Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research最新文献_第5页

Occurrence of Ornithobacterium Rhinotracheale in Polish Turkey Flocks 波兰火鸡禽群中鼻气管炎鸟杆菌的发生

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0014

O. Kursa, G. Tomczyk, Anna Sawicka-Durkalec

{"title":"Occurrence of Ornithobacterium Rhinotracheale in Polish Turkey Flocks","authors":"O. Kursa, G. Tomczyk, Anna Sawicka-Durkalec","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry around the world. The bacterium often affects poultry as part of multiple infections causing very serious clinical signs that are usually not limited only to the respiratory system. This study’s main objective was the retrospective detection and identification of ORT in turkey flocks. Material and Methods ORT identification was performed in 6,225 samples taken from 133 different flocks between 2015 and 2020. Molecular methods were used, specifically real-time PCR and traditional PCR. We focused on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences of isolates, which were compared with sequences obtained from GenBank. The reaction products were analysed phylogenetically. Molecular methods indicating secondary infections was carried out, and the bacterial composition of the upper respiratory tract was 16S metasequenced for selected flocks to identify any other pathogens. Results The presence of ORT was detected in 30.83% of samples by real-time PCR and 28.57% by PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of the PCR products from the turkeys samples showed that their sequences resolved into two main genetic groups. Tests for the occurrence of secondary infections showed the presence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and M. synoviae in some samples but the total absence of Bordetella avium. The upper respiratory tract in turkeys was dominated by two major phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. At the genus level, the genera Ornithobacterium, Mycoplasma, Gallibacterium, Avibacterium, and Escherichia-Shigella were found which may include pathogenic bacteria that can cause clinical symptoms. Conclusion The results of the analysis of multiple infection carried out in flocks with respiratory signs are probably associated with outbreaks of ornithobacteriosis in turkey flocks in Poland.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"77 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90349661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Development of a Real-time TaqMan PCR Assay for The Detection of Porcine Circovirus 4 猪圆环病毒4型实时TaqMan PCR检测方法的建立

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-02-04 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0004

Wanting Chen, Dike Jiang, Lu Xiao, Pengfei Zhang, Yan Luo, Zexiao Yang, X. Yao, Yin Wang, Xulong Wu

{"title":"Development of a Real-time TaqMan PCR Assay for The Detection of Porcine Circovirus 4","authors":"Wanting Chen, Dike Jiang, Lu Xiao, Pengfei Zhang, Yan Luo, Zexiao Yang, X. Yao, Yin Wang, Xulong Wu","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) was first discovered in 2019 in a herd of pigs with porcine respiratory disease, dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome in Hunan Province, China. It has subsequently been detected in other provinces and in South Korea. In consideration of the potential of the virus to cause an epidemic, rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of PCV4 is needed, as is the facilitation of further epidemiological research through elucidation of the whole genome of PCV4. This study had those two aims. Material and Methods Fifty-five blood samples, two pig tissue samples, nine saliva swabs and one semen sample which all originated from Sichuan province pig farms were analysed. The virus’ genome of 1,770 bp was synthesised artificially based on a Chinese reference strain and primers and probes for the ORF2 gene were designed. Then, the amplified target fragment was cloned into the pMD19-T vector and a series of diluted recombinant plasmids were used to generate a standard curve. An optimised real-time TaqMan PCR method was established. Results The results of this study showed that the established method is specific for PCV4 but not for other viruses, and has amplification efficiency of 99.6%, a regression squared value (R2) of 1.000 and a detection limit of 2.2×10 DNA copies. This method was shown to be analytically specific and sensitive with a low intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation (<1.67 %). Of a total of 67 clinical samples tested using the established method, three were shown to be positive (4%). Conclusion This study confirms the existence of PCV4 in Sichuan and provides a promising alternative tool for rapid detection of PCV4.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"287 1 1","pages":"29 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72905143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Field Trial of Antibody Response To Inactivated Bacterial Vaccine in Young Holstein Calves: Influence of Animal Health Status 雏牛对细菌灭活疫苗抗体反应的现场试验:对动物健康状况的影响

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-02-04 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0003

Kazusa Mori, K. Otomaru, Toshihide Kato, Osamu Yokota, H. Ohtsuka

{"title":"Field Trial of Antibody Response To Inactivated Bacterial Vaccine in Young Holstein Calves: Influence of Animal Health Status","authors":"Kazusa Mori, K. Otomaru, Toshihide Kato, Osamu Yokota, H. Ohtsuka","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the primary causes of death in young calves. Vaccination against infection by the common bacteria causing BRD is possible; however, the physical condition of the young calves that enables antibody production when stimulated by early immunisation remains to be elucidated. Material and Methods Healthy young female Holstein calves on a commercial dairy farm were fed a colostrum replacer and administered primary and booster immunisations with an inactivated vaccine against the bacterial pneumonia agents Histophilus somni, Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica. At each immunisation, the body weight and height at the withers were measured and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Blood was sampled immediately before immunisation and 3 weeks following the booster. The calves were divided into positive and negative groups based on the antibody titre at the final blood sampling. Maternal antibody titres at the primary immunisation and BMI, nutritional status and oxidative stress at both immunisations were compared between the two groups. Results Antibody titre at the primary and BMI at both immunisations were significantly higher in the positive than in the negative group (P < 0.05). Additionally, serum gamma globulin was significantly higher in the positive group (P < 0.05), indicating a strong correlation between maternal antibody and serum gamma globulin levels. Conclusion Elevated maternal antibody titre and higher BMI are positive factors for successful early immunisation, for which suitable colostrum may also be fundamental in young calves administered inactivated vaccines.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"109 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81039578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effective Control of Johne’s Disease in Large Czech Dairy Herds 捷克大型奶牛群约翰氏病的有效控制

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0001

V. Fichtelová, A. Králová, V. Babak, K. Kovařčík

{"title":"Effective Control of Johne’s Disease in Large Czech Dairy Herds","authors":"V. Fichtelová, A. Králová, V. Babak, K. Kovařčík","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Johne’s disease, caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), causes economic losses in dairy herds due to reduced milk production and premature culling. A test-and-cull strategy coupled with changes in calf rearing management preventing new infections has been introduced into infected herds to control MAP prevalence. This study appraised the effectiveness of these practice changes. Material and Methods In 19 large dairy herds (of a median 470 milk-producing cows), implementing MAP control measures for 3–7 years, a serum ELISA was used to detect infected cows in their dry-off period. The number of ELISA-positive animals per year (EPAY) was calculated and statistical analysis was used to test whether the EPAY total decreased during the control period and to analyse the EPAY in relationship to the duration of the control programme. Results Statistical support was found for a decrease of EPAY over time (P < 0.01, odds ratio 0.756) and in 14 herds a significant fall in the percentages of EPAY during the test period (P ≤ 0.05) was noted. Conclusion Our results demonstrated the effectiveness of the control measures in place to reduce MAP infection in herds with initial EPAY ≥3.36%. The missing decreasing trend in the remaining five herds with low average initial EPAY suggested the need for additional measures to reduce the number of infected animals in these herds.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"46 20","pages":"61 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72441635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Comparison of Microscopy, Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosoma Evansi, and Real-time PCR in The Diagnosis of Trypanosomosis in Dromedary Camels of The Abu Dhabi Emirate, UAE 阿布扎比酋长国单峰骆驼锥虫病的显微镜、卡凝集试验和实时荧光定量PCR诊断比较

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0002

S. Habeeba, Rashid A Khan, Hassan Zackaria, Saeed Yammahi, Zulaikha Mohamed, Wissam Sobhi, A. Abdelkader, M. Alhosani, S. A. Muhairi

{"title":"Comparison of Microscopy, Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosoma Evansi, and Real-time PCR in The Diagnosis of Trypanosomosis in Dromedary Camels of The Abu Dhabi Emirate, UAE","authors":"S. Habeeba, Rashid A Khan, Hassan Zackaria, Saeed Yammahi, Zulaikha Mohamed, Wissam Sobhi, A. Abdelkader, M. Alhosani, S. A. Muhairi","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Trypanosomosis is an important disease of dromedary camels caused by the pathogenic protozoan Trypanosoma evansi. This study aimed to compare three different tests for its diagnosis in this species: conventional microscopy, the card agglutination test for trypanosomosis/T. evansi (CATT/T. evansi) and real-time PCR. Material and Methods Whole blood and serum samples collected from 77 dromedary camels of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, were analysed with the test methods stated. Statistical analysis was done using McNemar’s chi-squared test, and Cohen’s kappa index (κ) was calculated. Results We obtained results with positivity of 18% (14/77) by microscopy, 22% by CATT (17/77) and 60% (46/77) by real-time PCR, with the chain reaction detecting at a respectively three- and two-fold greater rate than the other techniques. Analysis of the data revealed a relative sensitivity of 30.4% and 37.0% for microscopy and CATT, respectively, compared to real-time PCR. The difference between the real-time PCR’s sensitivity and those of the other methods was statistically significant, with X2 values of 30.03 and 20.1, respectively (df = 1 and P = 0.05 in both cases). Agreement of microscopy results with those of with CATT was good (κ = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.62–0.82). Cohen’s kappa index showed fair agreement of real-time PCR with microscopy (κ = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.16–0.36) whereas it was in poor agreement with CATT (κ = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.02–0.15). Conclusion Real-time PCR was found to be more sensitive than microscopy and CATT.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"125 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82147626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Updated distribution and host records for the argasid tick Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) zumpti: A potential vector of African swine fever virus in South Africa. 非洲猪瘟病毒在南非的一种潜在媒介——紫斑鸟蜱的最新分布和寄主记录。

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2021-12-09 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1960

Anthony F Craig, Livio Heath, Jan E Crafford, Juergen A Richt, Robert Swanepoel

{"title":"Updated distribution and host records for the argasid tick Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) zumpti: A potential vector of African swine fever virus in South Africa.","authors":"Anthony F Craig, Livio Heath, Jan E Crafford, Juergen A Richt, Robert Swanepoel","doi":"10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1960","url":null,"abstract":"African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a lethal and contagious disease of domestic pigs. In South Africa, the virus historically circulated in warthogs and ornithodorid ticks that were only found in warthog burrows in the north of the country. Regulations implemented in 1935 to prevent transfer of infected animals or products to the south initially proved effective but from 2016 there have been outbreaks of disease in the south that cannot be traced to transfer of infection from the north. From 1963 there were widespread translocations of warthogs to the south, initially from a source considered to be free of ornithodorid ticks. We undertook to determine whether sylvatic circulation of ASFV occurs in the south, including identification of potential new vectors, through testing extralimital warthogs for antibody and ticks for virus. Results of testing warthogs for antibody and other species of ticks for virus will be presented separately. Here we report finding Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) zumpti ticks in warthog burrows for the first time. This occurred in the Eastern Cape Province (ECP) in 2019. Since African swine fever was recognised in the ECP for the first time in 2020 and outbreaks of the disease in domestic pigs continue to occur there, priority should be given to determining the distribution range and vector potential of O. (P.) zumpti for ASFV.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"88 1","pages":"e1-e4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8678965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39595803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Epidemiology and microscopic diagnosis of tuberculosis in pigs and small ruminants slaughtered at Bobo-Dioulasso abattoir, Burkina Faso. 布基纳法索Bobo-Dioulasso屠宰场屠宰的猪和小反刍动物结核病的流行病学和显微诊断。

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1908

Adama Sanou, Amadou Dicko, Kadiatou R Sow, Arthur Djibougou, Antoinette Kabore, Bassirou Diarra, Arsène K Ouedraogo, Dezemon Zingue, Moumini Nouctara, Zekiba Tarnagda

{"title":"Epidemiology and microscopic diagnosis of tuberculosis in pigs and small ruminants slaughtered at Bobo-Dioulasso abattoir, Burkina Faso.","authors":"Adama Sanou, Amadou Dicko, Kadiatou R Sow, Arthur Djibougou, Antoinette Kabore, Bassirou Diarra, Arsène K Ouedraogo, Dezemon Zingue, Moumini Nouctara, Zekiba Tarnagda","doi":"10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1908","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonotic, infectious, chronic and contagious disease, caused by Mycobacterium bovis that mainly affects cattle. This pathology has a negative impact on animals and animal products trade. Unfortunately, in Burkina Faso where agriculture and livestock sectors represent around 80% of the socio-economic activities, the real situation of the disease is not well known especially in small ruminants and swine. Thus, our study focused on both the epidemiology and the microbiological diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in small ruminants and pigs slaughtered at Bobo-Dioulasso abattoir. A prospective study was conducted between August 2017 and December 2017. Epidemiological data collection was performed during routine meat inspection; moreover, samples were taken and transported to the Bacteriology laboratory of Centre Muraz for microbiological analyses. This diagnosis consisted in search of Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) using the hot Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Out of a total of 14 648 small ruminants and 2430 pigs slaughtered during the study period, 156 and 17 had lesions suggestive of bTB with prevalence of 1.07% and 0.7%, respectively. Females and those between 2 and 4 years old were mainly infected. The most affected organs were: lungs, liver, spleen and lymph nodes. Finally, microscopy revealed 43.35% (75/173) of positive cases for AFB. These results confirm the presence of bTB in small ruminants and pigs in Burkina Faso. Efforts must still be made in the fight against this zoonosis in order to limit its economic and public health impacts.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"88 1","pages":"e1-e6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8678950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39580669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in the pig-production chain in Ibadan, Nigeria. 尼日利亚伊巴丹猪生产链中出现耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌。

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1959

Opeyemi U Lawal, Abimbola O Adekanmbi, Olawale O Adelowo

{"title":"Occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in the pig-production chain in Ibadan, Nigeria.","authors":"Opeyemi U Lawal, Abimbola O Adekanmbi, Olawale O Adelowo","doi":"10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1959","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus species colonises humans and animals and is a major food contaminant with public health significance. Here, we assessed the occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) in the pig-production chain in Ibadan, Nigeria. Nares of 120 pigs and 10 farmers were sampled with sterile swabs whilst 54 pork samples were collected from a retail slaughterhouse. Staphylococcus species were isolated using enrichment, cefoxitin-aztreonam selective broth and Mannitol salt agar. Isolates were tested for susceptibility to cefoxitin (30 μg), oxacillin (1 μg) and vancomycin (30 μg). Methicillin-resistant staphylococci isolates were characterised using conventional biochemical tests. From 184 samples, 364 staphylococcal isolates were obtained. Amongst the 54 pork samples, 44.0% were contaminated with Staphylococcus species. Overall, 9 (2.5%) MRS were obtained and presumptively identified as Staphylococcus xylosus (n = 3), Staphylococcus sciuri (n = 3), Staphylococcus warneri (n = 2) and Staphylococcus cohnii (n = 1). There was no relationship between the prevalence of MRS between pigs and pig handlers in the farms, but Farm 2 had the highest frequency of 66.7% (p 0.05). Piglets had the highest prevalence of 66.7% (p 0.05) whilst MRS was absent in workers and pork samples. This study raises concerns about the cross-contamination of staphylococci in the food chain. Constant surveillance is imperative to ensure food safety.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"88 1","pages":"e1-e4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8661277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39580668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The spread and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in South African dairy herds - A review. 金黄色葡萄球菌在南非奶牛群中的传播和耐药性研究综述。

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1937

Joanne Karzis, Inge-Marie Petzer, Vinny Naidoo, Edward F Donkin

{"title":"The spread and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in South African dairy herds - A review.","authors":"Joanne Karzis, Inge-Marie Petzer, Vinny Naidoo, Edward F Donkin","doi":"10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1937","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus is internationally recognised as a principal agent of mastitis and the foremost reason for economic loss in the dairy industry. The limited data available on organism-specific antibiotic resistance surveillance in dairy cattle have stimulated the need for such a review article. The objective of this study was to review relevant literature on antimicrobial resistance of mastitis-causing staphylococci isolated from dairy cows in South Africa compared to other countries. Factors relating to the incidence of mastitis and treatment strategies in terms of the One Health concept and food security were included. The Web of Science (all databases) and relevant websites were used, and articles not written in English were excluded. The incidence of mastitis varied between South Africa and other countries. Antimicrobial resistance patterns caused by S. aureus also varied in regions within Southern Africa and those of other countries although some similarities were shown. Antimicrobial resistance differed between S. aureus bacteria that were maltose positive and negative (an emerging pathogen). The results highlighted the importance of the availability of organism-specific surveillance data of the incidence of mastitis and antibiotic resistance for specific countries and within similar climatic conditions. Accurate knowledge about whether a specific pathogen is resistant to an antibiotic within a certain climate, country, area or farm should reduce the incidence of unnecessary or incorrect treatment with antibiotics. This should enable dairy farmers to deal with these organisms in a more effective manner. Therefore such research should be ongoing.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"88 1","pages":"e1-e10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8603139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39905907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Review of African swine fever outbreaks history in South Africa: From 1926 to 2018. 南非非洲猪瘟暴发历史回顾:1926年至2018年。

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1919

Ciza A Mushagalusa, Eric Etter, Mary-Louise Penrith

{"title":"Review of African swine fever outbreaks history in South Africa: From 1926 to 2018.","authors":"Ciza A Mushagalusa, Eric Etter, Mary-Louise Penrith","doi":"10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1919","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews the outbreaks and distribution of African swine fever (ASF) in South Africa since the first probable outbreak that occurred in the Koedoesrand Ward in 1926. Retrospective data on the ASF outbreaks in South Africa were obtained from the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) disease database and the South African veterinary services annual reports in addition to published articles and online sources. South Africa has experienced many outbreaks that can be divided into 2 time periods: the period before the development of the OIE diseases database (1993) and the period after. More than 141 outbreaks of ASF were reported during the first period. Since the development of OIE disease database, 72 outbreaks directly involving 2968 cases, 2187 dead and 2358 killed pigs mainly in smallholder pig farms were reported. The median number of cases for a given ASF outbreak is 17, but in 50% of outbreaks no pigs were killed for prevention. The most important ASF outbreak was reported in April 2014 in the Greater Zeerust district (North West province) involving 326 cases and 1462 killed pigs. However, the outbreak with highest mortality involving 250 pigs was reported in 2016 (Free State province). According to phylogenetic analysis, nine p72 genotypes (I, III, IV, VII, VIII, XIX, XX, XXI and XXII) have been identified in South Africa. Season-wise, more outbreaks were recorded during summer. It was also observed that the OIE disease database could contain errors that would have been introduced through compiled forms at country level. Spatiotemporal studies on ASF outbreaks in South Africa are therefore required in order to assess statistically and quantitatively the clustering of outbreaks over space and time.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"88 1","pages":"e1-e10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8517827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39507422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6