Psychology of Sport and Exercise最新文献

{"title":"It's in the water: A qualitative exploration of the perceived effects of outdoor open water swimming on swimmers' psychological well-being","authors":"Holly Dawe ,&nbsp;Montse C. Ruiz ,&nbsp;Tracey J. Devonport","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Outdoor swimming for both leisure and physical exercise is a fast-growing activity in the United Kingdom. However, research into the perceived effects of outdoor open water swimming on psychological well-being is limited. Considering the inherent combination of physical activity, leisure, and nature immersion, the notion of outdoor swimming as a potential activity in the social prescribing initiative to enhance psychological well-being was investigated. Guided by Ryff's (1989) six core dimensions of psychological well-being, ten swimmers who frequently swim recreationally in the sea (<em>n</em> = 5) or freshwater bodies (<em>n</em> = 5) around the UK were interviewed via Microsoft teams. Interviews explored the perceived influence of recreational outdoor swimming in the sea and in freshwater bodies on swimmers' psychological well-being. Interview data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. A combination of inductive and deductive analytic approaches enabled findings pertaining to the six dimensions of PWB to be identified (deductive analysis), as well as novel findings (inductive analysis) derived from the data through open coding. Two broad themes were identified following inductive analysis, motivation and enablement. Motivation to swim outdoors aligned with social prescribing objectives, including swimming for leisure, exercise, time alone, company, and connection to nature. Findings also indicated the enablement of emotional regulation through meditation, reflection, and escape when outdoor swimming. It enabled pain relief through cold water exposure, and psychological well-being aligned with the six dimensions outlined by Ryff (1989). Findings illustrate the potential benefits of outdoor open water swimming for psychological well-being and its possible utility in the social prescribing agenda.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burnout trajectories among adolescent student-athletes: The role of gender, success expectations, and parental affection","authors":"Milla Saarinen ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Phipps ,&nbsp;Joni Kuokkanen ,&nbsp;Christian Thue Bjørndal ,&nbsp;Marte Bentzen ,&nbsp;Yngvar Ommundsen ,&nbsp;Henrik Gustafsson","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this longitudinal study, we examined the trajectories of sport and school burnout symptoms (exhaustion, cynicism, inadequacy) during the transition to lower secondary sport school among Norwegian student-athletes aged 13–14 years (<em>n</em> = 265; 58,5% males, 41,5% females). We also investigated how student-athletes’ gender and individual success expectations, and their parents' reported levels of affection and success expectations, were associated with different burnout trajectories. Student-athletes completed associated questionnaires at the beginning and end of the first school year, while parents completed questionnaires at the end of the school year. Linear mixed models showed that sport and school burnout symptoms increased over the school year. Females reported higher baseline levels of sport burnout, and males lower baseline levels of school burnout. Low individual success expectations were associated with higher baseline levels of sport and school burnout, and increase in school burnout symptoms over time. High parental success expectations were associated with lower baseline levels of school-related exhaustion. Sport inadequacy increased for student-athletes whose parents reported either affection levels <em>and</em> success expectations that were either both high or both low. The results suggest that it is important that sport schools take the dual pressure student-athletes may experience into consideration, and provide them with adequate support during the transition to lower secondary education. In addition, interventions aimed at increasing parental knowledge of beneficial and harmful ways of involvement in student-athletes’ lives are needed to facilitate student-athlete wellbeing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102831"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CrossFit beyond the barbell: Exploring the psychological benefits for individuals and organizations","authors":"Justin W. Carter ,&nbsp;Jason Imbrogno ,&nbsp;Chanho Kang ,&nbsp;Scott Lyons","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Branded as ‘the sport of fitness’, CrossFit is well known for its physical benefits, but the benefits may extend far beyond general fitness. Through the lens of positive psychology, we focused on a global CrossFit community to examine the potential psychological and workplace benefits behind this popular exercise program. Results showed that the frequency of CrossFit participation each week significantly predicted well-being and positive Psychological Capital (PsyCap). Additionally, both well-being and PsyCap mediated the relationship between weekly frequency and employee engagement. Our findings show support for benefits in frequent weekly CrossFit participation that reach far beyond physical health. This research underscores CrossFit's multifaceted benefits and encourages organizations to incorporate CrossFit into employee wellness initiatives. It also paves the way for further exploration into the complex impacts of physical fitness on psychological and organizational health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102830"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between overall right pre-frontal cortex activity and learning and retention of a visuomotor adaptation task: A continuous analysis","authors":"M.Á. Ramos ,&nbsp;A. Busquets ,&nbsp;B. Ferrer-Uris ,&nbsp;A. Eken ,&nbsp;F. Beslija ,&nbsp;F. Zhang ,&nbsp;T. Durduran ,&nbsp;R. Angulo-Barroso","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Learning a visuomotor adaptation task (VMA) is typically assessed by describing the behavioral changes during adaption (early-fast and late-slow phases) and retention (consolidation) tests. Few studies have concurrently examined behavioral and brain activity during this type of learning and therefore their time-dependent dynamics is unknown. It has been proposed that two distinct strategies can be used during such learning: a model-free and a model-based, which distinctively involved explicit and implicit learning strategies. It has also been proposed that prefrontal cortex (PFC) is more implicated when explicit processes are more relevant as it was observed in the early adaptation (Taylor &amp; Ivry, 2014; Wolpe et al., 2020). Additionally, an explicit model-based strategy has been inferred when prefrontal (PFC) activity increases. Therefore, the study's aims were: (1) to examine the continuous temporal dynamics of behavior and right PFC activity during adaptation and retention of a VMA, and (2) to infer the implication of explicit processes during the learning of a VMA derived from right PFC activity. Eighteen young adults (24.22 ± 3.12 years) took part in this study. Continuous measures of the performance (the initial directional error, IDE, and the root mean square error, RMSE) of a rotational visuomotor adaptation task during an adaptation (AD) and two retention sets at 1 h (RT1) and 24 h (RT24) were collected. Concurrently, measures of the right PFC activity (relative changes of the oxyhemoglobin concentration, [ΔO₂Hb]) were registered via a three-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy device. General linear mixed models were run to explore differences across adaptation and retentions. Also, cross-correlations between performance (IDE and RMSE) and PFC activity were conducted to observe their relation during sets. The main results indicated that (1) initial fast behavioral improvement (decrease of IDE and RMSE) did not occur simultaneously with the largest increase of the [ΔO₂Hb] in the PFC during the AD, and (2) there was similar performance in the RT1 and RT24 but possibly involving the PFC differently. While in both retentions the errors improved after the first trials, in RT1, the [ΔO₂Hb] decreased from the very beginning, whereas the PFC activity initially increased in RT24. Our observations would suggest that various cooperating learning strategies, including model-free (i.e., exploratory) and model-based explicit (i.e., strategy) and implicit (i.e., sensory prediction errors), are coordinated in different timings to cooperate during the sensorimotor adaptation and consolidation processes. Furthermore, the involvement of these strategies during the retention may depend on the time elapsed from the end of the adaptation to the re-introduction of the task.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102827"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Co-design approach to develop a motivational intervention to promote physical activity engagement and maintenance among individuals in residential substance use disorder treatment settings","authors":"Sascha Thal ,&nbsp;Stephen Bright ,&nbsp;Nikos Ntoumanis ,&nbsp;Bronwyn Myers ,&nbsp;Jocelyn Jones ,&nbsp;Eleanor Quested","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102829","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102829"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sampling perception-action couplings from competition create representative basketball shooting tasks: A replication and extension of Gorman and Maloney (2016)","authors":"Christopher L. Court Gold ,&nbsp;Brad Clark ,&nbsp;Alexandra Lascu ,&nbsp;Adam D. Gorman ,&nbsp;Nick Ball ,&nbsp;Michael A. Maloney","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing representative learning tasks requires a theoretically informed sampling of key performer-environment interactions. This study sampled the constraints from basketball to create a representative environment by examining the effect of a defender on the shooting performance of skilled female basketballers. Participants performed a one-on-one defended shooting task and an undefended shooting task. Temporal variables were recorded during each shooting task, and a sample of the cohort completed a focus group to gain qualitative insights into each testing condition. Results found that the defended condition caused a decrease in shooting accuracy and shot execution time, with an increase in ball flight time and jump time compared to the undefended condition. Within-subject variability increased in the defended condition for jump time and shot execution time, suggesting that the presence of the defender prompted players to change their movements. Shooting accuracy in the defended condition showed a high correlation to the shooting accuracy exhibited in competition statistics. Qualitative data revealed three themes; affective-cognitive response, sampling to design representative practice tasks, and shooting as an adaptive skill. Introducing a defender into a shooting practice task created a more representative activity that influenced the players’ shooting technique and accuracy. The players adapted to the presence of a defender by executing their shot faster, increasing jump time, and increasing the flight time of the ball. Sampling key performance constraints to create defended situations may encourage a more adaptable technique, resulting in greater skill transfer from training to in-game performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102828"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of exercise services for individuals with severe mental illness: A qualitative approach","authors":"Felicity Austin ,&nbsp;Kemi E. Wright ,&nbsp;Ben Jackson ,&nbsp;Timothy Budden ,&nbsp;Caleb McMahen ,&nbsp;Bonnie J. Furzer","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regular exercise can be beneficial for people living with a severe mental illness. By better understanding the perspectives and challenges of adults with severe mental illness who are engaged in exercise, we can enhance the design and implementation of exercise programs to better support their mental health and recovery. Nineteen adults (aged 19–73 years) were recruited from transdiagnostic mental health services and local disability services in Western Australia. Patients had engaged in structured exercise services within last 6 months as part of the treatment and/or management of their mental illness. Thematic analysis was used to understand participants’ experiences and health outcomes. Participants described themes relating to their <em>exercise experience</em> including establishment of <em>human connection</em>, <em>routine and purpose</em>, and <em>emotional experiences in exercise.</em> Exercise engagement was perceived to improve <em>acute and sustained mental health effects</em>, <em>and behavioural replacement</em>. Patients reported better symptom management, replacing harmful behaviours with positive ones, and reported gains in overall <em>physical health and personal strength</em>. Our findings demonstrate the importance of incorporating the voice of those with lived experience to better understand how exercise impacts their health, treatment, and recovery outcomes. This research has provided valuable insights for clinicians and researchers to develop sustainable client-centred interventions, that may improve health outcomes for this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102826"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of the consistency effect between physical activity levels and approach-avoidance behaviors","authors":"Chuntian Wang ,&nbsp;Guoli Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to examine the relationship between physical activity levels and approach-avoidance behaviors, to promote physical activity and provide a theoretical basis for national fitness. The study examined both approach-avoidance behaviors and the influence of affective valence in the approach-avoidance task. Two experiments using approach-avoidance tasks programmed in E-prime were conducted. Experiment 1 employed a 2 (physical activity level: high, low) × 2 (image type: physical activity, sedentary) mixed design, and Experiment 2 used a 2 (physical activity level: high, low) × 2 (physical activity image types: positive, negative) mixed design. The analysis of approach tendencies revealed that: (1) individuals with high physical activity levels exhibited a stronger tendency to approach physical activity images (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), with no significant difference observed for sedentary images (<em>p</em> = 0.72); (2) high physical activity individuals demonstrated a stronger tendency to approach positive images of physical activity (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), while no significant difference was observed for negative images (<em>p</em> = 0.78). The analysis of approach-avoidance behaviors indicated that: (1) high physical activity individuals more quickly approached physical activity images (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and avoided sedentary images (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05); (2) high physical activity individuals more quickly approached positive images of physical activity (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The study demonstrated a clear relationship between physical activity levels and approach-avoidance behaviors, showing that individuals with high physical activity levels exhibited more positive approach tendencies and behavioral responses toward physical activity-related stimuli. These findings have important implications for designing and implementing effective physical activity promotion strategies to combat global physical inactivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102825"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the impact of perceived behavioral control and planning on closing the exercise intention-behavior gap: Insights from a meta-analytic structural equation modeling study","authors":"Wang Lidong ,&nbsp;Li Xiuhong ,&nbsp;Qiu Kai ,&nbsp;Wang Donghai","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the roles of perceived behavioral control (PBC), action planning, and coping planning in bridging the gap between exercise intention and behavior. By using a Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Model (MASEM), we quantify the specific effects of these variables and explore their mediating roles in the relationships between intention, PBC, and behavior. The study provides insights into how these constructs contribute to informing effective behavioral intervention strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the correlation effect sizes between variables in the model, and MASEM was employed to examine the interrelationships among multiple variables. Data from 57 samples across 49 studies, with a total sample size of 19,883, were analyzed. We constructed an aggregated correlation matrix and performed path analysis using structural equation modeling. AMOS 26.0 software was used to estimate model parameters, including path coefficients, standard errors, and various model fit indices.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicate that behavioral intention serves as a key predictor of behavior, showing a significant positive direct effect (β = 0.416, p &lt; 0.001). Intention also significantly predicts both action planning (β = 0.439, p &lt; 0.001) and coping planning (β = 0.360, p &lt; 0.001), though its impact on behavior is mediated differently by these two forms of planning. Mediation analysis further revealed that intention indirectly predicts behavior through coping planning (β = 0.067, p &lt; 0.001), while the mediation effect through action planning was not significant (β = −0.001, p &gt; 0.05). PBC played multiple roles: it directly predicts behavior (β = 0.106, p &lt; 0.001), indirectly predicts behavior through intention (β = 0.282, p &lt; 0.001), and further mediates behavior through intention and coping planning (β = 0.046, p &lt; 0.001), as well as through coping planning alone (β = 0.032, p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, the mediation effect of PBC on behavior through action planning was statistically significant but negligible (β = 0.000, p = 0.003), reinforcing the stronger role of coping planning in driving behavior change.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the important roles of behavioral intention and perceived behavioral control in promoting physical activity while challenging the effectiveness of focusing solely on action planning. The findings suggest that although action planning does not significantly impact behavior, coping planning plays a critical role in behavior implementation. By integrating action planning and coping planning, comprehensive behavioral intervention strategies can more effectively bridge the intention-behavior gap and promote sustained physical activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102822"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEPSAC Newsletter","authors":"Rita de Oliveira,&nbsp;Yago Ramis","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102821","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102821"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}