Environmental Monitoring and Assessment最新文献

{"title":"Landscape ecological risk assessment and driving factors in East Africa","authors":"Yan Wu,&nbsp;Xiumei Zhang,&nbsp;Sisay Mekonnen,&nbsp;Bo Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-16042-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-026-16042-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global climatic variations and intensified human activities have altered land use structures and disrupted landscape patterns, increasing landscape ecological risk. Assessing this risk contributes to the formulation of ecological conservation and sustainable development strategies. Research on landscape ecological risk assessment and its drivers in Africa, particularly in rapidly developing East Africa, remains insufficient, which hinders regional ecological risk management and sustainable economic development. We investigated landscape patterns and spatiotemporal variations in regional ecological risk from 1992 to 2022 in East Africa using Geodetector and Random Forest models, measured the explanatory power and interaction effects of natural and human drivers, and quantified their contributions. We found that landscape patterns changed drastically in East Africa. Woodland and sparse vegetation increased by 12.30 × 10⁴ km² and 2.89 × 10⁴ km², respectively; shrubland and bare land decreased by 11.10 × 10⁴ km² and 5.91 × 10⁴ km², respectively. Ecological risk showed a north-high, south-low spatial pattern with positive autocorrelation (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). High, sub-high, and medium risk areas decreased, suggesting a downward trend. The distribution of landscape ecological risk in East Africa was mainly influenced by vegetation conditions and annual precipitation; vegetation change dominated the landscape ecological risk pattern, and natural and human factors influenced landscape resilience. Overall, our findings may inform ecological conservation planning in East Africa. Ecological management should give greater attention to vegetation protection and restoration, while landscape planning should consider regional precipitation conditions to help reduce ecological risk and promote sustainable development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Holika Dahan on ambient PM2.5 and associated health risks in an urban environment of Lucknow, India","authors":"Sreekanth Bojjagani,&nbsp;S. S. Kalikinkar Mahanta,&nbsp;Hari Om Prasad","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-16041-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-026-16041-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Large-scale biomass-mix burning of Holika Dahan (HD) is celebrated before the Indian traditional festival Holi, which has adverse effects on air quality and health. This study aimed to assess chemical characteristics of airborne PM_2.5, source contributions, emission dispersions, and related health risks during pre-HD, HD, and post-HD sequential nights for a residential area and a commercial area in Lucknow. Compared with pre-HD night, concentrations of ambient PM_2.5 were higher during HD night by factors of 2.0 and 1.4 in the respective residential and commercial areas. Tracer signatures of PM_2.5 emissions from HD biomass-mix combustion ranged from 1.2 to 2.7 times higher during HD night than during pre-HD night. Further, the peaks in the spectrum of ATR-FTIR functional group markers of PM_2.5 samples indicate the impact of HD biomass-mix combustion on local air quality. In addition to peaks in marker species of HD emission, PCA and HCA statistics further confirmed that HD biomass-burning is the predominant source of PM_2.5 at both study sites. The HYSPLIT simulated the HD emission transport paths towards primary eastward and south-eastward. The AERMOD dispersion hotspot isopleths indicated the extent of localised propagation of HD emissions up to 1.2 km and 1.5 km for residential and commercial areas, respectively. The hazard index (HI) values were found below the USEPA permissible limit, indicating negligible non-carcinogenic health risk despite the record of high HIs on HD night. Whereas the cancer risk (CR) exceeded USEPA safe limits due to HD impact at both the sites, however, peak CR was observed during HD night. The findings of the study highlighted short-term air quality degradation and potential long-term health concerns associated particularly with Holi festival-related HD combustion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Above-ground biomass estimation in tropical dry deciduous forests using multi-sensor data from ALOS-2 and sentinel-2 with advanced machine learning approaches","authors":"D. Ravivarma,&nbsp;Milkuri Chiranjeeva Reddy,&nbsp;Mhaiskar Priya Rajendra,&nbsp;Ch. Bhargavi,&nbsp;Faseela V. Sainuddin,&nbsp;Vishnu Muraleedharan,&nbsp;C. Sudhakar Reddy","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-16020-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-026-16020-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate estimation of above-ground biomass (AGB) is essential for sustainable forest resource management and carbon stock assessment. This study focuses on the Pembi Forest, Telangana, India, where synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 L-band and multispectral data from Sentinel-2 were integrated with biophysical information to develop AGB prediction models. Predictor variables included SAR backscatter and polarization-derived features, Sentinel-2 spectral indices and band combinations, principal components, leaf area index (LAI), and global canopy height. Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and a weighted voting ensemble were evaluated. The ensemble model achieved the highest predictive performance, with R² = 0.67, RMSE = 24.35 t ha⁻¹ and MAE = 14.97 t ha⁻¹. Spatial AGB distribution maps showed prominent variation in the study area, providing valuable information for resource management and conservation planning. The findings highlight the potential of combining SAR and multispectral remote sensing data with machine learning techniques to improve accuracy of AGB estimation, surpassing the performance of conventional single-model methods and advancing the understanding of forest biomass dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure of nontarget white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) to second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides in an urban context","authors":"Luigi F. Richardson,&nbsp;Albrecht I. Schulte-Hostedde","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-16038-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-026-16038-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pathways of nontarget exposure to anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are poorly understood and have yet to be examined in Ontario, Canada. We sought to determine if second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide (SGAR) baiting practices used by pest management professionals targeting commensal rodents may be causing rodenticide spillover into nontarget rodents in urban wildland areas, which could act as a vector of ARs to predators. We used snap traps to capture white-footed mice (<i>Peromyscus leucopus</i>) in urban wildland areas of Toronto and Vaughan, Ontario, near ongoing rodenticide baiting programs utilizing bromadiolone and difethialone products. We detected bromadiolone in only nine individuals and difethialone in two individuals trapped out of a total of 111. These exposed white-footed mice were caught at only five out of seven study sites. AR concentrations were between 0.008 and 0.03 µg/g of liver tissue for bromadiolone and 0.008 and 0.023 µg/g for difethialone, which may be sublethal for raptors. SGAR residues were detected in individuals caught at 0 m, 5 m, 20 m, 40 m, 70 m, and 100 m from active rodenticide stations. SGAR-positive mice did not differ significantly from SGAR-negative mice in terms of sex, age, body condition, distance to the AR source, capture date, or capture site. Four exposed individuals were in “poor” body condition. This indicates that the pest management industry’s use of rodenticides in these urban and suburban settings is likely causing some degree of nontarget spillover in Toronto and the Greater Toronto Area. Additionally, nearby residential SGAR usage may have accounted for some of these exposures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land application of sewage sludge as a pathway for emerging contaminants: a comparative review of microplastics, PFAS, and pharmaceuticals","authors":"Berkin Üstünyıldız","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-16027-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-026-16027-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agricultural application of treated sewage sludge supports nutrient and organic matter recovery but can also transfer emerging contaminants retained in or associated with sludge during wastewater treatment to soil. This review evaluates microplastics (MPs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and pharmaceutical residues across their sources, sludge association, treatment response, agricultural loading, environmental fate, exposure pathways, potential effects, and regulation. Evidence identified through targeted searches of the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus was integrated using a structured narrative review and comparative qualitative synthesis. These groups share a sludge-to-soil pathway but exhibit fundamentally different environmental profiles. MPs are retained mainly through physical association with solids and remain environmentally relevant through persistence, fragmentation, and size-dependent redistribution. PFAS behavior reflects compound-specific partitioning, the high persistence of many perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), precursor transformation, and the greater mobility of many shorter-chain PFAAs under some soil conditions. Pharmaceutical residues show compound-specific variation in sorption, degradation, transformation, mobility, biological activity, and plant uptake. Conventional sludge treatments often redistribute contaminants or modify measured profiles without establishing destructive removal. High-temperature thermal processes may achieve greater destruction of some contaminants under suitable operating conditions, but transformation-aware whole-process mass balances remain necessary. Existing European Union and US sludge frameworks remain centered largely on conventional pollutants, although PFAS-related assessment and management are developing. The comparison demonstrates that occurrence alone does not establish risk and that a single uniform monitoring or management framework is inadequate. Class-specific monitoring, treatment evaluation, and long-term field evidence are needed to support environmentally defensible land application.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From smart sensing to adaptive remediation: artificial intelligence and Internet of Things for persistent organic pollutants","authors":"Khaled Chawraba,&nbsp;Abrar Hussain,&nbsp;Obaid A. Alharbi,&nbsp;Amal Abdelhaleem","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-15975-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-026-15975-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) remain a major environmental challenge because of their persistence, long-range transport, bioaccumulation, and resistance to degradation. Conventional monitoring and remediation systems provide reliable analytical performance but are largely fragmented, laboratory dependent, and unable to deliver the continuous, predictive, and adaptive management required for complex, dynamic contamination scenarios. Recent literature reports substantial advances in biosensors, Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled sensing, machine learning (ML), and artificial intelligence (AI) for pollutant detection, forecasting, source identification, and remediation optimization. However, these developments often operate separately, with limited coordination between environmental sensing, data analytics, treatment processes, and decision-making. The literature further highlights persistent barriers to field deployment, including limited and geographically heterogeneous datasets, inconsistent sensor performance and calibration, restricted model transferability, insufficient independent validation, uncertainty in AI predictions, and the lack of mature regulatory frameworks for AI-assisted environmental assessment. From our perspective, the next advance in POP management should move beyond isolated AI applications toward integrated, closed-loop AI–IoT architectures that continuously connect sensing, prediction, remediation, and feedback control. Such systems could transform POP management from reactive assessment to proactive and adaptive environmental governance. Future progress will depend on standardized, Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) environmental datasets, explainable and uncertainty-aware AI, robust field validation, and interoperable sensing infrastructures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-026-15975-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid framework for water-quality prediction using WOA-optimized EEMD and CNN-LSTM","authors":"Xuemei Xie,&nbsp;Jiawei Liang","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-16043-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-026-16043-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate prediction of dissolved oxygen is important for water-quality management, yet monitoring series are usually noisy, nonlinear, and non-stationary, which limits conventional forecasting models. This study proposes a WOA-EEMD-CNN-LSTM framework in which EEMD is used to decompose the original series into intrinsic mode functions and a residual component for noise reduction and multi-scale representation, WOA is used to optimize the key EEMD parameters and improve decomposition quality, and CNN-LSTM is used to capture local features and long-term temporal dependencies for component-wise prediction before final aggregation. The method was evaluated on a 4 h monitoring series from the Xiaojiang estuary and a public Refuge dataset. In the locked seed-123 evaluation, the WOA-EEMD-CNN-LSTM model achieved an RMSE of 0.32867 and an <span>(R^2)</span> of 0.95070 on Xiaojiang, and an RMSE of 0.28874 and an <span>(R^2)</span> of 0.93429 on Refuge. The resulting workflow provides entropy-guided parameter adaptation, causal multi-scale representation, component-wise learning, timestamp-aligned aggregation, and an auditable leakage-controlled evaluation process. These properties make the framework a practical and reproducible option for dissolved-oxygen forecasting in noisy water-quality monitoring series and provide a clear basis for later multi-seed and multi-site validation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraining combustion efficiency and CO to CO2 emission ratio in the Yangtze River Delta region by using high-altitude atmospheric observations","authors":"Xuejing Shi,&nbsp;Meng Li,&nbsp;Xu Lin,&nbsp;Junjiao Wang,&nbsp;Qifan Shuai,&nbsp;Wanqing Xu,&nbsp;Huili Liu,&nbsp;Bing Qi,&nbsp;Cheng Hu","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-16040-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-026-16040-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) are key tracers when evaluating atmospheric pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, with their enhancement ratio (ΔCO:ΔCO₂) serving as a widely used metric for assessing combustion efficiency and estimating emissions across major industrial sectors at different spatial scales. However, most previous studies have been conducted based on near-surface observations (i.e. a few meters above ground), limiting the spatial representativeness of emission sources. In contrast, high-altitude mountain observations can provide a more comprehensive perspective for emission assessment at regional scale. In this study, we conducted year-round atmospheric concentration observations of CO and CO₂ at a mountain top site (119.00°E, 30.03°N, ∼1500 m a.s.l.) in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, China. By integrating these observations with an atmospheric transport model and <i>prior</i> emissions, we examined regional combustion efficiency and used the observed relationship to evaluate wintertime CO and CO₂ emissions for the YRD region. We found that (1) the observed wintertime ΔCO:ΔCO₂ ratio was 13.6 ± 0.1 ppb/ppm, lower than earlier values reported in China but still higher than those in many European regions, indicating improved yet incomplete combustion efficiency in the YRD region. (2) The simulated ΔCO:ΔCO₂ ratio was 16.1 ± 1.2 ppb/ppm, suggesting that the inventory overestimates CO:CO₂ emissions ratio by 18.4(±8.8)%. (3) The <i>prior</i> wintertime CO emissions are underestimated by around 20.0(± 8.0)%, and <i>prior</i> wintertime CO₂ emission are underestimated by a much larger ratio of 36.8(±17.6)%. Furthermore, the sectoral characteristics of ΔCO:ΔCO₂ suggest that future mitigation efforts should prioritize sources with higher ratios, particularly in the residential and industrial sectors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of herbivore grazing on woody encroachments in the savanna of an East African protected area","authors":"Desalegn Wana","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-16022-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-026-16022-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heavy ungulate grazing is related to increased woody encroachment in savannas. This study examined how varying ungulate grazing densities affect woody encroachment in Nech Sar National Park, Ethiopia. Woody density was surveyed in 103 plots along five transects in 2012 and 2022. Generalized linear mixed models were used to test relationships between ungulate densities, cattle corrals, and woody density. Woody density increased with the presence of cattle corrals, while wild herbivores showed contrasting effects: zebra reduced woody density, but this suppressive effect was reversed when cattle activity was present (corrals x zebra; <i>β</i> = 0.10, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in 2022. Woody density increased from about 600 woody species ha⁻¹ to over 2500 woody species ha⁻¹ at the high densities of corrals and zebra. <i>Dichrostachys cinerea</i> density was negatively related to zebra in both years, while <i>Senegalia mellifera</i> increased with zebra and with the zebra x corral interaction in 2012. In 2022, kudu and its interaction with livestock were negatively related to woody density (<i>β</i> =  −1.73, <i>β</i> =  −0.98, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05; respectively). Livestock had strong effects near corrals, while wild ungulate impacts were mediated by livestock activity. Herbivore grazing is a key factor in woody encroachment but it cannot fully explain encroachment. Thus, woody encroachment is likely due to the combined effects of bioclimatic factors, low browsing pressure, and reduced fire, alongside grazing in this study system and beyond.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hierarchical physiological sensitivity of the coral, Orbicella faveolata, to suspended sediment and elevated temperature","authors":"Keisha D. Bahr,&nbsp;Robert J. Bretzing-Tungate,&nbsp;Briana M. Matthews,&nbsp;Eleanor G. TenBrink,&nbsp;Casey L. Gallagher,&nbsp;Abigail L. Cannon","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-15969-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-026-15969-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coral reefs are increasingly exposed to multiple environmental stressors, including ocean warming and elevated turbidity from coastal development, dredging, and sediment resuspension. Understanding how these stressors affect coral physiology is essential for improving sediment management and protecting reef ecosystems. We investigated the short-term physiological responses of the Caribbean reef-building coral, <i>Orbicella faveolata</i>, to suspended sediment and elevated temperature during controlled 72-h laboratory experiments. Coral fragments were first exposed in independent chamber–sump systems to a gradient of target turbidity levels consisting of a control with no added sediment and treatments of 15, 29, and 50 NTU, followed by a factorial experiment evaluating suspended sediment (control or 29 NTU) and temperature (27°C or 30°C). Metabolic oxygen flux was quantified using intermittent-flow respirometry; photophysiological performance was assessed using pulse-amplitude-modulated fluorometry, and tissue and skeletal condition were evaluated using biological and calcification endpoints. Elevated temperature produced the most consistent responses, decreasing maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), increasing regulated non-photochemical energy dissipation (YNPQ), and altering respiration. Suspended sediment elicited comparatively limited responses, primarily affecting photophysiological metrics, with modest effects on respiration in the highest-turbidity treatment. No suspended sediment × temperature interaction was detected. Net calcification, symbiont density, chlorophyll concentration, and host protein content remained largely unchanged across treatments, while genotype accounted for significant variation in multiple physiological responses. Collectively, these findings support a hierarchy of short-term physiological sensitivity, with photophysiological metrics showing the most consistent responses, metabolic responses being more limited, and biomass-related and skeletal-growth endpoints remaining largely stable over the 72-h exposure. Integrating photophysiological measurements into monitoring programs may improve early detection of sublethal coral stress during coastal and climate-related disturbances.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-026-15969-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}