significant risk factor affecting the quality of life in long-term cervical cancer survivors. However, the impact of brachytherapy-boost and advanced radiotherapy techniques on the risk of radiation-related SPMs remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized data from the SEER database (1975-2019) to assess the risk of radiation-associated SPMs among cervical cancer patients. Radiation-associated second solid and hematologic malignancies were defined as those diagnosed in survivors living for ≥ 5 years and ≥ 2 years, respectively. The Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard model was employed to compare the risk of SPMs across different groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) was associated with an increased risk of pelvic SPMs (sHR = 2.13; P < 0.001). However, no increased risk was observed for extra-pelvic or hematologic SPMs. For radiotherapy-treated patients, the 15-year cumulative incidence of overall pelvic SPMs significantly declined from 3.92% in 1975-1994 to 2.85% in 1995-2006 (sHR = 0.87; P = 0.036), further decreasing to 2.27% after 2001 compared to those treated in 1975-2001 (sHR = 0.59; P = 0.030). Brachytherapy alone increased the risk of pelvic SPMs (sHR = 3.04; P < 0.001), but the combination of brachytherapy with EBRT did not further elevate the risk of pelvic SPMs (sHR = 1.35; P = 0.092).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The risk of radiation-associated pelvic SPMs has diminished over the past 40 years, and the combination of brachytherapy with EBRT did not further increase the risk of SPMs among cervical cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthy lifestyles, screening, and breast cancer mortality in women with different risk of disease.","authors":"Haomin Yang, Hongli Huang, Tao Zhang, Yanyu Zhang, Shuqing Zou, Pingxiu Zhu, Wei He, Yixuan Lin","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthy lifestyles and screening are the two major interventions to prevent breast cancer mortality. However, their effects have not been compared simultaneously, and it remains unclear whether their benefits differ by women' baseline breast cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted using the UK biobank linked to national cancer registries, including 261,398 women aged 40-70. Hazard ratios (HRs) and population attributable fractions (PAF) for breast cancer mortality were estimated in relation to healthy lifestyle index (HLI) and screening status, using a Cox regression model. We further examined the interaction between HLI, screening and breast cancer risk predictors (Tyrer-Cuzick score and polygenic risk score (PRS), using highest and lowest 20% as high- and low-risk groups) for breast cancer mortality by likelihood ratio (LR) test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women with a high Tyrer-Cuzick score and PRS were associated with increased breast cancer mortality. HLI was inversely associated with breast cancer mortality (HR = 0.55, 95%CI = 0.42-0.72), and the effect didn't differ statistically according to the risk scores. Women who participated in screening programs were at reduced risk of breast cancer mortality (HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.52-0.95), particularly among those women with high Tyrer-Cuzick score (P for interaction = 0.048). The fraction of breast cancer mortality cases that might be prevented (PAF) by screening was 14.27% (95%CI = 4.44-24.09) and by healthy lifestyle was 9.63% (95%CI = 3.10-16.16).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although women with a high PRS or Tyrer-Cuzick score is associated with increased breast cancer mortality, deaths are preventable through changing lifestyles and screening. These findings support personalised, risk-based strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognosis in stage II colorectal cancer: the effect of the primary tumour location and biomarkers - a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Jules Colebunders, Brecht Mullebrouck, Vincent Liégeois, Marc Peeters, Greetje Vanhoutte, Nancy Van Damme, Katleen Janssens, Timon Vandamme","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prognostic impact of primary tumour location (right- vs left-sided) is well-established in stage III/IV colorectal cancer (CRC), with right-sided tumours associated with poorer outcomes. However, its prognostic role in stage II CRC remains unclear. This study investigates whether the worse outcomes observed in advanced right-sided cancers also apply to early-stage CRC, or if they may be influenced by other factors such as patient demographics and molecular biomarkers. Clarifying this could help improve risk stratification in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>For this study, we analysed data of all Belgian patients diagnosed with stage II CRC in 2015-2016 (n = 3.278, data obtained from the Belgian Cancer Registry). Information on primary tumour location, demographics, pathologic T-category, molecular biomarkers (including MSI, BRAF and KRAS status) and overall survival (OS) was collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the univariable analysis, patients with stage II right-sided colon cancer had a significantly worse OS than left-sided colon cancer. Furthermore, advanced age and pT4 were also associated with worse OS. However, in the multivariable analysis, only gender, age, and pathologic T-category significantly affected OS. Primary tumour location was not significantly associated with OS in the multivariable analysis. Furthermore, the molecular biomarkers did not show a significant effect in either analysis. However, due to the limited size of the multivariable cohort, these results should be interpreted with caution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The primary tumour location is not an independent prognostic factor in stage II CRC with a confounding effect of age. Notably, molecular biomarkers did not affect the prognosis in either uni- or multivariable analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145253664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}