Environmental Monitoring and Assessment最新文献

{"title":"Sentinel-2 imagery coupled with machine learning to modelling water turbidity in the Doce River Basin, Brazil","authors":"Felipe Carvalho Santana,&nbsp;Márcio Rocha Francelino,&nbsp;Rafael Gomes Siqueira,&nbsp;Gustavo Vieira Veloso,&nbsp;Adalgisa de Jesus Pereira Santana,&nbsp;Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud Schaefer,&nbsp;Elpídio Inácio Fernandes-Filho","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13918-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13918-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Remote sensing and machine learning are techniques that can be used to monitor water quality properties, surpassing the limitations of the conventional techniques. Turbidity is an important water quality property directly influenced by the Fundão dam tailing rupture, which spilled tons of ore tailing in rivers of the Doce River Basin, Southeastern Brazil. We tested different machine learning algorithms coupled with 10 m resolution Sentinel-2 images, to model and spatially predict the water turbidity of the Doce basin rivers affected by the Fundão dam rupture. Results indicate that the cubist model presented the best performance. Both single bands and spectral indices presented great importance for modelling water turbidity. In particular, the Fe3 index (simple ratio between red and blue bands) was the most important covariate, highlighting the spectral response of the suspended sediments rich in Fe oxides. The red and near-infrared bands were the most relevant single bands for modelling turbidity, since the great spectral contrast between clean and turbid water in these bands. The water turbidity was considerably higher in the rainy season and for the upstream Doce basin where the Gualaxo do Norte and Carmo rivers are located. This is associated with the great deposition of the Fundão dam tailings inside and outside these rivers, besides the hydraulic and geomorphological characteristics of the Gualaxo do Norte and Carmo sub-basins.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure and risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticides in brinjal and tomato of Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"Arun Bala S.,&nbsp;Asha Sathish,&nbsp;K. Nithya,&nbsp;P. Senthil Kumar,&nbsp;Gayathri Rangasamy","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13896-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13896-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current work gives a snapshot of pesticide residuals, their exposure levels, and the associated potential risks of some organophosphates in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu. The study has significant viewpoints on food safety and pesticide management. The pesticide residual analysis was carried out on two commonly used vegetables, tomato and brinjal. The QuEChERS method is used to extract pesticides and GC–MS/SIM analyses were used to quantify pesticide residues. Among the various samples tested, organophosphorus pesticides, such as Phorate Sulfoxide, Chlorpyrifos, and Malathion, were detected in some samples. In the majority of brinjal samples analyzed, no pesticide residues were detected. However, one sample showed the presence of malathion (0.001 mg/kg). The detected level of malathion was within the acceptable safety limits, indicating that the sample is safe for consumption. Nevertheless, in one of the tomato samples tested, the residual level of phorate sulfoxide (0.34 mg/kg) is found to be higher than the MRL with a health risk index of 2.79. Except for phorate sulfoxide, all the other pesticide residuals were within MRL. Phorate residues with a soil half-life of 2 to 173 days are readily water soluble and may leach easily into groundwater, adversely affecting human health. The dietary risk of phorate can also put people at increased health risks of reproductive harm, endocrine system disruption, neurological damage, and an increased risk of certain cancers. The study’s outcome suggests the need to review the strict guidelines imposed on using unsafe pesticides. Also, future investigations are necessary to validate the presence of other toxic pesticides in the study area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial mapping and risk assessment of microplastic contamination in drinking water catchments from north of the Persian Gulf","authors":"Faezeh Jahedi,&nbsp;Maryam Ravanbakhash,&nbsp;Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard,&nbsp;Nastaran Talepour,&nbsp;Seyed Mahmoud Latifi,&nbsp;Amir Zahedi","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13859-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13859-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants in drinking water that raise global concerns due to their health risks and long-term environmental persistence. These tiny plastic particles can accumulate within human bodies and ecosystems, making it essential to understand their presence and behavior in water sources, especially in drinking water. In Khuzestan Province, which is of strategic importance in the Gulf region. This study assesses the concentration and types of MPs entering and leaving these 11 treatment plants. In untreated water, particle size analysis revealed that 50% of MPs were measured under 101 µm, with fibers being the most common type (47%), followed by fragments and pellets. Although treatment processes reduced overall MP concentrations, fibers remained the dominant residual type, making up 71% of the MPs in treated water. The main polymers identified were polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), with PE accounting for up to 75% of MPs in some areas. In terms of color, black/gray MPs were most prevalent (45%), followed by blue, red/pink, yellow/orange, and white/clear particles. While most treatment plants achieved significant reductions in MP levels, some were less effective, likely due to differences in treatment technologies. Notably, the S10 plant in Bandar Mahshahr had especially high inlet MP levels, possibly due to the region’s high industrial and human activities. Estimated daily intake (EDI) for adults was approximately 0.00482 MPs per kg of body weight per day, with children having a higher intake of around 0.01866 MPs per kg per day. These findings highlight the need to enhance treatment technologies, control upstream MP sources, and establish routine monitoring to protect water quality in Khuzestan and the wider Gulf region.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive approaches to managing emerging contaminants in wastewater: identification, sources, monitoring and remediation","authors":"Deepjyoti Boro,&nbsp;Manisha Chirania,&nbsp;Ashwani Kumar Verma,&nbsp;Dixita Chettri,&nbsp;Anil Kumar Verma","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13809-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13809-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wastewater is a major source of contamination and must be treated before it is discharged into rivers and lakes. Water contaminated with emerging pollutants such as micropollutants, pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors (EDs), pesticides, synthetic dyes, toxins and hormones is of major concern due to its potential adverse effects. The accumulation of such pollutants can disbalance trophic levels and has negative ecological impacts and possible health risks. Monitoring and detecting these contaminants is essential for effective mitigation. Ongoing research on emerging contaminants drives the development of new analytical techniques and technologies for detection, monitoring and removal of such contaminants. As the demand for sustainable wastewater management increases, both conventional and advanced detection methods can be practised as treatment strategies. This approach enhances our capacity to detect and measure contaminants in environmental samples, leading to the development of more effective treatment methods. This review provides important insights into different classes of emerging contaminants, their sources as well as environmental and health risks associated with these pollutants. It also examines the major conventional and advanced technologies used to manage emerging contaminants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of a simplified grayscale essay for monitoring compact decentralized sewage treatment equipment","authors":"Lucas Sampaio Lopes,&nbsp;André Pereira Rosa,&nbsp;Fernando França da Cunha,&nbsp;Alisson Carraro Borges","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13852-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13852-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The scarcity of sewage services is a great problem and of particular concern in rural and peri-urban areas, traditional communities, and small cities. A viable solution for expanding access to wastewater treatment services in these areas is the use of decentralized systems. However, an obstacle to the use of these systems is the lack of monitoring and operational management programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate compact wastewater treatment equipment (CWTE) using the grayscale proposed by von Sperling et al. (Water Science &amp; Technology, 82(7):380–1392, 2020) and to develop prediction models for biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and suspended solids using the grayscale and other parameters that are easy to obtain, such as color, turbidity, and electrical conductivity. Five CWTEs were monitored for 270 days, with students acting as “citizen scientists” using the grayscale essay. Of the 705 samples monitored, 157 (22%) were classified as level 1 or 2 on the grayscale, 410 (58%) as level 3, 136 (19%) as levels 4 and 5, and only two samples as level 6. Regarding the use of the grayscale, it was observed that in this case, there was a small overestimation of the real values obtained in the laboratory analyses. With the use of the grayscale, the most expensive analyses would only be accessed if the level stabilized at values equal to or greater than 3. The predictive models developed based on the grayscale and simple parameters such as color, turbidity, and electrical conductivity demonstrated good accuracy (<i>R</i>² &gt; 0.8), offering a practical and efficient approach for estimating effluent quality indicators while reducing the need for complex laboratory analyses. The grayscale method can be a useful tool for (self) monitoring effluents in CWTEs, especially in contexts where resources are limited.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change and environmental radioactivity: a review of studies on climate conditions in variation on indoor radon concentrations","authors":"Phoka C. Rathebe,&nbsp;Khathutshelo Vincent Mphaga,&nbsp;Daniel M. Masekameni","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13889-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13889-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change is increasingly recognized as a critical factor influencing various environmental and public health issues. This paper discusses the link between climate change parameters and elevated indoor radon levels, aiming to highlight the necessity for urgent public health intervention. By examining temperature fluctuations, precipitation patterns, extreme weather events, and geological changes, the paper elucidates how these factors contribute to the variability of indoor radon concentrations. A review of 31 indoor radon studies from different countries revealed substantial variation in indoor radon concentrations. The weighted mean indoor radon concentration was 178 Bq/m³, with a standard deviation of 193 Bq/m³. The minimum and maximum concentrations measured were 14.3 Bq/m³ and 1083 Bq/m³, respectively. Drawing from the findings of other scholars, a significant correlation between climate change and increased radon levels in residential areas has been revealed, suggesting potential health risks for occupants. This paper underscores the urgent need for public health strategies and policies to mitigate radon exposure, enhance awareness, and protect vulnerable populations. There is an urgent need for comprehensive measures, including improved building practices, regular radon monitoring, and robust public health campaigns to address the emerging threat posed by climate-induced radon exposure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-025-13889-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal covariability between air pollution and meteorological variables over Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","authors":"Wirdhah Saeed,&nbsp;Sapna Tajbar,&nbsp;Zahid Ullah","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13869-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13869-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study analyzed spatiotemporal covariability of O₃, SO₂, NO₂, CO, and PM_2.5 with meteorological variables (rain precipitation rate, specific humidity, pressure, temperature, wind speed, latent heat flux, and solar radiation) using satellite data in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation, ordinary least square regression, Pearson correlation, Generalized Linear, and Generalized Additive models were applied. Results revealed highest annual average pollutants as; NO₂ (3.87 ± 0.73) × 10¹⁵ molecules/cm², PM_2.5 (37.91 ± 17.75) µg/m³, SO₂ (6.81 ± 8.27) × 10¹⁴, CO (1.34 ± 0.52) × 10¹⁸ molecules/cm², and O₃ (7.73 ± 0.10) × 10¹⁸ molecules/cm². Seasonally NO₂ peaked in summer and spring, SO₂ in autumn, CO in spring, PM_2.5 in winter while O₃ in spring with minor seasonal variations. Annual spatial distribution of SO₂, PM_2.5, and CO were highest in central and southern areas while O₃ in the central and NO₂ in the central and southeastern. Wind speed was negatively correlated with NO₂ annually and in winter, summer, and autumn. Temperature positively influenced NO₂ and PM_2.5 annually and seasonally, while O₃ positively correlated with rain and specific humidity but negatively with solar radiation and temperature in spring. In autumn, O₃ exhibited a positive association with rain and negative with solar radiation. SO₂ indicated positive correlations with solar radiation annually and temperature in spring, while CO showed weak associations except for a positive correlation with specific humidity in summer. GAM models slightly better captured pollutant dynamics by explaining both linear and nonlinear relationships. These findings provide crucial insights for targeted air quality management strategies and pollutant mitigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced geospatial modeling and assessment of land degradation severity zones in India’s semi-arid regions","authors":"Pradeep Kumar Badapalli,&nbsp;Anusha Boya Nakkala,&nbsp;Padma Sree Pujari,&nbsp;Sakram Gugulothu,&nbsp;Mamatha Ullengula,&nbsp;Shanthosh Senthamizhselvan","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13875-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13875-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Land degradation poses significant challenges to sustainable development, particularly in semi-arid regions where ecosystems are highly vulnerable. This study employs a cutting-edge geospatial and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach to delineate land degradation severity zones (LDSZs) in Anantapur district, India—a region characterized by persistent environmental stress. Utilizing thematic layers such as geology, geomorphology, soil properties, slope, and remote sensing indices (NDVI, MNDWI, NDSI, and LST), the study integrates high-resolution Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS (2023) and DEM datasets with local meteorological data for precise spatial analysis. The LDSZ classification identified critical degradation patterns, with river/stream/waterbody areas occupying 3.06% of the landscape and varying severity zones covering the remaining areas: very low (4.58%), low (20.56%), moderate (31.09%), high (27.62%), and very high (13.08%). Validation using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve resulted in an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.825, demonstrating the model’s reliability. By synthesizing geospatial data and MCDM, this research offers a dynamic framework for mapping and quantifying land degradation. It underscores the pressing need for context-specific land management practices to mitigate severe degradation while paving the way for broader applications in other semi-arid regions. This approach represents a significant leap in assessing and addressing land degradation, providing a robust scientific basis for future interventions and policy development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-025-13875-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote sensing-based flash flood mapping and damage assessment in Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","authors":"Asif Sajjad,&nbsp;Muhammad Ahmad,&nbsp;Rana Waqar Aslam,&nbsp;Mehnaz Bibi,&nbsp;Anwaar Tabassum","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13894-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13894-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flash floods pose significant risks due to their rapid onset and destructive potential, causing an estimated 5000 fatalities and billions of dollars in damage annually worldwide. The Dera Ismail Khan district in Pakistan, highly susceptible to flooding, highlights the urgent need for a robust flood risk management framework, especially in the aftermath of the devastating 2022 flash flood, the most severe on record for the region. This study employed remote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques to analyze the flood’s spatiotemporal dynamics and assess the resulting damage. Flood maps were generated using Landsat 9 images using the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) and classified land use using the supervised maximum likelihood method. The findings revealed that the flood inundated approximately 2876 km² for about 1.5 months, significantly impacting agricultural and urban areas, with widespread damage to crops and infrastructure. This research highlights the importance of spatiotemporal analysis in improving flood management in Dera Ismail Khan and can serve as a model for similar assessments in other regions globally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of fireworks on urban air quality during Spring Festivals of 2022–2024 in Shandong Province, China","authors":"Jun Xie,&nbsp;Guixia Wang,&nbsp;Yalian Bi,&nbsp;Chun Ding,&nbsp;Jing Qiao,&nbsp;Lumin Wang,&nbsp;Changwei Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoguo Qiu","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13878-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13878-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study analyzed the impact of firework discharge on urban air quality during the Spring Festivals of 2022–2024 in Shandong Province, China, with a focus on PM₂.₅ concentration variations and their sources. Based on the monitoring data of conventional pollutants (SO₂, NO₂, PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, CO, and O₃) and chemical components of PM₂.₅ across 16 cities in Shandong Province, combined with meteorological conditions, the contribution of fireworks to PM₂.₅ and its source apportionment were evaluated, using the CO ratio method and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The results showed that PM₂.₅ concentrations surged significantly during the Spring Festival period in 2024, peaking at 423 µg/m³, which was 11.1 times and 1.2 times higher than those in 2022 and 2023, with fireworks contributing 49% to the daily average of PM₂.₅. During the concentrated discharge periods of fireworks (FCDP) in 2024, the proportions of NO₃⁻ and NH₄⁺ in PM_2.5 decreased by 21.5% and 10.7%, respectively, while those of tracer components of fireworks, such as K⁺, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, and Mg²⁺, increased by 17.2%, 7.7%, 5.9%, and 1.7%, respectively, showing the impact of fireworks. PMF source apportionment revealed that fireworks accounted for 59% of PM₂.₅ during the FCDP, rather than secondary sources (35%) and motor vehicles (21%) during the benchmark period (BP). The suggestions to the government were proposed, including strengthening policy implementation, optimizing discharge controls, and promoting public awareness of eco-friendly celebrations to reduce reliance on traditional fireworks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}