Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Suicidality risk after using cannabis and cannabinoids: An umbrella review.","authors":"Ahmad Shamabadi, Ali Ahmadzade, Kasra Pirahesh, Alireza Hasanzadeh, Hassan Asadigandomani","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2231466","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2231466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing prevalence and burden of suicide have led to numerous studies to identify its risk factors. Cannabis is the most common illicit substance detected in suicide victims' toxicology tests. This study aims to identify and appraise systematic reviews investigating suicidality after using cannabis and cannabinoids. Seven databases and two registries were searched without restrictions for systematic reviews investigating cannabis effects on suicidality. AMSTAR-2 was used for quality assessment and corrected covered area and citation matrix were used to determine overlap. Twenty-five studies were included, of which 24 were on recreational use and one was on therapeutic use. Only three of the studies on recreational use reported no effect or inconsistent results. Evidence generally showed a positive association between cannabis use and suicidal ideation and attempt among the general population, military veterans, and bipolar or major depression patients. A bidirectional causal association between cannabis and suicidal ideation was also mentioned. Moreover, a younger age of initiation, long-term use, and heavy consumption were reported to be associated with even worse suicidal outcomes. On the contrary, current evidence indicates that the therapeutic cannabis is safe. In conclusion, the literature supports the cannabis-suicidality association in recreational use but considers cannabidiol safe for treatment. Further studies with quantitative and interventional approaches are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"50-63"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/07/fd/TDCN_25_2231466.PMC10334849.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9950451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polysomnographic parameters in long-COVID chronic insomnia patients.","authors":"Alexandre Rouen, Jonathan Taïeb, Gabriela Caetano, Victor Pitron, Maxime Elbaz, Dominique Salmon, Damien Leger","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2222714","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2222714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>While COVID-19 is predominantly considered to be an acute self-remitting disease, it has been pointed out that a variety of symptoms can linger for several months, a phenomenon identified as long-COVID. Insomnia is particularly prevalent in long-COVID. In the present study, we aimed at confirming and characterising insomnia in long-COVID patients through polysomnography and to identify whether its parameters differ from patients with chronic insomnia and no long-COVID history.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a case-control study, including 17 long-COVID patients with insomnia symptoms (cases), and 34 2:1 matched controls with a diagnostic of chronic insomnia and no history of long-COVID. All underwent a one-night polysomnography (PSG).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>First, we observed that long-COVID patients with insomnia complaints have altered PSG parameters, in favour of the diagnosis of chronic insomnia. Second, we show that insomnia related to long-COVID PSG parameters was not significantly different from regular chronic insomnia PSG parameters.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our results indicate that even though it is one of the most prevalent symptoms of long-COVID, its related insomnia resembles typical chronic insomnia, based on PSG studies. Even though additional studies are warranted, our results suggest that the pathophysiology and therapeutic options should be similar to those recommended for chronic insomnia.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"43-49"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10316734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9806900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural correlates of negative life events and their relationships with alcohol and cannabis use initiation.","authors":"Yihong Zhao, Marc N Potenza, Susan F Tapert, Martin P Paulus","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2252437","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2252437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Negative life events (NLEs), e.g., poor academic performance (controllable) or being the victim of a crime (uncontrollable), can profoundly affect the trajectory of one's life. Yet, their impact on how the brain develops is still not well understood. This investigation examined the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) dataset for the impact of NLEs on the initiation of alcohol and cannabis use, as well as underlying neural mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study evaluated the impact of controllable and uncontrollable NLEs on substance use initiation in 207 youth who initiated alcohol use, 168 who initiated cannabis use, and compared it to 128 youth who remained substance-naïve, using generalised linear regression models. Mediation analyses were conducted to determine neural pathways of NLE impacting substance use trajectories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dose-response relationships between controllable NLEs and substance use initiation were observed. Having one controllable NLE increased the odds of alcohol initiation by 50% (95%CI [1.18, 1.93]) and cannabis initiation by 73% (95%CI [1.36, 2.24]), respectively. Greater cortical thickness in left banks of the superior temporal sulcus mediated effects of controllable NLEs on alcohol and cannabis initiations. Greater left caudate gray-matter volumes mediated effects of controllable NLEs on cannabis initiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Controllable but not uncontrollable NLEs increased the odds of alcohol and cannabis initiation. Moreover, those individuals with less mature brain structures at the time of the NLEs experienced a greater impact of NLEs on subsequent initiation of alcohol or cannabis use. Targeting youth experiencing controllable NLEs may help mitigate alcohol and cannabis initiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"112-121"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10623894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71429220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanicity and psychotic disorders: Facts and hypotheses.","authors":"Baptiste Pignon, Andrei Szöke, Benson Ku, Maria Melchior, Franck Schürhoff","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2272824","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2272824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present qualitative literature review, we summarise data on psychotic disorders and urbanicity, focusing particularly on recent findings. Longitudinal studies of the impact of urbanicity on the risk for psychotic disorders have consistently shown a significant association, with a relative risk between 2 and 2.5. However, most of the original studies were conducted in Western Europe, and no incidence studies were conducted in low- and middle-income countries. European studies suggest that neighbourhood-level social fragmentation and social capital may partly explain this association. Exposure to air pollution (positive association) and green space (negative association) may also be part of the explanation, but to date, available data do not make it possible to conclude if they act independently from urbanicity, or as part of the effect of urbanicity on psychotic disorders. Finally, several studies have consistently shown significant associations between the polygenic risk score for schizophrenia and urbanicity, with several possible explanations (pleiotropic effects, results of prodromic symptoms, or selection/intergenerational hypothesis). Thus, more studies are needed to understand the factors that explain the association between urbanicity and the risk of psychotic disorders. Further studies should account for the interdependence and/or interactions of different psychosocial and physical exposures (as well as gene-environment interactions), and explore this association in low- and middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"122-138"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10986450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138296524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current pharmacotherapy approaches and novel GABAergic antidepressant development in postpartum depression.","authors":"Sara V Carlini, Lauren M Osborne, Kristina M Deligiannidis","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2262464","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2262464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postpartum depression has deleterious effects on childbearing persons globally. Existing treatments have been largely extrapolated from those for other forms of depression and have included pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and neuromodulation. Hormonal treatments with oestrogen and progestogens, thought to be a rational approach to treatment in response to an emerging literature on the pathophysiology of postpartum depression, have only limited evidence for efficacy to date. Novel antidepressant development with allopregnanolone analogues, in contrast, has proven a promising avenue for the development of rationally designed and efficacious treatments. This state-of-the-art review presents the evidence for the current standard-of-care pharmacotherapy, hormonal treatment, and emerging allopregnanolone analogues for the treatment of postpartum depression along with a discussion of the current understanding of its neuroactive steroid-driven pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"92-100"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e6/f4/TDCN_25_2262464.PMC10557560.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41169239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of the use of psychoactive substances among students at the University of Lille during the COVID-19 health crisis: Results of the PETRA study.","authors":"Louise Carton, Axel Bastien, Nathalie Chérot, Clément Caron, Sylvie Deheul, Olivier Cottencin, Sophie Gautier, Sophie Moreau-Crépeaux, Thibaut Dondaine, Régis Bordet","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2268063","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2268063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Students represent a population at risk for substance abuse. That risk may have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to describe substance abuse among students and to compare consumption according to the university field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A self-administered questionnaire was sent by email to all students at the University of Lille, France, between March and July 2021. This anonymous questionnaire included questions about sociodemographic characteristics, university courses and the use of psychoactive substances (frequency, reasons, routes of administration) since the first university year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 4431 students who responded (response rate 6.1%), eighty percent declared having used alcohol since the first university year, 34% cannabis, 15.4% benzodiazepines, 14.7% opioid drugs, 7.5% cocaine, 6.8% nitrous oxide and 6.5% MDMA. More than 20% of the users of cannabis, benzodiazepines, amphetamines and cocaine reported having already felt dependent. Recreational use was described by more than 10% of benzodiazepine or opioid drug users. Nitrous oxide use was significantly more frequent in the health and sport field (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Tobacco, benzodiazepine, cannabis and MDMA uses were significantly more frequent in the humanities and social sciences/art, language and literature fields (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prevention measures focusing on alcohol, cannabis, illicit psychostimulants, nitrous oxide and prescription drugs are required in the student population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"101-111"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d4/1d/TDCN_25_2268063.PMC10578082.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41220183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural mechanisms linked to treatment outcomes and recovery in substance-related and addictive disorders.","authors":"Gemma Mestre-Bach, Marc N Potenza","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2242359","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2242359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present review focuses on potential neural mechanisms underlying recovery from psychiatric conditions characterised by impaired impulse control, specifically substance use disorders, gambling disorder, and internet gaming disorder. Existing treatments (both pharmacological and psychological) for these addictions may impact brain processes, and these have been evaluated in neuroimaging studies. Medication challenge and short-term intervention administration will be considered with respect to treatment utility. Main models of addiction (e.g., dual process, reward deficiency syndrome) will be considered in the context of extant data. Additionally, advanced analytic approaches (e.g., machine-learning approaches) will be considered with respect to guiding treatment development efforts. Thus, this narrative review aims to provide directions for treatment development for addictive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"75-91"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/16/b7/TDCN_25_2242359.PMC10444012.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10458098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connectome-based prediction of craving in gambling disorder and cocaine use disorder.","authors":"Stephanie Antons, Sarah W Yip, Cheryl M Lacadie, Javid Dadashkarimi, Dustin Scheinost, Matthias Brand, Marc N Potenza","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2208586","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2208586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Craving, involving intense and urgent desires to engage in specific behaviours, is a feature of addictions. Multiple studies implicate regions of salience/limbic networks and basal ganglia, fronto-parietal, medial frontal regions in craving in addictions. However, prior studies have not identified common neural networks that reliably predict craving across substance and behavioural addictions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Functional magnetic resonance imaging during an audiovisual cue-reactivity task and connectome-based predictive modelling (CPM), a data-driven method for generating brain-behavioural models, were used to study individuals with cocaine-use disorder and gambling disorder. Functions of nodes and networks relevant to craving were identified and interpreted based on meta-analytic data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Craving was predicted by neural connectivity across disorders. The highest degree nodes were mostly located in the prefrontal cortex. Overall, the prediction model included complex networks including motor/sensory, fronto-parietal, and default-mode networks. The decoding revealed high functional associations with components of memory, valence ratings, physiological responses, and finger movement/motor imagery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Craving could be predicted across substance and behavioural addictions. The model may reflect general neural mechanisms of craving despite specificities of individual disorders. Prefrontal regions associated with working memory and autobiographical memory seem important in predicting craving. For further validation, the model should be tested in diverse samples and contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"33-42"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/42/7d/TDCN_25_2208586.PMC10190201.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9630478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadherin Adhesion Complexes Direct Cell Aggregation in the Epithelial Transition of Wnt-Induced Nephron Progenitor Cells.","authors":"Balint Der, Helena Bugacov, Bohdana-Myroslava Briantseva, Andrew P McMahon","doi":"10.1101/2023.08.27.555021","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.08.27.555021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the developing mammalian kidney, nephron formation is initiated by a subset of nephron progenitor cells (NPCs). Wnt input activates a β-catenin ( <i>Ctnnb1</i> )-driven, transcriptional nephrogenic program. In conjunction, induced mesenchymal NPCs transition through a pre-tubular aggregate to an epithelial renal vesicle, the precursor for each nephron. How this critical mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) is regulated is unclear. In an <i>in vitro</i> mouse NPC culture model, activation of the Wnt pathway results in the aggregation of induced NPCs into closely-packed, cell clusters. Genetic removal of β-catenin resulted in a failure of both Wnt pathway-directed transcriptional activation and the formation of aggregated cell clusters. Modulating extracellular Ca ²⁺ levels showed cell-cell contacts were Ca ²⁺ -dependent, suggesting a role for cadherin (Cdh)-directed cell adhesion. Molecular analysis identified <i>Cdh2</i> , <i>Cdh4</i> and <i>Cdh11</i> in uninduced NPCs and the up-regulation of <i>Cdh3</i> and <i>Cdh4</i> accompanying the Wnt pathway-induced MET. Genetic removal of all four cadherins, and independent removal of α-catenin, which couples Cdh-β-catenin membrane complexes to the actin cytoskeleton, abolished cell aggregation in response to Wnt pathway activation. However, the β-catenin driven inductive transcriptional program was unaltered. Together with the accompanying paper (Bugacov <i>et al</i> ., submitted), these data demonstrate that distinct cellular activities of β-catenin - transcriptional regulation and cell adhesion - combine in the mammalian kidney programs generating differentiated epithelial nephron precursors from mesenchymal nephron progenitors.</p><p><strong>Summary statement: </strong>Our study highlights the role of Wnt-β-catenin pathway regulation of cadherin-mediated cell adhesion in the mesenchymal to epithelial transition of induced nephron progenitor cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11037868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91372449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent component analysis for internet gaming disorder.","authors":"Gemma Mestre-Bach, Roser Granero, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Marc N Potenza","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2168135","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2168135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> There is a growing interest in the study of the neurobiological correlates of internet gaming disorder (IGD), and new techniques are beginning to be implemented for this purpose, such as independent component analysis (ICA). <b>Aims:</b> The present narrative review aimed to explore the studies that had used ICA for the study of the different brain networks possibly associated with IGD. <b>Methods:</b> We specifically focussed on three of the main networks: default-mode network, executive-control and salience networks. <b>Results:</b> Most studies have identified alterations in these three brain networks in individuals with IGD, which may be involved in the development and maintenance of this disorder. <b>Conclusion:</b> More studies are needed to deepen an understanding of the specific role of each in the symptomatology and treatment of IGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"14-23"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9930851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9168973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}