Physiological and Biochemical Zoology最新文献_第2页

Stopovers Serve Physiological Recovery in Migratory Songbirds. 中途停留为候鸟的生理恢复服务。

IF 1.6 3区生物学

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1086/726788

Cas Eikenaar, Alessia Ostolani, Sven Hessler, Ellen Y Ye, Thiemo Karwinkel, Caroline Isaksson

{"title":"Stopovers Serve Physiological Recovery in Migratory Songbirds.","authors":"Cas Eikenaar, Alessia Ostolani, Sven Hessler, Ellen Y Ye, Thiemo Karwinkel, Caroline Isaksson","doi":"10.1086/726788","DOIUrl":"10.1086/726788","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractMigrating birds perform extreme endurance exercise when flying. This shifts the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant defense system toward the former, potentially generating oxidative damages. In between migratory flights, birds make stopovers, where besides accumulating fuel (mainly fats), they are assumed to rest and recover from the strenuous flight. We performed a series of studies on both temporarily caged (northern wheatears) and free-flying (northern wheatears and European robins) migrants to investigate whether migrants recover during stopover by decreasing the amount of oxidative lipid damage (malondialdehyde [MDA]) and/or increasing the total nonenzymatic antioxidant capacity (AOX). In caged wheatears, MDA decreased within a single day. These birds were able to simultaneously accumulate considerable amounts of fuel. Also, in the free-flying wheatears, there was a decrease in MDA during stopover; however, this process seemed incompatible with refueling. The reason for this difference could relate to constraints in the wild that are absent in caged birds, such as food limitation/composition and locomotor activity. In the robins, there was a near significant decrease in MDA concentration in relation to how long the birds were already at stopover, suggesting that this species also physiologically recovers during stopover. AOX did not change during stopover in either of the wheatear studies. For the robins, however, uric acid-corrected AOX declined during stopover. Our results show that during stopover, migrating birds rapidly reduce oxidative lipid damage, thereby likely recovering their physiological state. In addition to the commonly accepted function of refueling, stopovers thus probably serve physiological recovery.","PeriodicalId":54609,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10253217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid Physiological Plasticity in Response to Cold Acclimation for Nonnative Italian Wall Lizards (Podarcis siculus) from New York. 来自纽约的非本地意大利壁蜥蜴（Podarcis siculus）对冷适应的快速生理可塑性。

IF 1.6 3区生物学

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1086/726163

Daniel Haro, Gregory B Pauly, Heather E M Liwanag

{"title":"Rapid Physiological Plasticity in Response to Cold Acclimation for Nonnative Italian Wall Lizards (Podarcis siculus) from New York.","authors":"Daniel Haro, Gregory B Pauly, Heather E M Liwanag","doi":"10.1086/726163","DOIUrl":"10.1086/726163","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThermal physiology helps us understand how ectotherms respond to novel environments and how they persist when introduced to new locations. Researchers generally measure thermal physiology traits immediately after animal collection or after a short acclimation period. Because many of these traits are plastic, the conclusions drawn from such research can vary depending on the duration of the acclimation period. In this study, we measured the rate of change and extent to which cold tolerance (critical thermal minimum [CTmin]) of nonnative Italian wall lizards (Podarcis siculus) from Hempstead, New York, changed during a cold acclimation treatment. We also examined how cold acclimation affected heat tolerance (critical thermal maximum [CTmax]), thermal preference (Tpref), evaporative water loss (EWL), resting metabolic rate (RMR), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER). We predicted that CTmin, CTmax, and Tpref would decrease with cold acclimation but that EWL and RMR would increase with cold acclimation. We found that CTmin decreased within 2 wk and that it remained low during the cold acclimation treatment; we suspect that this cold tolerance plasticity reduces risk of exposure to lethal temperatures during winter for lizards that have not yet found suitable refugia. CTmax and Tpref also decreased after cold acclimation, while EWL, RMR, and RER increased after cold acclimation, suggesting trade-offs with cold acclimation in the form of decreased heat tolerance and increased energy demands. Taken together, our findings suggest that cold tolerance plasticity aids the persistence of an established population of invasive lizards. More generally, our findings highlight the importance of accounting for the plasticity of physiological traits when investigating how invasive species respond to novel environments.","PeriodicalId":54609,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10253224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

House Sparrows Vary Seasonally in Their Ability to Transmit West Nile Virus. 家雀传播西尼罗河病毒的能力随季节而变化。

IF 1.6 3区生物学

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1086/725888

Kyle K Koller, Meredith E Kernbach, Darrys Reese, Thomas R Unnasch, Lynn B Martin

{"title":"House Sparrows Vary Seasonally in Their Ability to Transmit West Nile Virus.","authors":"Kyle K Koller, Meredith E Kernbach, Darrys Reese, Thomas R Unnasch, Lynn B Martin","doi":"10.1086/725888","DOIUrl":"10.1086/725888","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractSeasonality in infectious disease prevalence is predominantly attributed to changes in exogenous risk factors. For vectored pathogens, high abundance, activity, and/or diversity of vectors can exacerbate disease risk for hosts. Conversely, many host defenses, particularly immune responses, are seasonally variable. Seasonality in host defenses has been attributed, in part, to the proximate (i.e., metabolic) and ultimate (i.e., reproductive fitness) costs of defense. In this study, our goal was to discern whether any seasonality is observable in how a common avian host, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus), copes with a common zoonotic arbovirus, the West Nile virus (WNV), when hosts are studied under controlled conditions. We hypothesized that if host biorhythms play a role in vector-borne disease seasonality, birds would be most vulnerable to WNV when breeding and/or molting (i.e., when other costly physiological activities are underway) and thus most transmissive of WNV at these times of year (unless birds died from infection). Overall, the results only partly supported our hypothesis. Birds were most transmissive of WNV in fall (after their molt is complete and when WNV is most prevalent in the environment), but WNV resistance, WNV tolerance, and WNV-dependent mortality did not vary among seasons. These results collectively imply that natural arboviral cycles could be partially underpinned by endogenous physiological changes in hosts. However, other disease systems warrant study, as this result could be specific to the nonnative and highly commensal nature of the house sparrow or a consequence of the relative recency of the arrival of WNV to the United States.","PeriodicalId":54609,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10253220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cold and Hungry: Heterothermy Is Associated with Low Leptin Levels in a Bulk Grazer during a Drought. 寒冷和饥饿：在干旱期间，大量放牧者的异养热与低瘦素水平有关。

IF 1.6 3区生物学

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1086/726162

Arista Botha, Andrea Fuller, Brianna R Beechler, Hendrik J Combrink, Anna E Jolles, Shane K Maloney, Robyn S Hetem

{"title":"Cold and Hungry: Heterothermy Is Associated with Low Leptin Levels in a Bulk Grazer during a Drought.","authors":"Arista Botha, Andrea Fuller, Brianna R Beechler, Hendrik J Combrink, Anna E Jolles, Shane K Maloney, Robyn S Hetem","doi":"10.1086/726162","DOIUrl":"10.1086/726162","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractReduced energy intake can compromise the ability of a mammal to maintain body temperature within a narrow 24-h range, leading to heterothermy. To investigate the main drivers of heterothermy in a bulk grazer, we compared abdominal temperature, body mass, body condition index, and serum leptin levels in 11 subadult Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer) during a drought year and a nondrought year. Low food availability during the drought year (as indexed by grass biomass, satellite imagery of vegetation greenness, and fecal chlorophyll) resulted in lower body condition index, lower body mass relative to that expected for an equivalent-aged buffalo, and lower leptin levels. The range of 24-h body temperature rhythm was 2°C during the nondrought year and more than double that during the drought year, and this was caused primarily by a lower minimum 24-h body temperature rhythm during the cool dry winter months. After rain fell and vegetation greenness increased, the minimum 24-h body temperature rhythm increased, and the range of 24-h body temperature rhythm was smaller than 2°C. In order of importance, poor body condition, low minimum 24-h air temperature, and low serum leptin levels were the best predictors of the increase in the range of 24-h body temperature rhythm. While the thermoregulatory role of leptin is not fully understood, the association between range of 24-h body temperature rhythm and serum leptin levels provides clues about the underlying mechanism behind the increased heterothermy in large mammals facing food restriction.","PeriodicalId":54609,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10261122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Front Matter 前页

3区生物学

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/727767

引用次数: 0

For the Love of Snakes: Discovering Snakes in Wild Places Review 对蛇的爱:在野外发现蛇

IF 1.6 3区生物学

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.1086/725977

D. DeNardo

引用次数: 0

A Summer Heat Wave Reduced Activity, Heart Rate, and Autumn Body Mass in a Cold-Adapted Ungulate. 夏季热浪降低了适应寒冷的有蹄类动物的活动、心率和秋季体重。

IF 1.6 3区生物学

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/725363

L Monica Trondrud, Gabriel Pigeon, Elżbieta Król, Steve Albon, Erik Ropstad, Jouko Kumpula, Alina L Evans, John R Speakman, Leif Egil Loe

{"title":"A Summer Heat Wave Reduced Activity, Heart Rate, and Autumn Body Mass in a Cold-Adapted Ungulate.","authors":"L Monica Trondrud, Gabriel Pigeon, Elżbieta Król, Steve Albon, Erik Ropstad, Jouko Kumpula, Alina L Evans, John R Speakman, Leif Egil Loe","doi":"10.1086/725363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725363","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractHeat waves are becoming more frequent across the globe and may impose severe thermoregulatory challenges for endotherms. Heat stress can induce both behavioral and physiological responses, which may result in energy deficits with potential fitness consequences. We studied the responses of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus), a cold-adapted ungulate, to a record-breaking heat wave in northern Finland. Activity, heart rate, subcutaneous body temperature, and body mass data were collected for 14 adult females. The post-heat wave autumn body masses were then analyzed against longitudinal body mass records for the herd from 1990 to 2021. With increasing air temperature during the day, reindeer became less active and had reduced heart rate and increased body temperature, reflecting both behavioral and physiological responses to heat stress. Although they increased activity in the late afternoon, they failed to compensate for lost foraging time on the hottest days (daily mean temperature ≥20°C), and total time active was reduced by 9%. After the heat wave, the mean September body mass of herd females (<math><mrow><mn>69.7</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>6.6</mn></mrow></math> kg, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>52</mn></mrow></math>) was on average 16.4% ± 4.8% lower than predicted (<math><mrow><mn>83.4</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>6.0</mn></mrow></math> kg). Among focal females, individuals with the lowest levels of activity during the heat wave had the greatest mass loss during summer. We show how heat waves impose a thermoregulatory challenge on endotherms, resulting in mass loss, potentially as a result of the loss of foraging time. While it is well known that environmental conditions affect large herbivore fitness indirectly through decreased forage quality and limited water supply, direct effects of heat may be increasingly common in a warming climate.","PeriodicalId":54609,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9810842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shifts in the Thermal Dependence of Locomotor Performance across an Altitudinal Gradient in Native Populations of Xenopus laevis. 非洲爪蟾原生种群运动表现的热依赖性在海拔梯度上的变化。

IF 1.6 3区生物学

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/725237

Laurie Araspin, Carla Wagener, Pablo Padilla, Anthony Herrel, John Measey

{"title":"Shifts in the Thermal Dependence of Locomotor Performance across an Altitudinal Gradient in Native Populations of Xenopus laevis.","authors":"Laurie Araspin, Carla Wagener, Pablo Padilla, Anthony Herrel, John Measey","doi":"10.1086/725237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725237","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractEctothermic species are dependent on temperature, which drives many aspects of their physiology, including locomotion. The distribution of the native populations of Xenopus laevis is characterized by an exceptional range in latitude and altitude. Along altitudinal gradients, thermal environments change, and populations experience different temperatures. In this study, we compared critical thermal limits and thermal performance curves of populations from the native range across an altitudinal gradient to test whether optimal temperatures for exertion differ depending on altitude. Data on exertion capacity were collected at six different temperatures (8°C, 12°C, 16°C, 19°C, 23°C, and 27°C) for four populations spanning an altitudinal gradient (60, 1,016, 1,948, and 3,197 m asl). Results show that the thermal performance optimum differs among populations. Populations from cold environments at high altitudes exhibit a lower optimal performance temperature than populations from warmer environments at lower altitudes. The ability of this species to change its optimal temperature for locomotor exertion across extremely different climatic environments within the native range may help explain its exceptional invasive potential. These results suggest that ectothermic species capable of adapting to broad altitudinal ranges may be particularly good at invading novel climatic areas, given their ability to cope with a wide range of variation in environmental temperatures.","PeriodicalId":54609,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9810836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitochondrial Enzyme Activities and Body Condition of Naturally Infected Sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus). 自然感染太阳鱼线粒体酶活性及体况。

IF 1.6 3区生物学

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/725209

Vincent Mélançon, Sophie Breton, Stefano Bettinazzi, Marie Levet, Sandra A Binning

{"title":"Mitochondrial Enzyme Activities and Body Condition of Naturally Infected Sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus).","authors":"Vincent Mélançon, Sophie Breton, Stefano Bettinazzi, Marie Levet, Sandra A Binning","doi":"10.1086/725209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725209","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractParasites can affect host behavior, cognition, locomotion, body condition, and many other physiological traits. Changes to host aerobic metabolism may be responsible for these parasite-induced performance alterations. Whole-organism metabolic rate is underpinned by cellular energy metabolism driven most prominently by mitochondria. However, few studies have explored how mitochondrial enzymatic activity relates to body condition and parasite infection, despite it being a putative site for metabolic disruptions related to health status. We studied correlations among natural parasite infection, host body condition, and activity of key mitochondrial enzymes in target organs from wild-caught pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) to better understand the cellular responses of fish hosts to endoparasite infection. Enzymatic activities in the gills, spleen, and brain of infected fish were not significantly related to parasite infection or host body condition. However, the activity of cytochrome c oxidase, an enzyme involved in oxidative phosphorylation, in fish hearts was higher in individuals with a lower body condition. Activities of citrate synthase, electron transport system (complexes I and III), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase were also significantly different among organ types. These results provide preliminary information regarding the likely mitochondrial pathways affecting host body condition, the maintenance energetic requirements of different organs, and the organs' specific dependency on particular mitochondrial pathways. These results help pave the way for future studies on the effects of parasite infection on mitochondrial metabolism.","PeriodicalId":54609,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9810833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Variation in Embryonic Metabolic Reaction Norms and the Role of the Environment. 胚胎代谢反应规范的变异及环境的作用。

IF 1.6 3区生物学

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/725236

Alexandra G Cones, David F Westneat

{"title":"Variation in Embryonic Metabolic Reaction Norms and the Role of the Environment.","authors":"Alexandra G Cones, David F Westneat","doi":"10.1086/725236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725236","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractEarly developmental environments can shape how organisms respond to later environments, but despite the potential for this phenomenon to alter the evolution of phenotypes and their underlying mechanisms in variable environments, details of this process are not understood. For example, both temperature and parental age can alter offspring metabolic plasticity and growth within species, yet the extent of such effects is unknown. We measured the reaction norms of embryonic heart rate in response to egg temperature and the change in egg mass over the incubation period in wild house sparrows. Using Bayesian linear mixed models, we estimated covariation in the intercepts and slopes of these reaction norms among clutches and eggs. We found that heart rate intercepts, not slopes, varied among clutches and that neither intercepts nor slopes varied among eggs within clutches. In contrast, egg mass intercepts and slopes varied among clutches and eggs. Ambient temperature did not explain variance in reaction norms. Instead, individuals from older mothers were more metabolically sensitive to egg temperature and lost less mass over the incubation period than individuals from younger mothers. Nevertheless, heart rate reaction norms and egg mass reaction norms did not covary. Our results suggest that early environments influenced by parents may contribute to variation in embryonic reaction norms. The structure of variation in embryonic reaction norms that exists both among clutches and among eggs demonstrates a complexity in plastic phenotypes that should be explored in future work. Furthermore, the potential for the embryonic environment to shape the reaction norms of other traits has implications for the evolution of plasticity more broadly.","PeriodicalId":54609,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9810839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0