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Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association最新文献

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The Crucial Role of Gut Microbiome in Cardiovascular Health. 肠道微生物群在心血管健康中的关键作用。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.21392
Hiba Abid, Parena Maheshwari, Areeba Abid
{"title":"The Crucial Role of Gut Microbiome in Cardiovascular Health.","authors":"Hiba Abid, Parena Maheshwari, Areeba Abid","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.21392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.21392","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 2","pages":"373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lung Perfusion Scan for Pulmonary Embolism and Shunt Detection: An Effective Diagnostic Tool. 肺灌注扫描检测肺栓塞和分流：一种有效的诊断工具。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.25-15
Sana Munir Gill, Areej Ijaz, Aamna Hassan
{"title":"Lung Perfusion Scan for Pulmonary Embolism and Shunt Detection: An Effective Diagnostic Tool.","authors":"Sana Munir Gill, Areej Ijaz, Aamna Hassan","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.25-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.25-15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary embolism (PE) can lead to chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) which can result in right heart failure. Therefore, timely management of this condition can save patients from serious complications. In the department of Nuclear Medicine, ventilation perfusion (V/Q) scan has been used to supplement detection of PE especially in cases where contrast based computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) cannot be performed. With the advent of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT), perfusion scan with SPECT/CT is being frequently used. It has also been used for the diagnosis of various other indications such as right to left cardiac shunts in addition to PE. Technetium 99m macroaggregated human serum albumin (99mTc HSA) is commonly used in lung perfusion scans. It can also be taken up by extra pulmonary organs such as brain or kidneys due to presence of shunt. We present an interesting case of simultaneous detection of PE and right to left shunt in a young patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 2","pages":"343-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mean deflection angle, anterior and posterior length of the cranial base in Pakistani population with different sagittal skeletal malocclusion. 巴基斯坦人群矢状面骨错颌畸形的平均偏转角度、颅底前后长度。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.11329
Faiza Rana, Faiza Malik
{"title":"Mean deflection angle, anterior and posterior length of the cranial base in Pakistani population with different sagittal skeletal malocclusion.","authors":"Faiza Rana, Faiza Malik","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.11329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.11329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the mean deflection angles as well as the anterior and posterior lengths of the cranial base in different sagittal skeletal patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Orthodontics, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Jati Umrah, Lahore, Pakistan, from December 2022 to May 2023, and comprised orthodontic patients of either gender aged 8-20 years. Pre-treatment lateral cephalograms of the patients were traced on lead acetate tracing sheet with 0.03mm mechanical pencil. Outcome variables for the cranial base nasion-sella-articulare, nasionsella- basion, nasion-sella and sella-basion were recorded, and data was stratified for age and gender. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 93 patients, 60(64.5%) were females and 33(35.5%) were males. The overall mean age was 15.6±3.0 years, 38(40.9%) aged 8-14 years and 55(59.1%) aged 15-20 years. Mean values of cranial base flexion nasion-sellaarticulare, nasion-sella-basion and posterior cranial base length sella-basion were significant in different sagittal patterns (p<0.05). Gender-based differences in mean values of anterior and posterior cranial base lengths were significant (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cranial base flexion decreased significantly in skeletal class III. Cranial base lengths were higher for males than females, while age had no effect on cranial base morphology.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 2","pages":"219-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Missed nursing care and its contributing factors in different domains at tertiary care hospitals, Karachi. 卡拉奇三级护理医院不同领域的护理缺失及其影响因素。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.20048
Tariq Aziz, Amjad Ali, Arshad Nawaz
{"title":"Missed nursing care and its contributing factors in different domains at tertiary care hospitals, Karachi.","authors":"Tariq Aziz, Amjad Ali, Arshad Nawaz","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.20048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.20048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the frequency, types and contributing factors of missed nursing care among registered nurses in a tertiary care setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from May to November 2022 at the Dow University Hospital, Karachi, and Dr Ruth Katherina Martha Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, and comprised nurses registered with the Pakistan Nursing and Midwifery Council. Data was collected using a validated tool. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 232 nurses, 127(54.7%) were males, 105(45.3%) were females, 123(53%) were aged 30-39 years, and 73(31.5%) had work experience of 1-5 years. Nursing care components neglected by the nurses were patient bathing 127(54.7%), attending care conference 108(46.6%) and focussed reassessment 100(43.1%). Factors responsible for missed care were manpower resources identified by 152(65.5%) nurses, material resources by 141(60.8%), and communication factors identified by 84(36.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Various nursing care components were found missing during patient hospitalisation. Major reason for missed care was identified by the nurses as lack of manpower resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 2","pages":"238-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Faculty development programmes: Essential for empowering health professional educators to blend AI in medical education. 教员发展方案：对于使卫生专业教育工作者能够将人工智能融入医学教育至关重要。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.25-08
Rabia Aftab, Shaur Sarfaraz, Azam Afzal
{"title":"Faculty development programmes: Essential for empowering health professional educators to blend AI in medical education.","authors":"Rabia Aftab, Shaur Sarfaraz, Azam Afzal","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.25-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.25-08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 2","pages":"179-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gorham-Stout disease: a textbook presentation of a rare disease in Pakistan. Gorham-Stout病：巴基斯坦罕见疾病的教科书介绍。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.20212
Muhammad Ibrahim, Muhammad Usman, Hawwa Khan, Faryal Javaid, Maria Tasneem, Zeeshan Khan
{"title":"Gorham-Stout disease: a textbook presentation of a rare disease in Pakistan.","authors":"Muhammad Ibrahim, Muhammad Usman, Hawwa Khan, Faryal Javaid, Maria Tasneem, Zeeshan Khan","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.20212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.20212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gorham-Stout disease is an exceptionally rare disease which is characterised by massive osteolysis of the bone, oedema, and in severe cases pleural effusion and chylothorax. Its aetiopathology is unknown, and no specific treatment has been modulated thus far. We report the case of a 17-year-old male with osteolysis in the bones of his entire left arm and persistent chylothorax. Due to the late presentation and patient's desire for a better quality of life, amputation was the only choice left for treatment. This case was evaluated and treated at the Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma department of Rehman Medical Institute in Peshawar, Pakistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 2","pages":"313-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Withholding diagnostic and prognostic information from patients in Pakistan: ethical and cultural perspectives. 对巴基斯坦患者隐瞒诊断和预后信息：伦理和文化观点。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.21282
Muhammad Osama Bhatti, Ameer Hamza, Noor Ul Eman
{"title":"Withholding diagnostic and prognostic information from patients in Pakistan: ethical and cultural perspectives.","authors":"Muhammad Osama Bhatti, Ameer Hamza, Noor Ul Eman","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.21282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.21282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 2","pages":"358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Stroke Rehabilitation: Current Trends and Future Directions; A mini review. 人工智能在脑卒中康复中的应用现状及发展方向一个小回顾。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.25-16
Ayesha Afridi, Sumaiyah Obaid, Neha Raheel, Farooq Azam Rathore
{"title":"Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Stroke Rehabilitation: Current Trends and Future Directions; A mini review.","authors":"Ayesha Afridi, Sumaiyah Obaid, Neha Raheel, Farooq Azam Rathore","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.25-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.25-16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rehabilitation following a stroke faces challenges in offering customized treatment and attaining the best possible outcomes. The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) presents transformative solutions that have the potential to revolutionize existing practices. This minireview discusses the use of AI in rehabilitation after stroke, in form of customized intervention, task-specific training with robotics, real time monitoring by wearable devices and remote monitoring through tele rehabilitation. Despite the recent advances, issues such as algorithm bias, concerns about data security, and access disparities remain. Future directions include creating predictive analytics for tailored stroke therapies, incorporating virtual reality for increased participation, and assuring ethical and equitable distribution. Collaborative efforts are necessary to address these challenges and advance AI-driven stroke therapy. This review highlights the potential of AI to revolutionize stroke rehabilitation outcomes through interdisciplinary collaboration and ethical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 2","pages":"445-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An insight into the histopathology of oral potentially malignant disorders and malignant neoplasms of head and neck. 深入了解口腔潜在恶性疾病和头颈部恶性肿瘤的组织病理学。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.20155
Fatima Iqbal, Nasiha Bashir
{"title":"An insight into the histopathology of oral potentially malignant disorders and malignant neoplasms of head and neck.","authors":"Fatima Iqbal, Nasiha Bashir","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.20155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.20155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was planned to analyse histopathological variations in oral potentially malignant disorders and malignant tumours of the head and neck region. Incisional and excisional biopsies referred to the histopathology laboratory of Peshawar Medical College, Pakistan, between 2020 and 2022 were reviewed by two pathologists to confirm the diagnosis. The World Health Organisation criterion of diagnosis and classification was adopted to review and validate the histopathological features. A total of 16 oral potentially malignant disorders and 77 head and cancer biopsies were included. Among the disorders, lichen planus was common, presenting as subepithelial lymphocytic infiltration in 11(100%) cases. Among the head and neck tumours, oral squamous cell carcinoma was the foremost cancer in which cells were arranged in a nest pattern 37(84%), followed by basal cell carcinoma showing nodular type 10 (83%). The histopathological variations of the lesions identified may assist pathologists in better diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 2","pages":"297-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of metformin in treatment of dengue fever. 二甲双胍治疗登革热的应用。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.20931
Zainab Irfan, Hasan Zia Yaqub
{"title":"Use of metformin in treatment of dengue fever.","authors":"Zainab Irfan, Hasan Zia Yaqub","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.20931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.20931","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 2","pages":"365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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