Psychology of Sport and Exercise最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the benefits of green exercise: A randomized controlled trial in natural and built environments assessed for their restorative properties","authors":"Luca Laezza ,&nbsp;Martina Vacondio ,&nbsp;Alessandro Fornasiero ,&nbsp;Barbara Pellegrini ,&nbsp;Margherita Pasini ,&nbsp;Margherita Brondino ,&nbsp;Stefano De Dominicis","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exercising in natural environments (green exercise, GE) has been shown to offer significant physiological and psychological health benefits compared to urban or indoor environments. This study evaluated the restorative effects of a 1-h light-to-moderate intensity exercise session across three environments: natural (G), urban (U), and indoor (I).</div><div>Using a randomized crossover design, 25 male participants (M = 26.3, SD = 4.3) completed a 1-h walk at 6 km/h in each setting. Psychological outcomes, including perceived restorativeness (PRS), restoration (ROS), emotional states, enjoyment, and behavioral intentions, were assessed with validated questionnaires. Physiological measures (cortisol, heart rate, heart rate variability) were collected pre- and post-intervention.</div><div>Results showed that G environment consistently elicited greater relaxation, higher positive emotions, and lower negative emotions compared to U and I. Restoration outcomes (PRS, ROS), enjoyment and intentions to exercise were significantly higher in G, while perceived exertion was lower in G compared to I. Physiologically, cortisol levels, heart rate, and heart rate variability differed by environment, with G promoting a more favorable recovery profile than U and I. No interaction effects were observed for physiological measures, suggesting consistent recovery patterns over time.</div><div>These findings highlight the restorative and stress-relieving potential of GE, emphasizing its role in enhancing mental well-being and supporting physical activity adherence. The study underscores the importance of natural environments as a resource for promoting health and well-being, while also identifying the need for further research to clarify the nuanced differences between urban and natural settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102883"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-determination theory informed research for promoting physical activity: Contributions, debates, and future directions","authors":"Nikos Ntoumanis ,&nbsp;Arlen C. Moller","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this review we evaluate the applications of self-determination theory (SDT) research to promote motivation for physical activity (PA) and exercise. The evidence suggests that SDT-informed interventions are often effective at changing health behaviors, including PA/exercise, and associated health outcomes. The effect sizes are small to moderate and are often mediated by increases in autonomous motivation (primarily), interpersonal support for basic psychological needs, and competence need satisfaction. We also identify conceptual debates within the SDT literature and between SDT and other literatures, and discuss their relevance with respect to PA. We particularly focus on tripartite conceptualizations of interpersonal styles and psychological needs, whether there are more than three basic psychological needs, and the use of financial incentives and competition to promote PA. Our review also provides future conceptual and methodological directions for SDT-based research, building on advances in technology (e.g., generative Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models) and the broader field of behavioral science (e.g., optimization designs, system-level interventions, behavior change intervention ontologies).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102879"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self- control – A critical discussion of a key concept in sport and exercise psychology","authors":"Chris Englert","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-control is defined as the ability to suppress immediate behavioural impulses, delay immediate gratification, and manage potential goal conflicts. Consequently, self-control can be seen as an indispensable skill in sport, influencing performance, discipline, and resilience. A substantial body of research has demonstrated the existence of relatively stable individual differences in general self-control ability, while also highlighting instances of its susceptibility to failure under specific conditions. By understanding and developing self-control, athletes can better manage the demands of their sport, maintain consistency under pressure, and achieve long-term success. The purpose of this article is to review the most prominent models of self-control in the field of sport and exercise, and to discuss the potential shortcomings of these models. Furthermore, the differences and similarities between self-control and mental fatigue are outlined and discussed. Finally, future avenues for improving self-control research are outlined and critically reflected upon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102878"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of positive and negative networks in working memory task of basketball athletes","authors":"Yapeng Qi ,&nbsp;Yihan Wang ,&nbsp;Xinwei Li ,&nbsp;Wenxuan Fang ,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Du","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Working memory (WM) plays a vital role in athletic performance in open-skill sports like basketball. However, sport-induced WM adaptation is complex, and the underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Using an N-back task with fMRI, this study investigated the brain function of 55 basketball athletes and 55 gender- and age-matched healthy controls during the WM tasks. The results revealed that basketball athletes showed increased activation in the task-positive network (TPN), reduced inhibitory activation in the default mode network (DMN), and cerebellar-mediated new dynamic between the two networks. These neural adaptations aligned with accelerated response speed at the cost of reduced 2-back accuracy, reflecting a speed-accuracy trade-off optimized for sport-specific demands. Future research should explore interventions targeting DMN regulation alongside TPN engagement to optimize cognitive performance in athletes. By bridging sports neuroscience and cognitive training paradigms, this study offers new insights into how sports training sculpts the brain's functional architecture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102880"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transitioning out of elite sport: The central role of groups in support experiences","authors":"Rachel Crook ,&nbsp;Pete Coffee ,&nbsp;Carinthia Bank ,&nbsp;Kacey C. Neely ,&nbsp;Chris Hartley ,&nbsp;Catherine Haslam ,&nbsp;Katherine A. Tamminen","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, we explored the perceived impact of changes in athletes' social group memberships on their identities and social support experienced during transition to retirement. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, we explored how athletes interpreted their experiences and connected them to their personal and social environments. Participants were seven (5 male, 2 female) former elite athletes, aged 26 and 40 years (<em>M</em>age = 34 ± 4.96 years). They represented badminton, basketball, football/soccer, and rugby, having transitioned from their sport careers 9 months to 11 years prior to data collection (<em>M</em> = 5.25 ± 3.85 years). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and analysis included reflexivity and an independent audit trail. We identified four main themes: (a) support received from maintaining existing social groups, (b) support opportunities gained by joining new social groups, (c) the support lost through identity changes in retirement, and finally, (d) the support offered by adopting a retired athlete identity. The results highlight the importance of approaching athlete identity and retirement from a social identity perspective. Our results also suggest that social groups and subsequent social identities may influence psychosocial outcomes through group-based social support, while arguing that the effectiveness of social support depends on the compatibility of these identities with an athlete's existing or gained identities. Finally, we offer applied considerations for athletes and sport organizations, suggesting that retired athletes benefit from mentoring and engaging in organizations supporting transitioned athletes to build meaningful connections during this transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102873"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Athlete burnout and biomarkers: An exploratory, longitudinal N-of-1 study","authors":"Hanna L. Glandorf,&nbsp;Daniel J. Madigan,&nbsp;Owen Kavanagh,&nbsp;Sarah H. Mallinson-Howard","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Burnout is an increasingly common problem among athletes. In addition to negatively affecting mental health, burnout may also be related to changes in physiological functioning. Research outside of sport suggests that the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, immune, anabolic, and cardiovascular systems, in particular, may be affected. However, few studies have explored the relationship between burnout and biomarkers of these systems in athletes. Consequently, the aim of the present multidisciplinary study was to explore the relationship between athlete burnout and acute and chronic biomarkers using a longitudinal <em>N-of-1</em> design. Following a pre-registered protocol with open data, code, and materials, in two athletes, we examined burnout and acute salivary biomarkers (cortisol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate [DHEA-S], secretory Immunoglobulin A [sIgA], and C-reactive protein) in 12 samples over six months. In another two athletes, we examined burnout and chronic biomarkers from hair and blood (hair cortisol, glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c], triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and DNA methylation in the BDNF, SLC6A4, and NR3C1 genes) in six samples over 12 months. Dynamic regression modelling showed that burnout symptoms predicted decreased testosterone and developed simultaneously with decreases in DHEA-S and sIgA. Visual analyses suggested that burnout symptoms also developed in conjunction with increases in HbA1c and SLC6A4 methylation and preceded increases in hair cortisol and BDNF methylation. Our findings provide a preliminary “physiological fingerprint” that could help explain athlete burnout development and consequences which can be used to guide future theory and research in this area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102870"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Athletic identity and autonomous motivation as predictors of endurance performance during high intensity exercise","authors":"Ian M. Taylor,&nbsp;Lara Drewes,&nbsp;Dani Fort,&nbsp;George Horne,&nbsp;Stephen Quercia-Smale,&nbsp;Izzy G. Wellings","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The aims of the present study were a) to develop and test a within-person experimental manipulation of athletic identity salience and autonomous motivation in endurance contexts, and b) to examine whether athletic identity or autonomous motivation better predicted endurance performance via the desire to reduce effort and the value of the performance goal.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-seven participants (24 males, 13 females, 20–27 years old) from a sports background completed a brief performance profile activity to identify and evaluate personal characteristics that would help during an endurance task (experimental condition) or described how they maintained close relationships (control condition). After completing measures of athletic identity and autonomous motivation, participants then completed an incrementally difficult cycling test until voluntary termination. The intensity of the test increased every 150 s, with measures of desire to reduce effort and performance goal value taken during each stage.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Multilevel modelling revealed that the experimental manipulation enhanced the salience of athletic identity (<em>b</em> = 05, <em>p</em> = .005), but did not change autonomous motivation (<em>b</em> = .05, <em>p</em> = .21). However, differences in endurance performance were explained by within-person changes in autonomous motivation (<em>b</em> = 31.02, <em>p</em> &lt; .001), but not athletic identity (<em>b</em> = −5.34, <em>p</em> = .58). This direct effect was partially mediated by smaller decreases in the value of the performance goal (<em>z</em> = 3.45, <em>p</em> &lt; .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A modified performance profile is useful to experimentally manipulate the salience of athletic identity in endurance contexts. Autonomous motivation enhances endurance performance by minimising reductions in the motivational value of the performance goal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102872"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The coach as an architect of Danish high- performance sport environments","authors":"Kristoffer Henriksen,&nbsp;Sofie Dideriksen,&nbsp;Andreas Kuettel,&nbsp;Anusofia Schlawe,&nbsp;Louise Kamuk Storm","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elite athletes train and compete within high-performance sport environments that significantly influence their performance, development, and well-being. Within an enormous portfolio of tasks, a key role of a coach, therefore, is that of an ‘architect’ who designs, builds, and maintains successful high-performance environments. To understand this role in more depth, we conducted four case studies in which we interviewed one high-level coach in Danish Olympic and Paralympic sport, their manager, and two of their athletes. Each case was first analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis to identify key themes. Second, in a cross-case analysis focusing on how these four coaches develop and maintain environments conducive to top performance, we crafted two overarching themes. <em>Non-negotiables</em> refer to ways of leading that coaches described as so essential that they were never up for discussion, and included leading through values and clear structures, leading whole persons, and leading the whole staff. <em>Delicate balances</em> refer to dilemmas that coaches had to navigate when leading their HPSE, including balancing intensity with sustainable development, individual consideration with the team, a focus on the best with a focus on the rest, and athlete responsibility with coach guidance. The study illustrates that high-performance coaches play a critical role as architects of their athletes' environments and thus contributes to the understanding of the complexity of modern coaching, highlighting a need for ongoing professional development for coaches to enhance their leadership competencies in high-performance settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102877"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tales from the peloton: Stress and coping in professional women's road cycling","authors":"Steven Vaughan ,&nbsp;Hayley E. McEwan ,&nbsp;Angela Beggan ,&nbsp;Amy E. Whitehead","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to use narrative inquiry to explore professional women cyclist's stories of stress and coping from their race experiences.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Semi-structured interviews with 6 professional cyclists provided powerful accounts of their racing experiences. Pragmatist narrative inquiry emphasises the key characteristics of these experiences, which coupled with a reflexive creative analytic practice led to individualised first-person stories being constructed which were combined into an ethnodrama to tell the stories of a fictional women's bicycle race.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Tension Lines: The Invisible Weight of the Ride is an ethnodrama portraying riders' situated racing experiences. It shows how appraisal moves beyond a focus on cognition and isolated experiences of stress and coping by providing insights into relationships between the different contexts that interplay within professional women's cycling.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides novel insight into the stress and coping experience through the application of narrative inquiry and pragmatism. It details situated, nuanced interpretations, of stressors experienced by professional women cyclists to show the complex process of coping whilst racing. As non-participant elite women cyclists suggested that they found the ethnodrama to authentically represent their experiences, the findings could serve to emotionally connect and generate awareness with athlete support personnel of the complex relationships between stressors and coping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102876"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic physical activity and the prevention of Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Jennifer L. Etnier,&nbsp;Chadsley M. Wessinger,&nbsp;Bryan Montero Herrera,&nbsp;Kylie C. Kayser","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing population of older adults and the lack of cure for Alzheimer's disease (AD) has resulted in researchers identifying modifiable lifestyle factors that might prevent or slow the progression of the disease. Prospective studies exploring the relationship between baseline physical activity (PA) and the subsequent risk of a diagnoses of AD and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) and resistance exercise (RE) on cognitive performance, blood-based biomarkers of AD, and neuroimaging measures of brain health provide some intriguing results. Exemplars of these studies and results from meta-analytic reviews (when available) are presented to provide an overview of the state of the science. In general, results from prospective studies show that PA is protective, and results from RCTs show that AE improves cognitive performance by older adults who are cognitively normal and by those with mild cognitive impairment. Promising results have been observed for AE on measures of brain health, and studies exploring the effects on biomarkers have yielded some intriguing results but are less consistent to date. Studies testing the effects of RE also find benefits for cognitive performance by older adults and consistently show improvements in brain health. In conclusion, results from prospective studies and RCTs demonstrate the potential of exercise to improve cognition, brain health, and, to a lesser extent, blood-based biomarkers. Future research linking the magnitude of the findings from RCTs with evidence from prospective studies will advance our understanding of the potential of exercise to reduce the risk of AD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102875"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}