Conservation Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Etorphine induces pathophysiology in immobilized white rhinoceros through sympathomimesis that is attenuated by butorphanol.","authors":"Jordyn M Boesch, Robin D Gleed, Peter E Buss, Adrian S W Tordiffe, Gareth E Zeiler, Michele A Miller, Francois Viljoen, Brian H Harvey, Stephen A Parry, Leith C R Meyer","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coaf009","DOIUrl":"10.1093/conphys/coaf009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>White rhinoceros are a sentinel species for important ecosystems in southern Africa. Their conservation requires active management of their population, which, in turn, requires immobilization of individuals with an ultra-potent opioid such as etorphine. Unfortunately, when immobilized with etorphine, they develop severe hypoxaemia that may contribute to morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that (i) etorphine causes sympathetic upregulation that is responsible for physiological complications that produce hypoxaemia and (ii) butorphanol, a partial μ opioid agonist, mitigates sympathetic upregulation, thereby improving arterial oxygen content (CaO₂) and delivery (DO₂). Six subadult male white rhinoceros were administered two treatments in random order: etorphine-saline (ES) and etorphine-butorphanol (EB). After intramuscular etorphine (~2.6 μg kg^-1), rhinoceros became recumbent (time 0 min [t0]) and were instrumented. Baseline data were collected at t30, butorphanol (0.026 mg/kg) or 0.9% saline was administered intravenously at t37, and data were collected again at t40 and t50. At baseline, plasma noradrenaline concentration was >40 ng ml^-1, approximately twice that of non-immobilized rhinoceros (<i>t</i> test, <i>P</i> < 0.05); cardiac output (Qt, by thermodilution) and metabolic rate (VO₂, by spirometry/indirect calorimetry) were greater than predicted allometrically (<i>t</i> test, <i>P</i> < 0.05), and pulmonary hypertension was present. After butorphanol, noradrenaline concentration remained greater than in non-immobilized rhinoceros; in EB, CaO₂ was greater, while Qt, DO₂, VO₂, and pulmonary pressures were less than in ES (linear mixed effect model, all <i>P</i> < 0.05). Increased noradrenaline concentration with increased Qt and hypermetabolism supports etorphine-induced sympathetic upregulation. Butorphanol partly attenuated these effects, increasing CaO₂ but reducing Qt and, thus, DO₂. Since plasma noradrenaline concentration remained increased after butorphanol administration while Qt, DO₂, and VO₂ decreased, a pathway independent of plasma noradrenaline concentration might contribute to the cardiopulmonary and hypermetabolic effects of etorphine. Developing treatments to combat this sympathomimesis could reduce capture-related morbidity in white rhinoceros.</p>","PeriodicalId":54331,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Physiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"coaf009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation of thermal tolerance during northward range expansion in the invasive golden star tunicate, <i>Botryllus schlosseri</i>.","authors":"Zachary J C Tobias, Gareth Miller, Carolyn K Tepolt","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coaf018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coaf018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Populations within a species can differ with respect to their thermal physiology, with variation often observed across gradients in environmental temperature with latitude or elevation. The tempo at which phenotypic plasticity and/or local adaptation are able to shape variation in thermal tolerance has implications for species persistence in an increasingly volatile climate. Having encountered novel environments during introduction and subsequent range expansion, non-indigenous species present useful case studies for examining thermal tolerance differentiation on contemporary time scales. Here we test for differentiation of heat and cold tolerance among three populations of the invasive golden star tunicate, <i>Botryllus schlosseri</i> (Pallas), spanning a 24.3° latitudinal gradient in the Northeast Pacific. We observed differentiation of post-larval heat tolerance among our sites, with our southern, putatively warm-adapted population exhibiting a significantly higher LT₅₀ than the two more northern populations. We also found that adult cardiac performance at cold temperatures is progressively greater in colder, higher latitude populations. This pattern may suggest compensatory genetic adaptation to colder environmental temperatures. By examining both heat tolerance and cold performance simultaneously among populations of an invasive ascidian, we document how this marine ectotherm is capable of shifting its physiology to novel environmental conditions over compressed time scales, with implications for the spread of this invasive species and, more broadly, for species' responses to temperature in an era of global change.</p>","PeriodicalId":54331,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Physiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"coaf018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keep them flapping: How anglers can reduce stress on flapper skates.","authors":"Zhong-Wen Jiang","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coaf017","DOIUrl":"10.1093/conphys/coaf017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54331,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Physiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"coaf017"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of climate change and a water management programme on white sturgeon physiology in the Nechako River, British Columbia.","authors":"Muhammed A Oyinlola, Mostafa Khorsandi, Rachael Penman, Madison L Earhart, Richard Arsenault, Steve McAdam, Colin J Brauner, André St-Hilaire","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coaf014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/conphys/coaf014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change is impacting river ecosystems, underlining the need for water management strategies to protect native species within these ecosystems. Here, we evaluate the impact of climate change and water management on the physiology of white sturgeon (<i>Acipenser transmontanus</i>) in the Nechako River, British Columbia (Canada). Using the CEQUEAU hydrological-thermal model, we simulated daily water temperatures from 1980 to 2099 under two climate scenarios (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5). We assessed thermal exposure risk (<i>T_e</i> ) for different developmental stages of white sturgeon, focusing on the warmest 6-month period. Our findings show that embryos and yolk-sac larvae exhibit resilience, with <i>T_e</i> values consistently <1 under both scenarios, signifying low thermal stress. In contrast, feeding larvae and juveniles experience elevated <i>T_e</i> values, indicating significant future thermal stress. For feeding larvae, <i>T_e</i> values exceeded 1 under both scenarios, reaching up to 1.5 by the mid-century (2050s) and up to 1.8 by the end of the century (2090s) under SSP5-8.5. Juvenile white sturgeon also faced increased thermal risks, with <i>T_e</i> values rising >1 during July and August, reaching 1.4 and 1.8 by the 2050s and 1.8 and 2.0 by the 2090s under SSP5-8.5, compared to the 1980s. These results underscore the need to evaluate the existing water management programme to better accommodate the projected changes in thermal conditions associated with climate change. Additionally, regulated river discharge, which can both increase and decrease downstream temperatures, offers a strategic opportunity to mitigate some climate impacts through strategic dam discharge management.</p>","PeriodicalId":54331,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Physiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"coaf014"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11891139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress physiology of scalloped and great hammerhead sharks from a bottom longline fishery.","authors":"Bianca K Prohaska, Heather Marshall, R Dean Grubbs, Karissa Lear, Bryan S Frazier, John J Morris, Alyssa Andres, Robert E Hueter, Bryan A Keller, Nicholas M Whitney","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coaf015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/conphys/coaf015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The scalloped hammerhead <i>Sphyrna lewini</i> and the great hammerhead <i>S. mokarran</i> are large, coastal to semi-oceanic shark species common to waters of the US east coast where they are regularly taken in commercial and recreational fisheries, particularly the bottom longline fishery. High rates of hooking mortality and low rates of population growth are believed to have caused severe declines in the US Atlantic populations of these species. The objective of this study was to determine the physiological stress induced by bottom longline capture in both <i>S. lewini</i> and <i>S. mokarran</i>. Physiological stress was quantified using the blood biochemical indicators glucose, lactate, pH, haematocrit, sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride and magnesium, which have been demonstrated to indicate physiological stress in elasmobranchs. Each shark captured was assigned a condition factor, which was compared with the stress parameters and time on hook to quantify stress induced by different longline hook times. In <i>S. lewini</i>, the physiological stress parameters lactate, pH, sodium and chloride scaled with hook time, whereas in <i>S. mokarran,</i> only lactate was affected by hook time. In both species, water temperature affected lactate and glucose levels, as well as sodium and pH levels in <i>S. lewini</i> and magnesium levels in <i>S. mokarran.</i> These data will be useful for estimating post-release mortality of <i>S. lewini</i> and <i>S. mokarran</i> from measurements taken at the time of capture, and quantifying the physiological stress response to longline capture in both species to the Atlantic bottom longline fishery.</p>","PeriodicalId":54331,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Physiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"coaf015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring polar bear health using allostatic load.","authors":"Sarah J Teman, Todd C Atwood, Sarah J Converse, Tricia L Fry, Kristin L Laidre","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coaf013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/conphys/coaf013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The southern Beaufort Sea polar bear sub-population (<i>Ursus maritimus</i>) has been adversely affected by climate change and loss of sea ice habitat. Even though the sub-population is likely decreasing, it remains difficult to link individual polar bear health and physiological change to sub-population effects. We developed an index of allostatic load, which represents potential physiological dysregulation. The allostatic load index included blood- and hair-based analytes measured in physically captured southern Beaufort bears in spring. We examined allostatic load in relation to bear body condition, age, terrestrial habitat use and, over time, for bear demographic groups. Overall, allostatic load had no relationship with body condition. However, allostatic load was higher in adult females without cubs that used terrestrial habitats the prior year, indicating potential physiological dysregulation with land use. Allostatic load declined with age in adult females without cubs. Sub-adult males demonstrated decreased allostatic load over time. Our study is one of the first attempts to develop a health scoring system for free-ranging polar bears, and our findings highlight the complexity of using allostatic load as an index of health in a wild species. Establishing links between individual bear health and population dynamics is important for advancing conservation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":54331,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Physiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"coaf013"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11884737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microclimatic changes caused by plant invasions and warming: uncovering thermal costs and benefits to a tortoise.","authors":"Raquel A Garcia, Susana Clusella-Trullas","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coaf016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/conphys/coaf016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-native plant invasions and climate warming alter the microclimatic conditions that organisms experience in their habitats, with potential implications for the fitness of native faunal species, particularly ectotherms. Predictions for species conservation increasingly use microclimate data at fine spatial scales relevant to organisms, but they typically overlook the modulating effect that vegetation changes have on the microclimates available in the habitat. Here we quantify the microclimatic changes imposed by invasive trees and simultaneous warming on native habitats and assess the resulting thermal benefits and costs to a small tortoise species (<i>Homopus areolatus</i>) from an organismal perspective and throughout its life cycle. We logged operative temperature above- and belowground in the field, covering the diversity of microhabitats across the four seasons of the year, and assessed the species' optimal temperature in the laboratory. Moving beyond the common use of averages, we applied a range of metrics to quantify differences between invaded and native areas in spatio-temporal temperature distributions, combined effects with warming and thermal habitat suitability for the species. We found that invaded areas became cooler and less exposed to temperatures above the species' optimal in summer. This buffering effect is expected to become more pronounced with further climate warming, turning invaded areas into potential thermal refugia. However, reduced spatial thermal heterogeneity during warm periods, more prevalent sub-optimal low temperatures in winter and colder underground incubation conditions in invaded areas could be detrimental to the species' long-term performance. Our results reveal the mixed nature of thermal effects of invasive plants on ectotherms, underscoring the importance of applying a suite of metrics to assess microclimate distribution changes. The approach used here illustrates the value of integrating thermal physiological and microclimatic information for a more mechanistic understanding of conservation problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":54331,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Physiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"coaf016"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11884760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short- and long-wavelength lights disrupt endocrine signalling but not immune function in a nocturnal marsupial.","authors":"Alicia M Dimovski, Kerry V Fanson, Amy M Edwards, Kylie A Robert","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coae092","DOIUrl":"10.1093/conphys/coae092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural light-dark cycles are responsible for synchronizing an animal's circadian clock with environmental conditions. Consequently, the endocrine system is vulnerable to changes in the external light environment, particularly short-wavelength blue light. Artificial light at night drastically changes the night-time environment by masking natural light cycles and disrupting well-established biological rhythms. The introduction of blue-rich lighting, such as white light-emitting diodes (LEDs), may increase the biological effects of light at night on wildlife. However, flexibility in the spectral composition of LED lighting presents options for wildlife-sensitive lighting, such as long-wavelength amber LEDs. Here we examine the effect of light spectra on circadian physiology in a nocturnal marsupial. Specifically, we investigate the effect of short-wavelength white (standard urban lighting) and long-wavelength amber LEDs (proposed wildlife-sensitive lighting) on circadian hormones and cell-mediated immunity in the Krefft's glider (<i>Petaurus notatus</i>). Melatonin and glucocorticoid secretion were disrupted following exposure to both short-wavelength white and long-wavelength amber LEDs. Both LEDs suppressed melatonin, whilst glucocorticoid secretion was suppressed under amber LEDs and increased under white LEDs. Despite this disturbance we did not detect any effect of light treatment on cell-mediated immune response. Our findings offer a novel contribution to understanding the physiological impacts of light at night on wildlife. We also provide evidence that long-wavelength amber LEDs can disrupt physiology and are not a wildlife-sensitive lighting option for all species.</p>","PeriodicalId":54331,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Physiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"coae092"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11964822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining avian influenza virus exposure in seabirds of the northwest Atlantic in 2022 and 2023 via antibodies in eggs.","authors":"Angela McLaughlin, Jolene Giacinti, Sailendra Nath Sarma, Michael G C Brown, Robert A Ronconi, Raphaël A Lavoie, Margaret L Eng, Bridget Enright, Andrew S Lang, Ishraq Rahman, Jordan Wight, Kathryn E Hargan, Mark L Mallory, Julia E Baak, Megan Jones, Michelle Saunders, Reyd Dupuis-Smith, Kyle Elliott, H Grant Gilchrist, Holly Hennin, Magella Guillemette, Pauline Martigny, William Montevecchi, Aevar Petersen, Yohannes Berhane, Jennifer F Provencher","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coaf010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/conphys/coaf010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seabirds are frequently infected by avian influenza virus (AIV), which prior to 2021 primarily consisted of low-pathogenic AIV with limited reports of disease during infection. However, since highly pathogenic AIV (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b was introduced to North America in late 2021, HPAIV outbreaks in seabirds have occurred in multiple regions, with high levels of morbidity and mortality in many species. While monitoring active viral infections is critical for tracking disease burden, monitoring prior viral exposure via antibody detection in species that experienced large outbreaks is important for identifying individual- and population-level impacts of AIV on immunity and survival. We capitalized on ongoing egg collection programmes to assess the prevalence of antibodies against AIV nucleoprotein (NP) and hemagglutinin subtype 5 (H5) in 523 eggs collected in 2022 and 2023 from 11 seabird species that breed in the northwestern Atlantic, including primarily samples from eastern Canada and two from western Iceland. The prevalence of AIV antibodies in eggs varied across regions, species and years. American common eider (<i>Somateria mollissima dresseri</i>) eggs had the highest AIV antibody prevalence compared to sympatric species in 2023. Longitudinal samples were available for northern gannets (<i>Morus bassanus</i>) and American herring gulls (<i>Larus argentatus smithsoniansus</i>) at several sites, where the prevalence of anti-NP and anti-H5 antibodies increased from 2022 to 2023. Examining AIV antibody prevalence in seabird eggs can be a useful tool to investigate population-level AIV exposure, while we acknowledge our limited understanding of differential antibody waning rates and the relationship between titre and susceptibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":54331,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Physiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"coaf010"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11858004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provisioning of vitellogenic follicles continues after green turtles arrive at the nesting beach.","authors":"Renato Saragoça Bruno, Alan B Bolten, Karen A Bjorndal","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coaf012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/conphys/coaf012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the energetic demands of reproduction on female sea turtles is crucial for devising effective conservation strategies aimed at supporting the reproductive health and resilience of populations at nesting habitats. We studied the ovaries of 69 green turtles (<i>Chelonia mydas</i>) preyed upon by jaguars (<i>Panthera onca</i>) during three nesting seasons at Tortuguero, Costa Rica, the main green turtle Atlantic nesting beach. Our findings revealed a bimodal distribution of vitellogenic follicles, with 'dominant' follicles destined for ovulation and 'non-dominant' follicles to be resorbed. Female green turtles lay, on average, six clutches with ~110 eggs each per nesting season, and a size hierarchy was also found within dominant follicles. During the nesting season, the diameter of small dominant follicles increased by 66% prior to ovulation. Analysis of yolk composition showed that small dominant follicles had higher percent water content than large dominant follicles, which indicates dry matter deposition rather than hydration is responsible for the pre-ovulatory increase in diameter of green turtle dominant follicles during the nesting season. Furthermore, percentages of lipid, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the yolk dry matter were constant across green turtle vitellogenic follicles, which underscores that the increase in follicle size results from provisioning with yolk containing similar proportions of these nutrients. Atretic follicles had higher water and lower P percentages than dominant follicles, indicating an accelerated resorption of phosphorus over lipids and N, which could be due to the importance of this nutrient for eggshell production. Finally, >49% of the energy required for egg production was still to be invested during the nesting season, and yolk from non-dominant follicles would not have provided sufficient energy for most females to complete yolk deposition. These insights into follicular dynamics and nutrient provisioning clarify the ongoing reproductive investments made by female green turtles at Tortuguero.</p>","PeriodicalId":54331,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Physiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"coaf012"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11858006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}