Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Toward the Development of a Comprehensive Nuclear System Analysis Code Based on Two-Fluid Model: Starting with an Isentropic Approach","authors":"Sultan Al-Faifi","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09709-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09709-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the complex field of nuclear reactor design and analysis, there is a continuous need for sophisticated computational models that can accurately capture the diverse and challenging thermal hydraulic phenomena during steady-state and transient conditions. This research sets the stage for the development of a comprehensive system analysis code for nuclear reactor thermal hydraulic design, starting with a fully implicit isentropic two-fluid model with four governing equations. The computational methodology for this model incorporated the Advection Upstream Splitting Method scheme with a staggered grid arrangement. The nonlinear system of governing equations was solved implicitly by employing Newton’s method while a numerical Jacobian matrix was calculated for the derivative terms, enhancing the stability and efficiency of the solution process. The performance of the model was assessed using three classical two-phase benchmark problems: water faucet problem, oscillating manometer problem, and air–water phase separation problem. The validation results indicate a reliable and accurate prediction of the model. Consequently, the successful development and validation of current two-fluid isentropic model provide a solid foundation for the future development of a comprehensive nuclear system analysis code based on the two-fluid model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 5","pages":"3533 - 3538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Third-Order Continuous Sliding Mode Speed and DC-Link Voltage Controllers for a PMSG-based Wind Turbine with Energy Storage System","authors":"Elhadj Bounadja,&nbsp;Adil Yahdou,&nbsp;Walid Mohammed Kacemi,&nbsp;Abdelkadir Belhadj Djilali,&nbsp;Habib Benbouhenni,&nbsp;Atif Iqbal","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09739-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09739-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article presents a novel approach for regulating a wind energy conversion system (WECS) that features a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and an energy storage system (ESS). The WECS topology includes two converters on both the machine and grid sides. To maximize power production at varying wind speeds, the machine side converter uses an outer loop to control rotor speed and an inner loop to regulate generator current. Concurrently, the grid side converter employs dual control loops, with the outer loop regulating DC-link voltage and the inner loop regulating grid current. A new third-order continuous sliding mode control (TOCSMC) strategy is introduced for controlling the PMSG rotor speed and DC-bus voltage. The key innovation is extending the conventional sliding surface to a third-order sliding mode by increasing its time derivatives and ensuring smoother transitions by replacing the discontinuous switching term with a continuous smooth function. TOCSMC addresses issues such as settling time, overshoot, and steady-state error in PMSG speed and DC-link voltage. Comparisons with a proportional–integral (PI) controller and a conventional second-order sliding mode controller (SOSMC) demonstrate that TOCSMC performs better, increasing system efficiency to 96.5%, compared to 92% for SOSMC and 89% for PI. Additionally, TOCSMC reduces grid current total harmonic distortion (THD) by about 55.32% compared to SOSMC. A test involving the integration of the ESS verifies the system's capability to deliver smooth power and maintain high current quality for consumers. The proposed system's effectiveness is evaluated through MATLAB software simulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 8","pages":"6017 - 6036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Enhanced High-Gain Quadruple-Diode Boost Regulator (QDBC) Setup for Solar Applications","authors":"Walid Emar","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09738-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09738-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper examines and evaluates a newly modified high-gain DC-DC converter for electric vehicles and PV solar applications using the conventional quadratic boost structure as a basis. The proposed converter known as the quadrable-diode boost converter has a single switch, four diodes, smoothing inductors, and switch capacitors. The inductors and capacitors are used by this converter to store and release energy during each operational cycle, which increases the voltage generated at the output and lowers the ripple in the output currents and voltages. Comparing the proposed QDBC to other DC-DC converters (boost, SEPIC, quadratic boost converter) produced outstanding results. The primary factors of comparison were structure complexity, crest factor, standard ripple factor, and harmonic distortion level. These findings demonstrate that the QDBC performs like a first-order system and has higher input/output currents, voltages, and powers, faster settling times than existing DC-DC converters, and outstanding efficiency on par with the well-known boost converter. The authors of this paper also used various hysteresis current control approaches, such as controllable bandwidth hysteresis current controller in conjunction (CBHCR) with PI converters to investigate the stability and dynamic responsiveness of the proposed converter. The dynamic results produced using CBHCR yield a more efficient, less rippled converter with faster settling output voltage and power. Moreover, the frequency response analysis and harmonic spectrum analysis were conducted to examine the stability of the suggested converter concerning phase and gain margin. The linearized model of the recommended converter was simulated using Simplorer 7 and MATLAB/Simulink 2021a.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 8","pages":"5989 - 6016"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of the Shear Design Provisions of ACI Code and Eurocode for Self-Compacting Concrete, Recycled Aggregate Concrete, and Geopolymer Concrete Beams","authors":"Subhan Ahmad,&nbsp;Md. Fozail Ahmad,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Al-Osta","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09712-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09712-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shear failure in RC beams can lead to sudden and catastrophic collapse, posing significant risks to the occupants and the structure itself. The computation of the shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams is essential to ensure structural safety and stability. Proper shear strength calculations guide the design and reinforcement requirements, ensuring the beam can safely carry the expected loads. The present study aims to investigate the applicability of the shear design provisions of ACI 318-14, ACI 318-19, and EN 1992-1-1:2004 for self-compacting concrete (SCC), recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), and geopolymer concrete (GPC) reinforced concrete slender beams. For this purpose, a database of 411 slender reinforced concrete beams (150-SCC, 200-RAC, and 61-GPC) was compiled from 62 studies published between 2001 and 2023. Statistical analysis was performed to ascertain the accuracy of various design codes for the evaluation of the shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams cast with SCC, RAC, and GPC beams. The theoretical shear capacities and strength ratios (<i>S</i>/<i>R</i>) were calculated for each member using the provisions of ACI 318-14, ACI 318-19, and EN 1992-1-1:2004. The average (<i>S</i>/<i>R</i>), standard deviations, and coefficient of variance (COV) were also calculated for each code. For SCC, RAC, and GPC beams without shear reinforcement, the average <i>S</i>/<i>R</i> was found to be maximum for EN 1992-1-1:2004, followed by ACI 319-19 and ACI 318-14. The average <i>S</i>/<i>R</i> for ACI 318-14 and ACI 318-19 was found to be similar and higher than the average <i>S</i>/<i>R</i> yielded by EN 1992-1-1:2004 for beams with shear reinforcement. The consistency in the prediction of shear capacity was better for ACI 318-19, with an average COV of 16% for SCC and RAC beams and 29% for GPC beams without shear reinforcement. Overall, the performance of ACI 318-19 was found to be better than the other two codes, with a maximum number of conservative results. Finally, the failure modes of RC beams cast with SCC, RAC, and GPC are discussed. The failure modes in terms of crack initiation and propagation for SCC, RAC, and GPC beams were found to be identical to conventional concrete beams.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 3","pages":"1355 - 1392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Steam Injection Method Used to Reduce Emissions During Liquefied Petroleum Gas Combustion in an Atmospheric Burner","authors":"E. P. Kopyev,&nbsp;M. A. Mukhina,&nbsp;I. S. Sadkin,&nbsp;E. Yu. Shadrin","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09752-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09752-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the effective methods for reducing harmful emissions from a burner device is by combusting fuel in a gas sprayer jet. This study aims to obtain new experimental data on the combustion characteristics of gaseous hydrocarbon fuels in a high-speed jet of superheated steam, as well as to identify distinctive features of this method when liquid fuels are combusted. The thermal and environmental properties of liquefied petroleum gas combustion were studied when it was injected into the base of a high-speed steam jet, and when heated air was used instead of steam. It was found that the combustion of gaseous fuel in a steam jet resulted in a reduction of CO and NOx content in the combustion products by a factor of 1.6 and 1.8, respectively, compared to a jet of heated air. This is achieved while a high level of fuel combustion completeness. The maximum values of average flame temperature for various sprayers differed by no more than 100 degrees. Analysis conducted in the burner gas generation chamber showed that these results are due to the steam reforming of gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. When switching to heated air, flow rate parameter of gas sprayer becomes the main factor influencing combustion. A comparison of the results obtained for gaseous and liquid fuels showed that the effect of superheated steam on the level of harmful emissions during the combustion of liquified petroleum gas was marginally lower than that of liquid fuel (Jet A). This suggested that the processes of atomization and vaporization of liquids through steam injection did not significantly contribute to reducing CO and NOx emissions. These results demonstrated the potential of using superheated steam injection for burning various fuels, which was essential in developing low-emission technologies and designing low-emitting burners that used both liquid and gaseous fuels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 7","pages":"5265 - 5277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilely Synthesized CeNi1-xCoxO3 Perovskite Catalyst for Combined Steam and CO2 Reforming of Methane","authors":"Do Ba Long,&nbsp;Tri Nguyen,&nbsp;Hong Phuong Phan","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09764-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09764-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herein, a series of CeNi_1-xCo_xO₃ (<i>x</i> = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7) was prepared by a co-precipitation method for combined steam and CO₂ reforming of methane (CSCRM) reaction. The influence of incorporating Ni with Co species in the perovskite structure was elucidated by both the catalytic performance and physicochemical properties of as-prepared materials. Several modern techniques were utilized to study the catalysts’ properties, including XRD, EDS, SEM, HR-TEM, Nitrogen adsorption–desorption, H₂-TPR, CO₂-TPD, and Raman spectroscopy. As Co modification content increased, respective to x value in CeNi_1-xCo_xO₃ change from 0.1 to 0.5, calcined catalysts’ crystallite size of separated M₂O_x oxides gradually increased from 16.2 to 20.3 nm. Investigating the CO₂-TPD and H₂-TPR profiles showed that CO₂ adsorption ability of catalysts increased while reducibility decreased when x value increased from 0.1 to 0.5. Despite clearly change of physicochemical properties, the Co content in range of <i>x</i> = 0.1–0.5 did not have significant influence on the catalytic activity in CSCRM reaction. The properties of catalyst with higher Co content (<i>x</i> = 0.7) changed differently compared to catalysts with <i>x</i> = 0.1–0.5, which seemed positive (smaller crystallite sizes of calcined perovskite and reduced metallic phases of 12.9 nm and 12.8 nm, respectively; slightly larger specific surface area of 13.0 m²/g, higher hydrogen consumption in TPR analysis), but the catalytic activity of this catalyst slightly lower than other surveyed catalysts at a low temperature of 550 °C. Despite that, all studied catalysts showed quite similar catalytic performance at high temperature range, which was considered as favorable operation condition for the reaction. The study also revealed an excellent coke tolerance ability of perovskite-derived catalysts in the CSCRM. The as-prepared CeNi_0.5Co_0.5O₃ catalyst showed a comparable activity compared to other published results on other catalysts, with CH₄ and CO₂ conversions of 94.6% and 93.2%, respectively. The comparison with other studies also revealed a high CH₄ conversion rate of 6381 mL_CH4.g⁻¹.h⁻¹ and an excellent CO₂ conversion rate of 3269 mL_CO2.g⁻¹.h⁻¹ on CeNi_0.5Co_0.5O₃ in a high space velocity of 3 × 10⁵ mL.g⁻¹.h⁻¹.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 6","pages":"4351 - 4366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13369-024-09764-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction and Removal of Lithium by Adsorption onto Resin Amberlyst35 from Bayer Liquor Before Seed Decomposition","authors":"Song Wang,&nbsp;Guozhi Lv,&nbsp;Xiaofei Li,&nbsp;Tingan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09761-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09761-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lithium present in Bayer liquor enters the alumina during the seed decomposition process, subsequently increasing energy consumption in the aluminum electrolysis process, which is environmentally unfriendly. Combined with the global demand for lithium and the alumina industry’s pursuit of high-quality alumina, it highlights the essential need for lithium recovery in the alumina production process. This study utilized Amberlyst35 resin as an adsorbent for the adsorption of lithium from Bayer mother liquor. Under experimental conditions consisting of a causticity ratio of 1.5 in sodium aluminate solution, lithium ion concentration of 6.8 mmol/L, and a reaction temperature of 70 °C maintained over a 240-min period, the resin exhibited a lithium adsorption capacity of 5.88 mmol/g and a removal efficiency of 69.18%. The adsorption process was fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the theoretical saturation adsorption capacity of lithium was 6.485 mmol/g. The adsorption process is an endothermic process and occurs spontaneously. Analytical techniques, specifically Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, revealed the presence of sulfonic acid groups (–SO₃H) within the resin. A notable reduction in the peak intensities associated with these sulfonic acid groups post-adsorption suggested a direct interaction between the lithium ions and the sulfonic acid functionalities of the resin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 6","pages":"4339 - 4349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developments and Advances in Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Treatment of Industrial Wastewater","authors":"Sonal Rajoria,&nbsp;Manish Vashishtha,&nbsp;Vikas K. Sangal","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09733-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09733-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The modern world produces vast amounts of wastewater due to rising human activity, industry, and urbanization. Physicochemical and biological techniques are commonly utilized for the degradation of industrial wastewater and have proven to be highly effective in eliminating contaminants. However, some pollutants in industrial wastewater are very hard to eliminate with conventional physicochemical and biological methods, growing interest in using electrochemical oxidation (EO) for efficiently degrading industrial wastewater recently. This review mainly focuses on the effectiveness of different electrode materials in the EO process for wastewater treatment. The scope of research in this field is broad, and the purpose of this review is to evaluate how much interest there is in each field of industrial wastewater treatment. Since 2011, Science Direct has collected the number of annual articles directly relevant to electrode materials used for EO. A bar graph was used to analyze the evolution of research analyses from 2011 to 2023. According to this study, interest in electrode materials used for EO of wastewater treatment has increased throughout the past 13 years. In this paper, different electrode materials and industrial wastewater are discussed. The constantly growing trends in electrode materials used for EO of wastewater show that this technology is still in demand, and this interest should materialize into new applications for a sustainable and assured future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 6","pages":"4313 - 4338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generating Osmotic Power Using Waste Effluents for Pressure-Retarded Osmosis","authors":"Osamah A. H. AL-Musawi,&nbsp;Abdul Wahab Mohammad,&nbsp;Hameed B. Mahood,&nbsp;Wei Lun Ang,&nbsp;Ebrahim Mahmoudi,&nbsp;Abdul Amir H. Kadhum","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09751-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09751-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) has a chemical potential to generate sustainable energy by utilising a semi-permeable membrane. RO-brine management with effluents being disposed of and energy usage are two issues that RO systems and deionised units face. The energy generation using the PRO techniques is proposed to address both of these issues practically. PRO can be used and integrated with the configuration of RO-brine as draw solution (DS) and effluent from demineralisation unit as feed solution (FS) that may generate the osmotic power density when it is applied. In this study, osmotic pressure for DS and FS was computed experimentally to predict <span>({text{W}}_{text{p}})</span> of the PRO, and the performance of the PRO process was evaluated using various scenarios, which included the spatial process parameters of applied pressure, concentrations and flow rates for DS and FS. In this approach, the effluent solutions could serve as an inflow source. Additionally, there is no need for pre-treatment of the DS and FS, as is required in the common PRO system. Experiments were conducted to estimate the transport properties of commercial SW-membranes. Based on these experimental scenarios, trials were conducted using three DS of NaCl concentrations of ~ 51.8, 44.1, and 36.2 g/L to investigate the viability of the PRO, where the largest <span>({text{W}}_{text{p}})</span> reached 2.83, 2.32, and 1.94 W/m², while the smallest <span>({text{W}}_{text{p}})</span> was 1.5,1.18, and 1.0 W/m², and the flux reversal point of the <span>({Delta text{p}}_{text{PRO}}text{ was})</span>~10.8 bar and 9.4 bar, corresponding to the different flow rates. Additionally, the effects of dilution on the system were also observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 6","pages":"4295 - 4311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Technologies: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Hossein Seifi Davari,&nbsp;Mohsen Seify Davari,&nbsp;Ruxandra Mihaela Botez,&nbsp;Harun Chowdhury","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09723-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09723-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The accelerating global energy crisis and the worsening impacts of climate change have heightened the demand for alternative energy sources. Wind energy is one of the most reliable, affordable, efficient, and readily available renewable sources for residential and industrial use. In response, vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have garnered significant recognition in recent years, leading to increased development and widespread implementation across the globe. A VAWT is a type of wind turbine (WT) known for its compact design, ease of maintenance, and competence in utilizing wind from multiple directions, making it highly suitable for city landscapes. The global impact of VAWTs is significant, as they contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions and the transition toward a more sustainable energy future. Despite these benefits, VAWTs face drawbacks, including lower performance than horizontal axis wind turbines and challenges with achieving consistent self-starting under varying wind speed (<span>({U}_{infty })</span>) conditions. This work primarily explores scientific literature and contemporary advancements in VAWT research. The study examines the existing research gaps, challenges, and potential future directions for these turbines and their applications. The outcomes of different strategies are thoroughly evaluated, with the most effective methods highlighted. Consequently, this review offers comprehensive insights into the challenges and solution approaches associated with VAWTs, paving the way for future research to improve aerodynamic performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 4","pages":"2169 - 2216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}