Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research最新文献_第4页

Acknowledgement to reviewers. 感谢审稿人。

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v89i1.2086

Editorial Office

引用次数: 0

Propagation of avian influenza virus in embryonated ostrich eggs. 禽流感病毒在鸵鸟胚中的繁殖。

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v89i1.2011

Agnes T Laleye, Modupeore Adeyemi, Celia Abolnik

{"title":"Propagation of avian influenza virus in embryonated ostrich eggs.","authors":"Agnes T Laleye, Modupeore Adeyemi, Celia Abolnik","doi":"10.4102/ojvr.v89i1.2011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v89i1.2011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are typically isolated and cultured by successive passages using 9- to 11-day-old embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs) and in 14-day old ECEs for virus mutational studies. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction tests (RT-PCRs) are commonly used for IAV diagnosis, but virus isolation remains invaluable in terms of its high sensitivity, providing viable isolates for further studies and the ability to distinguish between viable and nonviable virus. Efforts at isolating ostrich-origin IAVs from RT-PCR positive specimens using ECEs have often been unsuccessful, raising the possibility of a species bottleneck, whereby ostrich-adapted IAVs may not readily infect and replicate in ECEs, yet the capacity of an ostrich embryo to support the replication of influenza viruses has not been previously demonstrated. This study describes an optimised method for H5 and H7 subtype IAV isolation and propagation in 28-day old embryonated ostrich eggs (EOEs), the biological equivalent of 14-day old ECEs. The viability of EOEs transported from breeding sites could be maximised by pre-incubating the eggs for 12 to 14 days prior to long-distance transportation. This method applied to studies for ostrich-adapted virus isolation and in ovo studies will enable better understanding of the virus-host interaction in ostriches and the emergence of potentially zoonotic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"89 1","pages":"e1-e6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9772752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10795275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing allele-specific expression in Sistani cattle and its crossbreds with Holstein, Simmental, and Montbeliarde Sistani牛及其与荷斯坦、西门塔尔和蒙贝利亚德杂交牛等位基因特异性表达的比较

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v89i1.2041

Rasoul Farzaneh Dizaj, M. Amin-Afshar, S. Esmaeilkhanian, Nasser Emamjomeh-Kashan, M. H. Banabazi

引用次数: 0

Effect of Serial in Vivo Passages on The Adaptation of H1N1 Avian Influenza Virus To Pigs 猪体内连续传代对H1N1禽流感病毒适应性的影响

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0013

K. Urbaniak, A. Kowalczyk, M. Pomorska-Mól, K. Kwit, I. Markowska-Daniel

{"title":"Effect of Serial in Vivo Passages on The Adaptation of H1N1 Avian Influenza Virus To Pigs","authors":"K. Urbaniak, A. Kowalczyk, M. Pomorska-Mól, K. Kwit, I. Markowska-Daniel","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The lack of proofreading activity of the viral polymerase and the segmented nature of the influenza A virus (IAV) genome are responsible for the genetic diversity of IAVs and for their ability to adapt to a new host. We tried to adapt avian IAV (avIAV) to the pig by serial passages in vivo and assessed the occurrence of point mutations and their influence on viral fitness in the pig’s body. Material and Methods A total of 25 in vivo avIAV passages of the A/duck/Bavaria/77 strain were performed by inoculation of 50 piglets, and after predetermined numbers of passages 20 uninoculated piglets were exposed to the virus through contact with inoculated animals. Clinical signs of swine influenza were assessed daily. Nasal swabs and lung tissue were used to detect IAV RNA by real-time RT-PCR and isolates from selected passages were sequenced. Results Apart from a rise in rectal temperature and a sporadic cough, no typical clinical signs were observed in infected pigs. The original strain required 20 passages to improve its replication ability noticeably. A total of 29 amino-acid substitutions were identified. Eighteen of them were detected in the first sequenced isolate, of which 16 were also in all other analysed strains. Additional mutations were detected with more passages. One substitution, threonine (T) 135 to serine (S) in neuraminidase (NA), was only detected in an IAV isolate from a contact-exposed piglet. Conclusion Passaging 25 times allowed us to obtain a partially swine-adapted IAV. The improvement in isolate replication ability was most likely related to S654 to glycine (G) substitution in the basic protein (PB) 1 as well as to aspartic acid (D) 701 to asparagine (N) and arginine (R) 477 to G in PB2, glutamic acid (E) 204 to D and G239E in haemagglutinin and T135S in NA.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"9 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81556388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic and Pathogenic Characterisation of a Virulent Akabane Virus Isolated from Goats in Yunnan, China 从云南山羊分离的一种强毒Akabane病毒的遗传和致病特性

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0007

Huanan Gao, Jinping Wang, Z. Yang, Jiarui Xie, Yuwen He, Q. Hong, A. Xin

{"title":"Genetic and Pathogenic Characterisation of a Virulent Akabane Virus Isolated from Goats in Yunnan, China","authors":"Huanan Gao, Jinping Wang, Z. Yang, Jiarui Xie, Yuwen He, Q. Hong, A. Xin","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Akabane virus (AKAV) has been detected in a variety of host species in China, but there are only limited records of its occurrence in goats. However, more attention needs to be paid to understanding the diversity of viruses in this species. The aim of the study was to explore the genotype characteristics and variation trend of AKAV and their relationship with virulence in Yunnan, China. Material and Methods Blood samples were collected from goats during routine surveillance of goat diseases in Yunnan province in 2019. The AKAV CX-01 strain was isolated using BHK-21 cells. To understand pathogenicity, the virus was intraperitoneally (IP) and intracerebrally (IC) inoculated into suckling mice and tissue samples were subsequently analysed histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Results Akabane virus CX-01 strain induced encephalitis and impairment of the central nervous system with fatal consequences. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ORF sequences of the small segments indicated that the AKAV isolate used was most closely related to the GD18134/2018 Chinese midge and bovine NM BS/1strains, while phylogenetic analysis based on the medium segments showed a close relationship between CX-01 and the Chinese GLXCH01 strain. Conclusion The CX-01 isolate was related to AKAV genogroup Ia and probably originated from a recombination of different strains.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"68 1","pages":"35 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73174461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A New Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Serological Diagnosis of Seal Parapoxvirus Infection in Marine Mammals 一种新的用于海洋哺乳动物海豹副痘病毒感染血清学诊断的酶联免疫吸附试验

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0005

Y. Badr, M. M. Rahman, Y. Ohno, Keita Ishijima, Ken Maeda, K. Kohyama, Y. Kamatari, K. Shimizu, Ayaka Okada, Y. Inoshima

{"title":"A New Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Serological Diagnosis of Seal Parapoxvirus Infection in Marine Mammals","authors":"Y. Badr, M. M. Rahman, Y. Ohno, Keita Ishijima, Ken Maeda, K. Kohyama, Y. Kamatari, K. Shimizu, Ayaka Okada, Y. Inoshima","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Seal parapoxvirus (SPPV) infection has been reported among pinnipeds in aquaria in Japan; however, its seroprevalence is unknown. Therefore, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for serological diagnosis of SPPV infection. Material and Methods The gene encoding the major envelope protein of SPPV was cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pAcGFP1-N1, which encodes the green fluorescence protein (GFP), thereby producing a fusion protein (Env-GFP). Parental and cloned vector DNA was independently transfected into cultured seal cells for the expression of GFP and Env-GFP. The wells of an ELISA plate were coated with either GFP- or Env-GFP-transfected cell lysates. The light absorbance of each serum sample was adjusted by subtracting the absorbance of GFP-coated wells from that of Env-GFP-coated wells. Sera from two spotted seals (Phoca largha), six beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas), three Pacific white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens), and ten bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from an aquarium in Japan were examined using the ELISA. Results Positive reactions were not observed, except in one preserved sample collected ten years ago from a naturally SPPV-infected spotted seal. Conclusion The established ELISA could be useful in screening marine mammal sera for anti-SPPV antibodies.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"99 1","pages":"43 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90304308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0009

Chaowei Deng, Tingting Zhu, S. Lian, Jianfa Wang, Rui Wu, Jia-san Zheng

{"title":"Estrogen-related Receptor α (ERRα) Functions in The Hypoxic Injury of Microglial Cells","authors":"Chaowei Deng, Tingting Zhu, S. Lian, Jianfa Wang, Rui Wu, Jia-san Zheng","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Hypoxia is a common pathological condition after spinal cord injury. Oestrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα), as a key regulator of energy metabolism and mitochondrial functions, plays an important role in maintaining cell homeostasis. However, its role in hypoxic spinal microglia has not been fully elaborated. This study investigated the receptor’s activity when these cells are hypoxic and used as an in vitro model. Material and Methods In this study, microglia (BV2) were exposed to cobalt chloride as a hypoxic model, and the inverse agonist of ERRα, XCT790, and pyrido[1,2-α]-pyrimidin-4-one were used to regulate the expression of the receptor to explore the ERRα-related mechanisms involved in hypoxic spinal cord injury (SCI). Results ERRα promoted autophagy in BV2 cells and inhibited the activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the expression of anti-inflammatory factors under hypoxic conditions. It also promoted the expression of fibronectin type III domain containing protein 5 (FNDC5). Conclusion When a hypoxic SCI occurs, ERRα may maintain the homeostasis of spinal cord nerve cells by regulating autophagy and the p38MAPK/nuclear factor-kappa B cell and FNDC5/brain-derived neurotrophic factor signalling pathways, which are beneficial to the recovery of these cells.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"131 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91003076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5Nx in Poland in 2020/2021: a Descriptive Epidemiological Study of a Large-scale Epidemic 波兰2020/2021年高致病性禽流感H5Nx:大规模疫情的描述性流行病学研究

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0017

K. Śmietanka, Edyta Świętoń, K. Wyrostek, E. Kozak, K. Tarasiuk, Natalia Styś-Fijoł, Kamila Dziadek, K. Niemczuk

{"title":"Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5Nx in Poland in 2020/2021: a Descriptive Epidemiological Study of a Large-scale Epidemic","authors":"K. Śmietanka, Edyta Świętoń, K. Wyrostek, E. Kozak, K. Tarasiuk, Natalia Styś-Fijoł, Kamila Dziadek, K. Niemczuk","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks caused by the Gs/Gd lineage of H5Nx viruses occur in Poland with increased frequency. The article provides an update on the HPAI situation in the 2020/2021 season and studies the possible factors that caused the exceptionally fast spread of the virus. Material and Methods Samples from poultry and wild birds delivered for HPAI diagnosis were tested by real-time RT-PCR and a representative number of detected viruses were submitted for partial or full-genome characterisation. Information yielded by veterinary inspection was used for descriptive analysis of the epidemiological situation. Results The scale of the epidemic in the 2020/2021 season was unprecedented in terms of duration (November 2020–August 2021), number of outbreaks in poultry (n = 357), wild bird events (n = 92) and total number of affected domestic birds (approximately ~14 million). The major drivers of the virus spread were the harsh winter conditions in February 2020 followed by the introduction of the virus to high-density poultry areas in March 2021. All tested viruses belonged to H5 clade 2.3.4.4b with significant intra-clade diversity and in some cases clearly distinguished clusters. Conclusion The HPAI epidemic in 2020/2021 in Poland struck with unprecedented force. The conventional control measures may have limited effectiveness to break the transmission chain in areas with high concentrations of poultry.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89182940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

ASF -survivors’ Sera Do Not Inhibit African Swine Fever Virus Replication in Vitro 非洲猪瘟幸存者血清体外不抑制非洲猪瘟病毒复制

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0016

M. Walczak, M. Juszkiewicz, K. Szymankiewicz, A. Szczotka-Bochniarz, G. Woźniakowski

{"title":"ASF -survivors’ Sera Do Not Inhibit African Swine Fever Virus Replication in Vitro","authors":"M. Walczak, M. Juszkiewicz, K. Szymankiewicz, A. Szczotka-Bochniarz, G. Woźniakowski","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes one of the most dangerous diseases of pigs and wild boar – African swine fever (ASF). Since its second introduction into Europe (in 2007), the disease has been spreading consistently, and now ASF-free European countries are at risk. Complex interactions between the host’s immune system and the virus have long prevented the development of a safe vaccine against ASF. This study analysed the possibility of neutralisation of the ASFV in vitro by sera collected from ASF-survivor animals. Material and Methods Two pig and three wild boar serum samples were collected from previously selected potential ASF survivors. All sera presented high antibody titres (>5 log10/mL). Primary alveolar macrophages were cultured in growth medium containing 10% and 20% concentrations of selected sera and infected with a haemadsorbing ASFV strain (Pol18_28298_O111, genotype II). The progress of infection was investigated under a light microscope by observing the cytopathic effect (CPE) and the haemadsorption phenomenon. Growth kinetics were investigated using a real-time PCR assay. Results Haemadsorption inhibition was detected in the presence of almost all selected sera; however, the inhibition of virus replication in vitro was excluded. In all samples, a CPE and decreasing quantification cycle values of the viral DNA were found. Conclusion Anti-ASFV antibodies alone are not able to inhibit virus replication. Interactions between the humoral and cellular immune response which effectively combat the disease are implicated in an ASF-survivor’s organism.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"21 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86962450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Dirofilaria Repens in Dogs and Humans in Slovenia 斯洛维尼亚的狗和人出现了Dirofilaria

IF 2.7 3区农林科学

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0008

T. Kotnik, A. V. Rataj, B. Šoba

{"title":"Dirofilaria Repens in Dogs and Humans in Slovenia","authors":"T. Kotnik, A. V. Rataj, B. Šoba","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2022-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The prevalence of Dirofilaria repens in dogs in countries bordering Slovenia ranges from 1.5% to 47.3%. The aim of this study was to estimate its prevalence in Slovenian dogs and to present the cases of dirofilariasis diagnosed in humans from 2010 to 2020. Material and Methods Epidemiological data were collected and blood samples were taken from 465 dogs older than one year and born in Slovenia. A real-time PCR was performed on all samples to detect filarioid DNA, and a D. repens-and D. immitis-specific real-time PCR was performed on positive samples. Blood samples from 446 dogs were tested for Dirofilaria spp. using a modified Knott’s test. Human cases were diagnosed from histological sections of excised subcutaneous nodules. Descriptive statistics were used to characterise the samples. The one-sample nonparametric chi-squared test was used to assess whether categories of a variable were equally distributed. Results Three dogs’ samples tested positive for D. repens using the species-specific real-time PCR, while D. immitis DNA was not detected. The modified Knott’s test was positive in two of the three PCR-positive dogs, two of which had never travelled outside Slovenia’s borders. Four human patients with D. repens dirofilariasis were diagnosed. Since their travel history was unknown, autochthonous transmission could not be confirmed. Conclusion Our study demonstrated a 0.64% prevalence of D. repens infection in dogs in Slovenia. Two cases could be autochthonous.","PeriodicalId":54685,"journal":{"name":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"117 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87103368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1