Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Machine Learning-Driven Experimental Field Data Analysis of Water Permeability in Concrete Across Different Exposure Conditions","authors":"Abdulrahman Aliyu,&nbsp;Shaik Inayath Basha,&nbsp;Mohammed Shameem,&nbsp;Mohammed Rizwan Ali,&nbsp;Mesfer M. Al-Zahrani,&nbsp;Mohammed Maslehuddin","doi":"10.1007/s13369-026-11427-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-026-11427-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water permeability governs the ingress of aggressive agents, such as chlorides and sulfates, critically affecting concrete durability and service life. While several machine learning (ML) studies have explored the short-term laboratory datasets, few have examined long-term field behavior under diverse environmental exposure conditions. This study leverages an unprecedented 19-year field database comprising 1924 data points across tidal, aboveground, and belowground exposure zones in a marine environment to predict and interpret the evolution of water permeability in concrete with varying composition. The effect of key parameters, including supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), fibers, corrosion inhibitors, curing methods, and water type, on water permeability in concrete were evaluated. Three ML models, namely support vector regression (SVR), random forest (RF), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), were trained and compared. XGBoost exhibited the best generalization (<i>R</i>² = 0.87), capturing non-monotonic permeability trends consistent with cyclic wetting and drying. Model interpretability was enhanced through SHAP-based feature importance and correlation analysis, revealing the dominant influence of SCM type, w/cm ratio, and exposure conditions. This work bridges experimental field evidence with interpretable ML prediction, offering a robust, data-driven framework for durability design and potential integration with reliability or service life models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"51 18","pages":"21405 - 21422"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient and Ripple Free AC–DC Resonant Converter with Power Factor Correction Capability","authors":"Waqar Uddin,&nbsp;Kamran Zeb,&nbsp;Adnan Saeed,&nbsp;Muhammad Majid Gulzar,&nbsp;Muhammad Khalid","doi":"10.1007/s13369-026-11425-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-026-11425-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper introduces a high-performance and highly-efficient isolated current-fed AC–DC resonant converter that attains negligible input current ripple, output voltage regulation, and near-unity power factor within a single-stage configuration. The topology prominently features the incorporation of a voltage bidirectional two-quadrant (VBTQ) switch positioned between the resonant inductor and the voltage-doubler circuit on the secondary side. The VBTQ switch facilitates independent control of output voltage and input current, allowing the primary-side switches to operate at a constant 50% duty cycle, thus significantly reducing input current ripple and eliminating the necessity for a filter inductor. Moreover, unlike other resonant converters, the proposed design employs simple pulse-width modulation (PWM) for control, which significantly simplifies both its implementation and operation. The duty cycle of the VBTQ switch effectively regulates output and improves the power factor. A 1.2 kW hardware prototype exhibits outstanding performance, attaining 96.0% efficiency, a power factor of 0.998, and a stabilized 380 V DC output. Additionally, soft-switching is achieved across all devices at a switching frequency of 50 kHz, featuring zero-voltage turn-on and zero-current turn-off, thereby enhancing efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"51 16","pages":"19551 - 19564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature- and Rate-Dependent Stress–Strain–Time Behavior of Sands and Its Simulation Using a Modified Nonlinear Three-Component Model","authors":"Kosit Jariyatatsakorn,&nbsp;Warat Kongkitkul,&nbsp;Yodphao Punya-in","doi":"10.1007/s13369-026-11378-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-026-11378-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the time-dependent deformation of granular materials under coupled thermal and mechanical loading is essential for the safe design of geotechnical structures subjected to temperature variations. This study investigates the temperature- and rate-dependent stress–strain–time behavior of three sands—KMUTT, Hostun, and Ottawa sands—through temperature-controlled consolidated drained triaxial compression (CDTC) tests conducted at constant temperatures ranging from 30 to 60 °C. The experimental program included monotonic loading, sustained loading (creep), and strain-rate change tests to characterize elastic, inviscid, and viscous responses. The results reveal clear material-dependent thermal effects: KMUTT and Hostun sands, composed of sub-angular to angular particles, exhibit thermal weakening characterized by reductions in peak shear strength and elastic stiffness with increasing temperature, whereas Ottawa sand, composed of rounded particles, exhibits thermal strengthening with enhanced strength and stiffness at elevated temperatures. In contrast, the intrinsic viscous properties of the sands, including the rate-sensitivity coefficient and viscosity type, were found to be essentially independent of temperature within the tested range. To simulate these coupled behaviors within a unified framework, a modified Nonlinear Three-Component (NTC) model was developed by introducing a temperature effect parameter into the elastic and inviscid components while maintaining temperature-independent viscous parameters. The model successfully reproduces temperature- and rate-dependent stress–strain responses, transient stress jumps associated with strain-rate changes, and time-dependent creep behavior. The contrasting thermal responses are interpreted in terms of particle shape, where thermal expansion disturbs particle interlocking in angular sands but enhances inter-particle contact forces in rounded sands.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"51 18","pages":"21381 - 21404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluvial Heterogeneity of Upper Triassic Strata in Central Saudi Arabia: Enhancing CO₂ Storage Strategies","authors":"Abdullah Alqubalee,&nbsp;Abdulwahab Bello,&nbsp;Adhipa Herlambang,&nbsp;John Humphrey,&nbsp;Ardiansyah Koeshidayatullah,&nbsp;Kevin Taylor,&nbsp;Khalid Al-Ramadan","doi":"10.1007/s13369-026-11417-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-026-11417-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines multiscale lithofacies heterogeneity in Upper Triassic fluvial deposits and its implications for CO₂ storage. This heterogeneity poses significant challenges, often increasing uncertainty due to limited exploration across scales and weak inter-scale connections. To address this issue, the study employed a range of methods to analyze heterogeneity across multiple scales: macroscale (outcrop scale), mesoscale (core-sample scale), and microscale (thin-section scale) within the Upper Triassic fluvial deposits in central Saudi Arabia. This comprehensive approach provides a nuanced understanding of the complex geological characteristics at each scale. At the macroscale, three assemblages were recognized: pre-Minjur, lower Minjur, and upper Minjur. Five lithofacies associations were identified within these strata, including sandstone (LA1), mudstone (LA2), sandstone interbedded with mudstone (LA3), mudstone interbedded with sandstone (LA4), and conglomerate (LA5). LA1 and LA3 together account for approximately 75% of potential CO₂ storage, whereas LA2 and LA4 account for approximately 24.8% of the studied sections. LA1 and LA3 are predominantly observed in the Upper Minjur, whereas LA2 and LA4 are dominant in the pre-Minjur and Lower Minjur assemblages. At the mesoscale, the samples under study fall into three categories: silica, argillaceous (including mudstones), and ferruginous sandstones, also referred to as Triassic red beds. Samples studied at the microscale are grouped into nine clusters, labeled Cluster-1 to Cluster-9. Collectively, the multiscale heterogeneity of the Upper Triassic strata is classified into two categories: low and high heterogeneity. Low heterogeneity comprises mainly the upper Minjur, the silica sandstone, and Clusters 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8. In contrast, high heterogeneity encompasses mainly pre-Minjur and lower Minjur argillaceous and ferruginous sandstones, as well as Clusters 1, 5, 6, and 9. The level of sandstone heterogeneity can significantly affect the efficiency of CO₂ storage. Low heterogeneity facilitates even CO₂ distribution but may not be optimal for CO₂ trapping. High heterogeneity enables greater CO₂ trapping but can adversely affect pore-fluid transport and increase the rate of geochemical reactions. Understanding sandstone heterogeneity for CO₂ storage requires integrating multiple multiscale approaches. By integrating findings from multiscale studies, this research emphasizes the importance of a multiscale approach to enhance understanding, reduce uncertainty, and improve predictability in CO₂ storage strategies, thereby contributing to sustainable energy and climate change mitigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"51 17","pages":"20369 - 20407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Improvement of Highly Plastic Clay Using Magnetized Water","authors":"Mohammad O. Taamneh,&nbsp;Umair Ali,&nbsp;Mubashir Aziz,&nbsp;Usman Ali","doi":"10.1007/s13369-026-11431-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-026-11431-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Expansive clays pose ongoing serviceability and safety challenges owing to their pronounced swell-shrink behavior in response to moisture fluctuations. Conventional stabilization using cement-based and industrial waste materials results in significant carbon emissions and environmental impact burdens. In the search for sustainable alternatives, magnetized water (MW) has emerged as a potentially eco-friendly and innovative solution. However, its utilization in the field of geotechnical engineering remains unexplored. This study aims to present a comprehensive investigation into the effectiveness of MW as a promising green and sustainable technology for stabilizing highly plastic soils. MW was produced by passing ordinary water (OW) through a magnetizer tube, subjected to multiple passes (1, 3, 6, and 9) through the magnetic field. Laboratory tests were conducted on two sets of clayey soil samples: one mixed with OW and another with MW. To investigate the degradation of magnetic efficacy over time, this study also assessed various curing and post-magnetization mixing periods. Results indicated that MW is an effective stabilizing agent for plastic soils, with density, compressive strength, and pre-consolidation pressure increasing by 9.1%, 86%, and 50%, respectively. Additionally, it reduced plasticity, free swell, linear shrinkage, and optimum moisture content by 41%, 86%, 73%, and 45%, respectively. Statistical analysis shows that the improvement beyond six passes was marginal, indicating that six passes represent the optimal condition for achieving maximum improvement. Statistical analysis also confirms no difference between immediate use of MW and after 12 h. of storage. From 12 h. to 7 days of storage prior to mixing, the improvement progressively decreased with increasing the storage, revealing a gradual attenuation of magnetic efficacy with time. After 12 days of storage prior to mixing, MW became statistically indistinguishable from OW. Therefore, MW remains practically meaningful for field application for subgrade and embankment improvement when generated on demand and used promptly, while long‑term storage of MW is not recommended.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"51 18","pages":"21359 - 21380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing PCB Defect Detection through the Integration of Multi-strategy Small-Target Data Enhancement","authors":"Xiaoying Jiang,&nbsp;Zhiqing Yu,&nbsp;Xin Wang,&nbsp;Hongyan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s13369-026-11419-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-026-11419-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address core challenges in small-target printed circuit board (PCB) defect detection—including inadequate feature description, semantic overlap, and size mismatch—this study proposes a novel closed-loop multi-strategy data augmentation framework. A key contribution lies in moving beyond traditional linear feature extraction toward a holistic, multi-scale analytical framework, replacing fine-grained point-by-point analysis with broader regional assessment to boost detection precision while enforcing stricter matching criteria. To mitigate geometric distortions from viewing angle variations, a geometric transformation-based transfer matrix is employed for spatial alignment, effectively correcting image geometric deviations. Building on this, a convolutional feature pyramid module integrated with DenseNet-style dense connectivity significantly enhances small-target representation without increasing the number of parameters. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves mAP @0.5 scores of 92.6%, 87.8%, and 93.9%, yielding statistically significant improvements of 1.0–2.3% over state-of-the-art methods (<i>p</i> &lt; 0<i>.</i>01). These results indicate enhanced preservation of small defects under complex background conditions, confirming the robustness and practical effectiveness of the proposed approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"51 16","pages":"19533 - 19549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distributed Pilot Assignment for UAV-Enabled Cell-Free and Small Cell Systems","authors":"Nguyen Thi Dieu Linh,&nbsp;Kieu Xuan Thuc,&nbsp;Pham Thanh Hiep,&nbsp;Bui Anh Duc","doi":"10.1007/s13369-026-11405-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-026-11405-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper addresses the critical pilot contamination problem in the uplink of UAV-enabled wireless networks, covering both cell-free (CF) and small cell (SC) architectures. In these systems, UAV-enabled communication relays (UCRs) collaboratively serve users without fixed terrestrial infrastructure; CF has all UCRs jointly serving all users, while SC has users served by the strongest gain UCR. The reuse of limited orthogonal pilot sequences severely degrades channel estimation accuracy, especially in dynamic UCR environments. To overcome this, we propose a pilot assignment for master UCRs (PAMU), a novel decentralized strategy where the UCR with the strongest connection to the user locally assigns the pilot. This effectively minimizes pilot interference on dominant links and significantly reduces the central unit computational load. We benchmark the performance of PAMU against random pilot assignment and the spatial pilot reassignment (SPR) algorithm, evaluating it with and without power control optimization through extensive simulations across various network settings, including different numbers of UCRs, users, pilot sequence lengths, and UCR altitudes. Results show PAMU dramatically improves average user throughput and substantially reduces pilot contamination in both CF and SC systems. While SPR is more effective for enhancing the minimum user rate, and random assignment consistently yields the lowest performance, PAMU delivers strong overall performance, proving to be a practical and efficient decentralized pilot control solution for user-centric wireless networks, offering valuable insights for future aerial communication system design.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"51 16","pages":"19517 - 19531"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hardware-Efficient Approximate Multipliers Using LUT-Based Compressors and Adders","authors":"B. Chandrababu Naik,&nbsp;Kalpaj Kashyap,&nbsp;A. S. Sri Hari,&nbsp;Anju Thomas,&nbsp;Varun P.Gopi","doi":"10.1007/s13369-026-11421-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-026-11421-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents three FPGA-specific approximate multiplier architectures that employ custom-designed 4:2 and 2:2 compressors together with a pipelined adder, explicitly optimized for the Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA primitives (<span>LUT6</span><span>(_2)</span> and <span>CARRY4</span>). By combining aggressive partial-product truncation with LUT-level coding and compressor–adder co-design, the proposed architectures facilitate the scalable construction of <span>(8times 8)</span>, <span>(16times 16)</span>, and <span>(32times 32)</span> multipliers. Synthesis results demonstrate reductions of up to 68% in LUT utilization and 9% in power consumption compared to conventional Vedic multipliers, along with improvements in the area–delay and power–delay product metrics. Image-quality evaluations using MAE, NRMSE, PSNR, and SSIM indicate that the best-performing design achieves high fidelity (PSNR above 43 dB and SSIM close to 0.99) while maintaining low resource usage. The scalable and reconfigurable characteristics of the proposed architectures enable their deployment in energy-constrained FPGA accelerators and edge AI systems, thereby bridging the gap between approximate designs targeting ASICs and those optimized for FPGA-based hardware.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"51 16","pages":"19501 - 19516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Heat Treatment-Induced Microstructural Evolution on the Machinability of IN718 Superalloy","authors":"Hesamedin Ayati,&nbsp;Mostafa Ebrahimi,&nbsp;Mohammad Hadi Ghaderi,&nbsp;Zahra-Sadat Seyedraoufi,&nbsp;Yazdan Shajari,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Gorji,&nbsp;Seyed Hossein Razavi","doi":"10.1007/s13369-026-11326-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-026-11326-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the effects of various heat treatment cycles on the microstructure and machinability of IN718 superalloy were systematically investigated. Four different thermal conditions, including single-step and two-step solution treatments followed by aging, were applied to cylindrical specimens. Precipitation hardening was performed in a controlled argon atmosphere, and the evolution of grain structure, precipitate phases (γ′, γ″, δ), and carbides (MC-type) was characterized using SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDS (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) techniques. Microhardness profiles from surface to core were measured to assess thermal stability and hardness distribution. Machining experiments were conducted using a ceramic cutting tool under different feed rates, and surface roughness (Ra and Rz), chip morphology, and tool wear mechanisms were analyzed. The results revealed that samples subjected to aging exhibited higher hardness and thermal stability but reduced machinability due to increased tool wear and chip serration. Surface quality degraded with increasing hardness and feed rate, and delamination was identified as the dominant tool wear mechanism. Overall, the study demonstrates a strong correlation between heat treatment-induced microstructural changes and machinability performance in IN718, emphasizing the need to balance mechanical strength with tool life and surface integrity in high-performance machining operations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"51 14","pages":"17493 - 17513"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uranium in Seawater: A Review of the Extraction Techniques, Detection Methods, and Quantum Chemical Perspectives","authors":"Listya Eka Anggraini,&nbsp;Sharhan Hasabi Haputra,&nbsp;Nur Allif Fathurrahman,&nbsp;Mohd Kamran Khan,&nbsp;Rashed S. Bakdash,&nbsp;Muhammad Naeem Younis,&nbsp;Chanbasha Basheer,&nbsp;Abdulaziz A. Al-Saadi","doi":"10.1007/s13369-026-11377-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13369-026-11377-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Uranium dissolved in seawater represents a vast and virtually inexhaustible resource, offering a promising pathway to sustain nuclear energy production while reducing reliance on conventional mining practices. Despite this potential, its ultra-low concentration and the complexity of competing ions in marine environments make both recovery and detection highly challenging. Recent advances in material design, analytical techniques, and theoretical modeling have significantly improved the feasibility of uranium utilization from seawater. This review critically examines the progress made in enhancing uranium recovery efficiency through the development of highly selective and robust systems capable of operating under realistic marine conditions. Particular attention is given to the fundamental factors governing adsorption performance, including binding affinity, kinetics, and resistance to interference from competing species. In parallel, emerging detection strategies are evaluated for their sensitivity, reliability, and suitability for trace-level monitoring in complex matrices. Furthermore, the growing contribution of computational approaches, especially density functional theory, is highlighted for providing molecular-level understanding of uranyl interactions and guiding the rational design of next-generation materials. By integrating experimental developments with theoretical insights, this review identifies the key limitations that continue to hinder large-scale implementation and outlines future directions toward more efficient, economically viable, and sustainable uranium recovery from seawater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54354,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","volume":"51 17","pages":"19779 - 19813"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}