Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Concluding Preface","authors":"Afaque Shams, Khaled Al-Athel, Iztok Tiselj, Bojan Ničeno, Ihsan ulhaq Toor","doi":"10.1007/s13369-025-10023-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-025-10023-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 5","pages":"2945 - 2945"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Design of NDP-400: Economical Heat Generation for Efficient Desalination","authors":"H. J. Jeong,&nbsp;J. S. Song,&nbsp;G. M. Lee,&nbsp;H. Cho,&nbsp;S. S. Lim,&nbsp;Y. Alessi,&nbsp;M. Albooq,&nbsp;J. J. Choi,&nbsp;Y. H. Jeong,&nbsp;H. Kwon","doi":"10.1007/s13369-025-09973-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-025-09973-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nuclear reactor power for a heat to desalinate the seawater has been deeply considered in Saudi Arabia. For this purpose, the steam temperature shall be required with the relative low temperature around <span>(100,^{circ }hbox {C})</span>. The 400MWth nuclear heating reactor (NDP-400) dedicated to supplying heat for desalination is developed with cooperation of Saudi Arabia and South Korea. In order to improve the safety and to achieve the economics goal, the advanced features, in-vessel control rod drive mechanism (IV-CRDM), printed circuit heat intermediate exchanger (PCIHX), and canned motor type reactor coolant pump (RCP) are harmonized with the design of SMART, which is an integral-type SMR developed by KAERI. This paper will describe the main design features and safety analysis results for representative accidents for the NDP-400</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 5","pages":"3617 - 3628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13369-025-09973-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Combined Utilization of Active Cooler/Heater and Blade-Shaped Nanoparticles in Base Fluid for Performance Improvement of Thermoelectric Generator Mounted in Between Vented Cavities","authors":"Fatih Selimefendigil,&nbsp;Hakan F. Oztop","doi":"10.1007/s13369-025-09972-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-025-09972-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A wide range of technical applications, including solar power, waste heat recovery, electronics thermal management, and heat exchangers, employ thermoelectric generators. They can be mounted in between channels / cavities where hot and cold fluid streams exist. In this study, two novel methods of enhancing the power generation from thermoelectric generator device mounted in between vented cavities are proposed by combined utilization of active heater/cooler rectangular blocks and blade-shaped nanoparticles in base fluid. Finite element method investigation is conducted numerically for a range of hot and cold stream Reynolds numbers (250–1000), non-dimensional hot and cold block sizes (0.01<span>(-)</span>0.4), and heating/cooling increments (0–10), with nanoparticle loading limited to 0.03. Higher values of Reynolds number results in a rise in thermoelectric generator power. When comparing the cases of lowest and highest Reynolds number combinations, a 219<span>(%)</span> increase in power is achieved. The thermoelectric generator power will rise by around 27.5<span>(%)</span> when the object size reaches its maximum. However, for moderate object sizes, up to 31.6<span>(%)</span> reduction in power generation can be realized. Greater temperature differences result in a linearly rising power generation, with an achievable power increase of up to 22<span>(%)</span>. When nanoparticle loading in the base fluid for both cavities is raised to its maximum value, the resultant power increases by around <span>(30%)</span>. Thermoelectric generator power rises by 67.8<span>(%)</span> when an active heater/cooler with nanofluid is used in vented cavities, as opposed to the reference scenario of employing no object and only water. The thermoelectric generator device’s hot and cold interface temperatures are accurately estimated using the artificial neural network based method. The estimated temperature can be used as boundary condition for the solution of the governing equations in the thermoelectric generator device domain which will decrease the computational cost when dealing with very complex channel configurations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 4","pages":"2925 - 2943"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13369-025-09972-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Methods and Representative Cases for Fluid–Structure Interaction in Nuclear Reactor Vessel and Internals","authors":"Pascal Veber,&nbsp;Fredrik Tornberg,&nbsp;Afaque Shams,&nbsp;Osman K. Siddiqui","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09856-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09856-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flow-induced vibration (FIV) in nuclear reactor vessels has been extensively studied during the mechanical design of reactor vessels. Many power plants have increased the interest in coupled modern fluid and solid mechanics codes to facilitate the understanding of the phenomena causing damage to components termed fluid–structure interaction (FSI). A better understanding of these structure interactions is critical for enhancing safety, minimizing radiation risks, improving public health and safety, and fostering innovation in the nuclear industry. Furthermore, it supports nuclear energy as a clean alternative to fossil fuels, contributing to the reduction of global carbon emissions and advancing responsible production and consumption. Pressure wave propagation, acoustic resonance, flow-induced turbulence, and fluid-elastic instability are the four types of FSI-coupled systems that are investigated in this work. Different computational methods are presented to simulate FSI problems and should be selected depending on the physical complexity of the problems. One-way FSI where Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) or thermal-hydraulics results are applied on a structural model is common, while FSI calculations with iterative fluid–structure simulations will be more and more available with the increase in computer capacity and the development of a more cost-effective turbulence model. Most modeling results have resulted in errors in the range of ± 10% with the experimental data; however, in some cases, the choice of a different boundary condition has been shown to result in up to 30% errors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 5","pages":"3591 - 3615"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Health Monitoring of Nuclear Site Facilities Using Optimal Sensor Placement for Damage Detection and Prediction of Failure","authors":"Asad Muhammad Butt","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09853-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09853-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The structural components of nuclear power plants (NPPs) and their support systems are built to endure a variety of thermal, vibrational, and fatigue loads. These structures are vulnerable to damage from unanticipated events, even with rigorous design considerations. There is a real risk of nuclear radiation leaks, infrastructure destruction, and human casualties. Continuous structural health monitoring of such structures guarantees safety and effective maintenance procedures, preventing disastrous consequences. The use of finite element analysis (FEA) offers a useful perspective on the behavior of structures when they are in use. With fewer sensors, optimal sensor placement (OSP) offers crucial and economical structural insight. Using a reduced order FE model for complete field estimation of the structural behavior is possible when using the OSP approach via FEA. A System Equivalent Reduction Expansion Process (SEREP) and a D-Optimal approach have been employed in tandem for sensor placement and complete field estimation of the measured, respectively. Three test scenarios, where simple structural elements like plates and beams with different boundary conditions are subjected to impact and single point harmonic loads are employed. It has been demonstrated that when strain data is gathered at the optimal sensor locations, it can be used to recreate fairly accurately structural dynamic response when seen at various time instances. The complete field strain/displacement fields for the structures made it possible to pinpoint the location and magnitude of the load. Force prediction error was recorded as low as 11% for a cantilever beam and 13% in case of all sides clamped plate. The problem formulation through this work gives an advantage to utilize the FEA environment provided by COMSOL and using the solution file to extract data in the MATLAB LiveLink environment. Also, execution of D-Optimal function in MATLAB and custom sensor placement studies along with the detection of force through SEREP expansion was the ultimate goal. In order to provide a thorough and in-depth monitoring of NPP structures and to prevent damages and failures due to unidentified cause(s), it is suggested that the above technique be applied to structures like reactors, boilers, and pipes in nuclear facilities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 5","pages":"3579 - 3590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear Power, Photovoltaics, and Compressed Air Energy Storage: A Low-Cost, on-Demand Power Hub for Saudi Arabia","authors":"Jihad Hassan AlSadah","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09731-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09731-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Saudi Arabia’s energy portfolio is shifting toward low-carbon solar photovoltaics (PV) and nuclear energy. PV intermittency and seasonality must be considered along its low cost which reached globally low value of <span>(text{c}!!| 1.04/kWh_{e,PV})</span> in SA. Nuclear power plants, NPPs, are reliable and cost stable: <span>(text{c}!!| 4.2 - 7.1/kWh_{e,NPP})</span>. NPP requires <span>(2.7{text{liter}}/kWh_{e,NPP})</span> freshwater for evaporative cooling stressing water resources. NPP is best operated at constant maximum power avoiding xenon poisoning operational complexity and keeping capital intensive LCOE low. This paper explores alternative roles for NPPs in Saudi Arabia: base-load electricity generation, dedicated desalination, and functioning as energy hub integrating energy storage systems and PV power. Base-load operation is not competitive compared to combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) or future PV/battery systems. NPP can operate thermal and membrane desalination with good economics of <span>(293.7{text{liter}}/kWh_{e})</span> and energy cost component of <span>($ 0.14 - 0.24/m^{3} .)</span>. Our study recommends integrating constant NPPs with intermittent PV systems using compressed air energy storage (CAES). Liquid piston used in CAES enables efficient quasi-isothermal compression/expansion. PV powers charging/compression and NPP heat powers discharging/expansion. The system includes ice thermal storage, 310 °C phase-changing-material hot storage with 200 bar high-pressure tanks storing cold air. The system enables power on demand, POD independent from PV and NPP time profiles. PV-NPP-CAES POD costs 36% less than NPP cost. Electricity generated is 2.35X higher than its NPP contribution. Integrating SA locally advantageous PV to reliable NPPs by utilizing industrially mature CAES and thermal storage represents a promising energy plan for Saudi Arabia, constituting an energy hub of low-cost and reliable power on demand.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 5","pages":"3563 - 3577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Study of Near-Field Radionuclides Dispersion Around Barakah Power Plant During Postulated Accidental Release Scenarios","authors":"Fatema Ali Almazrouei,&nbsp;Yacine Addad,&nbsp;Peter Rodgers","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09734-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09734-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the assessment of hazards arising from nuclear power plant incidents, informed by the Fukushima catastrophe. It evaluates the environmental impact of noble gases, such as iodine-131 releases, recognizing the limitations of current local computational tools, particularly in predicting near-field dispersion accurately. Utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD), this study validates this approach’s effectiveness in predicting pollutant dispersion around buildings. Among the five turbulence models tested, the Lag Elliptic Blending (EB) <i>k-ε</i> model emerges as the most suitable for simulating radioactive pollutant dispersion due to its superior performance in capturing flow dynamics. The findings underscore the inadequacy of traditional Gaussian plume models in accounting for the effects of buildings on dispersion patterns. Notably, simulations around the Barakah nuclear site located in the United Arab Emirates reveal the significant influence of buildings on the trajectory of radioactive pollutants from hypothetical cracks. Consequently, it advocates caution in relying solely on classical Gaussian plume models for evacuation plans, as they may overlook crucial flow patterns due to building presence, potentially leading to distorted assessments of gas distribution and deposition rates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 5","pages":"3539 - 3561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13369-024-09734-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward the Development of a Comprehensive Nuclear System Analysis Code Based on Two-Fluid Model: Starting with an Isentropic Approach","authors":"Sultan Al-Faifi","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09709-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09709-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the complex field of nuclear reactor design and analysis, there is a continuous need for sophisticated computational models that can accurately capture the diverse and challenging thermal hydraulic phenomena during steady-state and transient conditions. This research sets the stage for the development of a comprehensive system analysis code for nuclear reactor thermal hydraulic design, starting with a fully implicit isentropic two-fluid model with four governing equations. The computational methodology for this model incorporated the Advection Upstream Splitting Method scheme with a staggered grid arrangement. The nonlinear system of governing equations was solved implicitly by employing Newton’s method while a numerical Jacobian matrix was calculated for the derivative terms, enhancing the stability and efficiency of the solution process. The performance of the model was assessed using three classical two-phase benchmark problems: water faucet problem, oscillating manometer problem, and air–water phase separation problem. The validation results indicate a reliable and accurate prediction of the model. Consequently, the successful development and validation of current two-fluid isentropic model provide a solid foundation for the future development of a comprehensive nuclear system analysis code based on the two-fluid model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 5","pages":"3533 - 3538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of the Shear Design Provisions of ACI Code and Eurocode for Self-Compacting Concrete, Recycled Aggregate Concrete, and Geopolymer Concrete Beams","authors":"Subhan Ahmad,&nbsp;Md. Fozail Ahmad,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Al-Osta","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09712-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09712-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shear failure in RC beams can lead to sudden and catastrophic collapse, posing significant risks to the occupants and the structure itself. The computation of the shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams is essential to ensure structural safety and stability. Proper shear strength calculations guide the design and reinforcement requirements, ensuring the beam can safely carry the expected loads. The present study aims to investigate the applicability of the shear design provisions of ACI 318-14, ACI 318-19, and EN 1992-1-1:2004 for self-compacting concrete (SCC), recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), and geopolymer concrete (GPC) reinforced concrete slender beams. For this purpose, a database of 411 slender reinforced concrete beams (150-SCC, 200-RAC, and 61-GPC) was compiled from 62 studies published between 2001 and 2023. Statistical analysis was performed to ascertain the accuracy of various design codes for the evaluation of the shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams cast with SCC, RAC, and GPC beams. The theoretical shear capacities and strength ratios (<i>S</i>/<i>R</i>) were calculated for each member using the provisions of ACI 318-14, ACI 318-19, and EN 1992-1-1:2004. The average (<i>S</i>/<i>R</i>), standard deviations, and coefficient of variance (COV) were also calculated for each code. For SCC, RAC, and GPC beams without shear reinforcement, the average <i>S</i>/<i>R</i> was found to be maximum for EN 1992-1-1:2004, followed by ACI 319-19 and ACI 318-14. The average <i>S</i>/<i>R</i> for ACI 318-14 and ACI 318-19 was found to be similar and higher than the average <i>S</i>/<i>R</i> yielded by EN 1992-1-1:2004 for beams with shear reinforcement. The consistency in the prediction of shear capacity was better for ACI 318-19, with an average COV of 16% for SCC and RAC beams and 29% for GPC beams without shear reinforcement. Overall, the performance of ACI 318-19 was found to be better than the other two codes, with a maximum number of conservative results. Finally, the failure modes of RC beams cast with SCC, RAC, and GPC are discussed. The failure modes in terms of crack initiation and propagation for SCC, RAC, and GPC beams were found to be identical to conventional concrete beams.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 3","pages":"1355 - 1392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Technologies: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Hossein Seifi Davari,&nbsp;Mohsen Seify Davari,&nbsp;Ruxandra Mihaela Botez,&nbsp;Harun Chowdhury","doi":"10.1007/s13369-024-09723-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-024-09723-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The accelerating global energy crisis and the worsening impacts of climate change have heightened the demand for alternative energy sources. Wind energy is one of the most reliable, affordable, efficient, and readily available renewable sources for residential and industrial use. In response, vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have garnered significant recognition in recent years, leading to increased development and widespread implementation across the globe. A VAWT is a type of wind turbine (WT) known for its compact design, ease of maintenance, and competence in utilizing wind from multiple directions, making it highly suitable for city landscapes. The global impact of VAWTs is significant, as they contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions and the transition toward a more sustainable energy future. Despite these benefits, VAWTs face drawbacks, including lower performance than horizontal axis wind turbines and challenges with achieving consistent self-starting under varying wind speed (<span>({U}_{infty })</span>) conditions. This work primarily explores scientific literature and contemporary advancements in VAWT research. The study examines the existing research gaps, challenges, and potential future directions for these turbines and their applications. The outcomes of different strategies are thoroughly evaluated, with the most effective methods highlighted. Consequently, this review offers comprehensive insights into the challenges and solution approaches associated with VAWTs, paving the way for future research to improve aerodynamic performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"50 4","pages":"2169 - 2216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}